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Tag: "behind" at biology news

Prions rapidly 'remodel' good protein into bad, Brown study shows

...ortant light on the mysterious molecular machinery behind prions, infectious proteins that cause fatal brain ailments such as mad cow disease and scrapie in animals and, in rare cases, Creutzfeldt-Jacob disease and kuru in humans. Because similar protein self-replication occurs in neurodegenerative disease...

California computer scientists double volume of data in NIH biotech repository

...ozen other data sets, including the second-largest behind HapMap: 110 million genotypes published earlier this year by a consortium led by Perlegen Sciences. "The speed with which we are able to compute the entire dbSNP database of genotypes is a combination of the speed of our algorithm and the computat...

U-M scientists say fused genes trigger the development of prostate cancer

...ozen other data sets, including the second-largest behind HapMap: 110 million genotypes published earlier this year by a consortium led by Perlegen Sciences. "The speed with which we are able to compute the entire dbSNP database of genotypes is a combination of the speed of our algorithm and the computat...

UQ scientists break new ground in fight against infection & chronic disease

...itis and inflammatory bowel disease. They are also behind the muscle wasting experienced by patients with cancer. Chronic inflammatory disorders are a substantial burden in social and economic terms for the Australian community. Arthritis alone afflicts 3.4 million Australians and the financial costs we...

Master regulatory gene found that guides fate of blood-producing stem cells

...l Academy of Sciences. "Understanding the biology behind how the body precisely controls stem-cell fate is one of the most important issues in stem-cell biology," says senior author Stephen G. Emerson, MD, PhD, Associate Director of Clinical Research for Penn's Abramson Cancer Center and Chief of the Divis...

Restaurant seafood prices since 1850s help plot marine harvests through history

...he says. "We stress an understanding of the forces behind the changes." With respect to the North Sea, for example, researchers at the conference will show: * How large harvests of the ling fish prior to 1914 allowed cod to dominate the North Sea, causing ecologists today to rethink models of the Nort...

Scientists characterize proteome of human cornea

... the effort to understand the molecular mechanisms behind corneal disorders," emphasizes Dr. Enghild. "By comparative proteomic studies of diseased and normal corneas we can identify differences in the expression profiles that may suggest avenues for therapeutic interventions. Because the cornea is so acces...

Chernobyl: The true scale of the accident

...ial workers, often younger, left the areas leaving behind an older population with few of the skills needed for economic recovery. The older population has meant that deaths exceed births, which reinforces the perception that these areas are dangerous places to live. Even when pay is high, schools, hospita...

Wright bros. upstaged! Dinos invented biplanes

...ve extended its rear limbs to form a wing directly behind the front wing. More likely, and more aerodynamically stable, would have been a rear wing that was held lower than the front wing ? what from the side would look like a staggered biplane configuration, Chatterjee explains. Chatterjee and Templin fe...

Creeping crinoids! Sea lilies crawl to escape predators, new video shows

...heir feathery arms to crawl, dragging their stalks behind them, but the scientists wondered what induced sea lilies to relocate in nature. Physical disturbance, overcrowding or predation all were possible factors, but compelling evidence for any of these explanations was lacking. Then, while going through ...

U. of Colorado researcher identifies tracks of swimming dinosaur in Wyoming

...heir feathery arms to crawl, dragging their stalks behind them, but the scientists wondered what induced sea lilies to relocate in nature. Physical disturbance, overcrowding or predation all were possible factors, but compelling evidence for any of these explanations was lacking. Then, while going through ...

Reducing antibiotic use lowers rates of drug-resistant bacteria

...to fewer "superbugs." That's the take-home message behind a new study in the Oct. 15 issue of Clinical Infectious Diseases, now available online. The study found that reducing antibiotic use for pediatric respiratory tract infections resulted in lower rates of carriage of drug-resistant bacteria. Drug-res...

A little telomerase isn't enough

.... "If you were to search for the genetic mutation behind this mouse's disease, you wouldn't find it -- there isn't one," says Greider. "These mice develop disease only because their telomeres are short, and having telomerase doesn't lengthen them right away." The condition of the mice is virtually identic...

Magnetic probe successfully tracks implanted cells in cancer patients

... very well but others not at all. A critical issue behind each patient's success on the treatment, however, is whether the cells get to the lymph nodes, where the immune system's fighters are normally "trained" by dendritic cells. Until now, there's been no accurate way to know where the cells end up. It's...

Science's Breakthrough of the Year: Watching evolution in action

...A Rich Year for Plants: Several key molecular cues behind flowering and other plant mysteries and surprises came to light in 2005. For example, plant molecular biologists pinned down the identity of a signal that initiates the seasonal development of flowers. Other research focused on a gene involved in sti...

Marine conservation organizations team up to conduct Indonesia coral reefs assessment

...lar intervals. A manta tow involves towing a diver behind a boat while they record observations regarding ecological condition on an underwater slate. The Reef Check survey is the only standard method used to survey the world's reefs. Initial surveys in the region conducted by Reef Check and other marine co...

Envisat radar surveillance protects endangered prehistoric fish

...he second largest producer of Patagonian toothfish behind Chile. So the toothfish is very important to it, earning in the region of 40 to 60 million euros for its economy annually. However in recent years the toothfish has fallen prey to illegal uncontrolled fishing. It is estimated that pirate vessels have...

Gene increases risk of tuberculosis

...es-Villanueva and colleagues show that the culprit behind the increased susceptibility to TB was a small change in the gene that encodes a protein called MCP-1 (the MCP-1 gene resides of chromosome 17). The genetic change was a tiny one, with the DNA sequence differing by only a single nucleotide (the buil...

Federal grant funds research on novel HIV therapy

...aim to better understand the underlying mechanisms behind anti-HIV activity of NK-1R antagonists. The basic science research will particularly examine how these agents affect HIV-infected immune cells and how they also might protect the brain. "We know that substance P plays an important role in both the im...

Fitting in: Newly evolved genes adopt a variety of strategies to remain in the gene pool

... Until now, the biological and evolutionary forces behind the maintenance of these duplicates as functional components of the genome have remained unclear. To determine the basis for the persistence of functional gene duplicates in the genome, three scientists at the Institute of Molecular Systems Biology ...

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