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Tag: "begin" at biology news

Study offers innovative profile of enzyme that aids tumor growth

...ically their small-molecule metabolite profiles-to begin to decipher the complex metabolic and signaling networks of cancer. According to the study, one of the primary advantages of the functional proteomic technology employed (activity-based protein profiling) is that it can be used to identify inhibi...

A new understanding of how cells defend themselves against bacterial pore-forming toxins

... Once the toxin perforates the host membrane, ions begin to leak out of the cell. Sensing a drop in its potassium concentration, the cell reacts by forming a multi-protein complex known as an inflammasome. Scientists know that inflammasomes act like a sort of roving security force inside the cell, detectin...

Insulin receptor stops progression of Alzheimer's disease

...eceptors are produced separately in the brain, and begin to disappear early in Alzheimer's and continue to decline as the disease progresses. As insulin signaling breaks down, it leads to increased oxidative stress, impaired metabolism and cell death ?all causing neurodegeneration. Scientists were also pr...

International team analyzes human genetic variation in key immune region

... scientific community, provide the tools needed to begin the initial efforts toward identifying genetic risk factors in the MHC for common immune-mediated diseases. Such endeavors, involving researchers at the Montreal Heart Institute, the University of California, San Francisco and the Broad Institute of ...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...ork led Taylor, an anatomist who studies bones, to begin collaborating with van Schaik, a field biologist who studies living orangs in the wilds, to address the question of whether nutrition, brain size and interbirth intervals might be linked. Other scientists working in the 1980s had found no differenc...

A transplant in time

... therapy. But what if the body could be induced to begin producing these proteins, say by transplanting hea...uld need to be surmounted before researchers could begin to think of applying the technique to humans, the Institute team's experiment is "proof of principle...

Cougar predation key to ecosystem health

... "When park development caused cougar to begin leaving Zion Canyon in the 1930s, it allowed much higher levels of deer browsing," said Robert Beschta, an OSU professor emeritus of forest hydrology. "That set in motion a long cascade of changes that resulted in the loss of most cottonwoods along t...

Scientists work to identify genes that contribute to early heart attack risk

... angina, heart attack and stroke. This process can begin in childhood and early adult life. Doctors have known that genetic factors contribute to risk for early atherosclerosis but the exact genes involved are not yet known. "We hope the SEA study will give us new understanding about the causes of athe...

Found -- the apple gene for red

...rstanding of how apple colour is controlled we can begin to breed apples with new and interesting colour variations," she says. "We may even be able to breed apples that are better for you, though they already play an important role in a healthy diet!" The research is a collaboration between CSIRO and th...

AIDS study challenges conventional treatment guidelines for HIV patients

... one element in making decisions regarding when to begin antiretroviral therapy. Antiretroviral therapy, also known as HAART, is credited with saving millions of lives. However, potent side effects and issues of drug resistance, often cause doctors and patients to defer starting the medications, until it...

Combination therapy shows promising results in patients with advanced lung cancer

...esistance, Reckamp said. That study is expected to begin at UCLA in the fall. Reckamp's study was the first to determine the safest and most effective dose of Celebrex to use in lung cancer. Previously, doses were based on studies done in colon cancer patients. "I think the results of this early phase st...

Electric fish in Africa could be example of evolution in action

...the same geographic location but, for some reason, begin to mate selectively and form distinct groups and, ultimately, separate species. This so-called sympatric speciation is more controversial because there have been few accepted examples of it to date. "Many scientists claim it's not feasible," Arnega...

Newborn screening can cause unnecessary parental stress

...n a positive test to a parent. It would be good to begin involving obstetricians and to begin educating parents about newborn screening during the prenatal period." The study was funded by the ...

What controls stickiness of 'smart' chromosomal glue

...he process cells use to ensure that sperm and eggs begin life with exactly one copy of each chromosome ?a process that must be exquisitely regulated to prevent problems such as miscarriages and mental retardation. The new work reveals how gluelike protein complexes release pairs of chromosomes at precisely...

Knowledge of dendritic cells branches out

.... With this new knowledge, medical researchers can begin to consider the development of customized immune therapies using this new cell to target specific infections such as HIV, malaria and influenza;certain cancers; and even autoimmune diseases. Dendritic cells (or "DC" ) are specialised white blood cel...

Just like us, social stress prompts hamsters to overeat, gain weight

...del for human stress-induced obesity. They want to begin unraveling the complex factors that lead people to eat when under stress and hope that the information can eventually be used to block appetites under this common scenario. The study, "Social defeat increases food intake, body mass, and adiposity in...

Trials for new drug to overcome HIV

...land, which is developing PA-457. Panacos hopes to begin trials this month to test how well the drug works in patients whose existing drug regimes are failing. PA-457 aims to overcome this resistance by attacking HIV on new front. Many existing drugs work by blocking reverse transcriptase, an enzyme that ...

New understanding of parasite cell structures may provide treatments for serious tropical diseases

..."With better understanding of the process we could begin looking for compounds that may act as drugs by blocking the parasite's ability to respond to extracellular stress." ...

Mechanism for neurodenegerative diseases linked to transport proteins

...polyQ" diseases are characterized by symptoms that begin in middle age and by the loss of certain types of neurons through a pattern in which the neuron's terminals die before the cell body. PolyQ genes are expressed in many types of cells, but only neurons are affected. Earlier studies had linked specifi...

Mice learn tasks that may help treat human psychiatric disorders

...ion in people. "The data collected in this study begin to solve the problem of not having a way of measuring these neurological mechanisms in mice," Garner said. "Previously we were not able to measure this fundamental disease process in autism, trichotillomania (hair pulling), obsessive-compulsive disor...

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