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Tag: "behavior" at biology news

Pollutant haze heats the Arctic

...ng the cloud a better blanket is the same physical behavior that explains why a potato cooks faster in a microwave oven if it is cut into smaller pieces. "Same amount of potato, but more efficient cooking, because more of the interior of the potato is exposed to the penetrating microwave radiation," Garrett s...

The higher the hierarchy, the greater the aggression

Individual variation in social behavior is one of the most striking features of cooperativ...gate the extent to which differences in aggressive behavior within a cooperative society can be explained by "inheritance rank"--the likelihood that an individu...

Scientists describe new African monkey genus ?first in 83 years

... the rain-soaked forests of Rungwe documenting the behavior of a troop of Kipunji, Link Olson of University of Alaska Museum was trudging through the snow in 20-degrees-below-zero weather to his molecular lab in Fairbanks, more than 8,500 miles away." The molecular data recovered from muscle tissue and analy...

Einstein researchers take the pulse of a gene in living cells

... first time allow scientists to directly watch the behavior of a single gene in real time. Their findings appeared in the current issue of Current Biology. When a gene is expressed or "turned on," genetic information is transferred from DNA into RNA. This process, known as transcription, is crucial for trans...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

... "The level of complexity at which we assess mouse behavior is often very rudimentary, and it just does not match up with subtleties of the cognitive deficits in human mental dysfunction or with the tools we use to study the mechanisms that underlie disorders in people." Garner and his colleagues designed a...

Nanotechnology being used to improve biocompatibility of human prosthetics and implants

...ersity, the nanostructures and in vitro osteoblast behavior of individual CP splats were characterized. The splats were deposited using both plasma spraying and high velocity oxy-fuel (HVOF) onto polished Ti-6Al-4V substrates. The results showed that the nanostructured HA splats are capable of enhancing the...

Ring-like formations in drying DNA drops could affect hybridization studies

...dic zigzag pattern." To examine the structure and behavior of the DNA liquid crystal, the researchers used a relatively new imaging technique developed at Kent State University. Called fluorescence confocal polarizing microscopy, the technique imaged the DNA in the drying droplet in three dimensions. "The D...

Leptin found to control appetite and limb development in frogs

...leptin signal isn't capable of turning the feeding behavior off, but it does apparently tell their bodies that they've had enough to eat now, and they can begin sprouting limbs. "Leptin gets a lot of attention for its role in food intake, but it's clear that it does lots of other jobs," he said. The hormone...

Hope I die before I get old?

...that drives middle-aged people to "midlife crisis" behavior in a vain attempt to slow their own aging. Stereotypes about aging abound in our society, Lacey says, and affect the way older people are treated as well as the public policies that affect them. That's why research on the beliefs that fuel those o...

Meth promotes spread of virus in HIV-infected users

...ns, thus increasing the likelihood of risky sexual behavior and the potential to introduce the virus into the body, and at the same time allows more virus to get into the cell," said Nair, professor of medicine and a specialist in immunology in the UB School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. His resea...

Hopkins scientists show hallucinogen in mushrooms creates universal 'mystical' experience

... experiences apparently prompt positive changes in behavior and attitude that last several months, at least. ...erstanding of how thought, emotion, and ultimately behavior are grounded in biology." Griffiths is quick to emphasize the scientific intent of the study. "We...

Gene therapy injected into the brains' of mice with Huntington's disease

...hind limb clasping, (a simulation of motor control behavior in HD patients). Perhaps most importantly, gene delivery of GDNF provided neuroprotection in the brain, with reduced density of brain inclusions and less cell death. The authors wrote "Although GDNF's exact role in preventing cell death in mice mod...

New compound reduces stroke damage

...ronal differentiation. Diseased animals with motor behavior deficits also showed improvement when they were given the synthetic drug. These results suggest a potential therapeutic application specific FKBP38 inhibitors in the treatment of neurodegeneration following stroke and a number of other diseases. ...

Some people would give life or limb not to be fat

...ame, and withdrawal, rather than motivates healthy behavior changes." ...

Plants tell caterpillars when it's safe to forage

... behavior. But introducing plants changed larvae behavior under both day and night conditions. Six pots of three uninfested corn plants - plants that had never been grazed - were placed around the cups of larvae. After eight hours, about 20% more larvae went into hiding when the lights were on and plants we...

When it comes to gene transcription, random pauses aren’t quite so random, study finds

...n enzyme pauses at one DNA site, will it alter its behavior when it encounters the same sequence again? "It turns out that RNAP enzymes may have individual personalities, but no memories," Herbert explained. "That is, they exhibit a distinct behavior--they tend to pause more or less, but they don't seem to re...

Himalayan forests disappearing

...ife, we often need to plan multiple steps of motor behavior that involve selection of a series of actions," wrote the researchers. "The question arises: how are individual neurons within the PFC involved in the planning of multistep behaviors? More specifically, does the activity of PFC neurons during the pro...

The brain's executive is an 'event planner'

...ife, we often need to plan multiple steps of motor behavior that involve selection of a series of actions," wrote the researchers. "The question arises: how are individual neurons within the PFC involved in the planning of multistep behaviors? More specifically, does the activity of PFC neurons during the pro...

Time of day tempers tadpoles' response to predators

.... "The main implication of my results is that prey behavior can be influenced by both external factors---the c...ke long-term predictions about the effects of prey behavior in ecological communities." ...

Discovery of agile molecular motors could aid in treating motor neuron diseases

...ts, so understanding the puzzling aspects of their behavior in detail is necessary for building nanotechnological machines that, for example, could replace defective motors. "The ultimate goal is to find ways to treat motor neuron disease as well as other diseases that involve cellular motors and also constru...

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