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Tag: "beta" at biology news

Research suggests beta agonists may alter the immune system

...uld influence future drug development, because new beta agonists that are more effective in activating PKA may prove useful. ...

Slow brain waves play key role in coordinating complex activity

... second), alpha (8-13 oscillations per second) and beta (14-30 oscillations per second) to the most rapid firings in the human brain - gamma oscillations (30-60 oscillations per second). Because slow firings are detected when the brain is least active, while rapid firings accompany activity, neuroscientis...

Protein folding: Building a strong foundation

...that folds into a sandwich-like structure called a beta sheet, which is a common fold in nature that consists of two beta-sheets of amino-acid strands meshed together. "In folding study the right combination of expertise in computational and experimental approaches is vital for success," Ma said. "Our c...

Beyond the book: Software automates access to brain atlases

...es. The software, now available in an experimental beta version for free download, is a robust and user-friendly interface that works on all the most popular computer operating systems. "Brain atlases are basic tools for researchers in neural science," says Gully A.P.C. Burns, a specialist in neuroinfor...

Holiday gluttony can spell disaster for undiagnosed diabetics

...pe 1 : The immune system attacks insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, requiring insulin to survive. This typically affects children. Type 2: The body can't efficiently use its own insulin and insulin production can't keep up with the high demand, so glucose builds up in the blood and the body...

PLoS ONE is launched by the Public Library of Science

...echnology will no doubt hold some surprises. The beta version5 of PLoS ONE that is launched today is a work-in-progress. It is presented in beta because PLoS wishes the community to help shape PLoS ONE, and the underlying publishing platform, in...

New data from NIH lab confirms protocol to reverse type 1 diabetes in mice

...m the spleen can contribute to the regeneration of beta cells. In 2001 and 2003, researchers at Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH) demonstrated the efficacy of a protocol to reverse of type 1 diabetes in diabetic mice. Three studies from other institutions published in the March 24, 2006 issue of Scie...

Increased sensitivity to nerve signals keeps diabetes at bay

... which the pancreas cells that produce insulin, or beta cells, lack so-called M3 muscarinic acetylcholine ... genetically altered to harbor an excess number of beta cell M3 receptors show the opposite: a profound increase in glucose tolerance and insulin release, t...

Gardenia fruit compound starting point for diabetes therapy

... causes of disease in insulin-producing pancreatic beta cells. Insulin controls blood levels of glucose, t...sent a lead compound for agents aimed at improving beta cell function in type 2 diabetes." Study coauthor Chen-Yu Zhang's familiarity with traditional Chin...

A sweet solution for Alzheimer's disease?

...er's disease has been that some compounds--such as beta secretase inhibitors--cannot enter the brain easily, St George-Hyslop explained. Scyllo-inositol, on the other hand, readily passes through the blood-brain barrier where it is made available to the central nervous system. Even if scyllo-inositol doe...

Scientists reverse evolution

...named beta-thalassemia, which occurs when a mutant beta hemoglobin gene results in faulty production of he...ene, essentially creating an embryonic or juvenile beta hemoglobin gene that could make hemoglobin normally during adult life. ...

New study reveals signaling pathways required for expansion of pancreas stem cells

... destruction of insulin-producing pancreatic islet beta cells by the body's immune system. Islet beta cells are spread throughout the pancreas and are made up of two types of cells: alpha cells, which m...

Defense peptide found in primates may block some human HIV transmissions

...research around the world has focused on alpha and beta defensins, the two types that humans still make. Cole studies theta-defensins called retrocyclins, which are no longer made by humans or advanced primates such as chimpanzees. However, theta-defensins are more active against HIV-1 than the other two ...

Teasing out tissue from blood

...rom brain and liver cells to the insulin-producing beta islet cells of the pancreas. The idea is to revert a patient's blood cells to the stem cell stage and then chemically nudge them to re-specialise into particular tissue types that can be implanted to heal damaged tissue. A huge advantage over using...

Research reveals control of potent immune regulator

...vity. It also looked at transforming growth factor beta (TGFb), a substance also made by NK cells that lowers IFNg production. The research, by investigators with the Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center ?Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute, found that t...

Brain enzyme treatment relieves memory lapse in Alzheimer's mice

...therapies have almost exclusively targeted amyloid beta (Aß), the protein responsible for the "amyloid pla...Shelanski of Columbia University. "While amyloid beta is certainly a key player in Alzheimer's disease--and efforts to reduce it remain a worthy goal--our...

Production of key Alzheimer's protein monitored for first time in humans

...itor the production and clearance rates of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) in the human central nervous syste...bout six or seven hours, you make half the amyloid beta found in your central nervous system." Ideally, the production and clearance rates stay balanced, ...

Common molecular 'signature' identified in solid tumors

...noblastoma-1 (RB1) and transforming growth factor, beta receptor 2 (TGFBR2). Croce predicts that miRNAs themselves may one day be used as treatments. "If we can replace miRNAs that are lost and block those that are overly abundant, then maybe we can prevent some of the very earliest changes that happen ...

HPV subtype associated with squamous cell skin cancers

...ction with human papillomavirus (HPV) types called beta HPVs may be associated with an increased risk of d...epithelial cancers such as cervical cancer. Genus beta HPVs, which includes HPV types 5 and 8, have been detected in skin tumors, and previous studies sugg...

Study in Science holds promise for a new approach to drug therapy

...y binding to the hotspot, and blocking the G gamma beta subunit's ability to activate phopholipase C, which in turn inhibits pain signals. "Imagine if we could identify 50 small molecules, with each one bringing about a specific set of changes in the behavior the hotspot," Smrcka said. "Taken together, t...

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