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Tag: "behind" at biology news

Breakthrough in understanding type-2 diabetes as key genes identified

...ich they detected might further explain the causes behind type-2 diabetes, potentially leading to new treatments. The research revealed that people with type-2 diabetes have a mutation in a particular zinc transporter known as SLC30A8, which is involved in regulating insulin secretion. Type-2 diabetes is as...

New molecular pathway could reveal how cells stick together

...itutes of Health, they plan to fill in the details behind how cells decide to stick to a surface, which could lead to a better understanding of the importance of this pathway to the physiology and development of organisms. Cells must interact with each other to produce system responses, like the remodeling...

Infection detectives use disease 'fingerprints' to track common infections in children

...yzing the telltale "fingerprints" a disease leaves behind on cells involved in the immune response, and using that information to get a composite sketch of the infectious agent. "We are genetically programmed to respond differently to different infections. We have developed the tools to understand that,"...

Fighting to keep Darwin in the classroom

...nd Biomedicine at Springer, said, "Springer stands behind evolutionary theory as a fundamental component of modern science education, especially now since the 'intelligent design' advocates have made worrying attempts to promote their views in public schools. We are committed to helping educators teach Dar...

Childhood obesity among Quebec Cree raises concerns

...es. Further study is needed to identify the causes behind the high obesity rates, but in general, the elementary school students exhibited very low levels of physical fitness and physical activity. Diet is another obvious possibility to consider. This University of Alberta research is ongoing—and there’s...

Genetic pathways to curable and incurable forms of pancreatic cancer identified

...uld be possible to unravel the detailed mechanisms behind their distinct behavior and hopefully identify points of vulnerability in the more fatal form to improve survival," Hingorani said. ...

When your brain talks, your muscles don't always listen

...f muscle fibers. "Muscles are the driving force behind our movements," Knight said. "Every time they get a command from the neurons, the muscle fibers contract. In the generation of muscular force, the smallest controllable unit consists of an individual neuron and the muscle fibers it stimulates. We bel...

ConocoPhillips establishes $22.5M biofuels research program at Iowa State

...ivate sector investments will be the driving force behind the development of new industries and technologies, and I'm encouraged that Iowa State and ConocoPhillips are working together to create the right research programs for our state's energy future." "We believe the key to a secure energy future is t...

The penalty of having a sister -- why sibling sex matters for male saiga antelopes

...h they do not yet understand the precise mechanism behind this suboptimal development in male twins, its existence is clear. "When siblings in a litter vary in sex, maternal investment should be sex-specific, meaning that the male foetus grows bigger than the female. However, it seems there are limitations ...

Changes in amino acids in the 1918 influenza virus cut transmission

... "So if we can understand the molecular mechanisms behind its transmission, perhaps we can do something to block transmission and prevent illness." To do this, Dr. García-Sastre and his team studied two key molecular structures: hemagglutinin, a protein located in of the surface of the influenza virus, a...

Brain's reward circuit activity ebbs and flows with a woman's hormonal cycle

...ard, they activated the amygdala and a cortex area behind the eyes that regulates emotion and reward-related planning behavior more during the pre-ovulation phase (four to eight days after their period began) than in the post-ovulatory phase. When they hit the jackpot and actually won a reward, women in...

NIH researchers discover protein that appears to regulate bone mass loss, the cause of osteoporosis

...ip, spine and wrist fractures. The basic mechanism behind osteoporosis involves an imbalance between bone mineral formation and loss, but the detailed biological processes that lead to this imbalance are not completely understood. Now researchers at the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases ...

Scientists see DNA get 'sunburned' for the first time

...e anyone has observed the initial molecular events behind damage to DNA. Kohler thinks the results might make scientists attack the problem of UV damage in a new way. DNA in a cell is always moving, he explained. It bends and twists one way or another because it is a relatively flexible molecule. This fl...

Rare cell prevents rampant brain activity

...lls. Gilad Silberberg, one of the researchers behind the study, believes that the mechanism is essential to understanding brain disorders like epilepsy. "A characteristic feature of epilepsy is the hyperactivation of cortical pyramid cells, which is exactly what this mechanism inhibits. It is possib...

Leeches ferry infection among newts

...n at sites recently bitten by leeches, which leave behind a characteristic patch of blood under the skin. Raffel, whose work is funded by the National Science Foundation, says "when a leech sticks its proboscis into an infected newt, either the mechanical action of the probe or the anti-inflammatory ch...

UCLA study uncovers clues for why Graves' disease attacks the eyes

... why Graves?disease (GD) attacks the muscle tissue behind the eyes, often causing them to bulge painfully fr...ng excess levels of hormone that attack the tissue behind the eye, causing them to protrude. In extreme cases, patients experience trouble closing their eyel...

Latent memory of cells comes to life

New Danish research has examined the mechanisms behind latent cell memory, which can come to life and cause previously non-existent capacities suddenly to appear. Special yeast cells for example, can abruptly change from being of a single sex to hermaphrodite. Researchers from the Niels Bohr Institute...

Chemical maps hint at drug's effects on schizophrenia

...st of their work in the brain, but they also leave behind in the bloodstream a trail of hundreds of chemicals that may be used in the future to direct better treatment for schizophrenia and other psychiatric conditions, say Duke University Medical Center researchers. The study is among the first to use met...

Confirmed -- deforestation plays critical climate change role

...his study ensures we have a sound scientific basis behind the consideration of deforestation reduction."...

World's leading scientists announce creation of 'Encyclopedia of Life'

...d to encompass microbial life. To provide depth behind the portal page for each species, the Biodiversity Heritage Library (BHL), a consortium that holds most of the relevant scientific literature, will scan and digitize tens of millions of pages of the scientific literature that will offer open access t...

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