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Tag: "begin" at biology news

New fMRI technology making brain tumor surgery safer

...imply guessed at where critical areas of the brain begin and end. First and foremost, they are trained to understand the fundamentals of the brain’s anatomy. But boundaries are not always clear, and the growth of a tumor can cause functional areas to shift from their original locations. Large tumors can ca...

A potential biological cause for sudden infant death syndrome

...inney believe that the abnormalities they observed begin during early fetal development, and that prenatal insults like maternal smoking and alcohol use may adversely affect development of the brainstem serotonin system during this time. More research is needed to explain what causes the abnormalities and...

By 2048 all current fish, seafood species projected to collapse

...ccelerating," said lead author Boris Worm. "Now we begin to see some of the consequences. For example, if the long-term trend continues, all fish and seafood species are projected to collapse within my lifetime -- by 2048." Worm is an assistant professor of marine conservation biology at Dalhousie Universi...

How fish mend a broken heart

...re-cardiac cells form. Those progenitor cells then begin to differentiate and divide, to replace the damaged heart muscle. In the second step, the epicardium surrounding the heart chambers "lights up" with activity as developmental genes switch on, Poss said. The epicardium expands to rapidly cover the w...

Key to zebrafish heart regeneration uncovered

...y the third day after injury, the epicardial cells begin to cover the injury site, a process that takes app...two weeks. The precursor cells within the blastema begin to differentiate into cardiac muscle cells and proliferate within the first three to four days after...

Neuron cell stickiness may hold key to evolution of the human brain

...l cell adhesion gene expression is a good place to begin exploring the molecular basis of how humans became so cognitively advanced in the 5 to 6 million years since we shared a common ancestor with chimps." ...

Why don't all moles progress to melanoma?

... Scientists know that 30 percent of all melanomas begin in a mole. They know that 90 percent of moles contain cancer-causing mutations. What scientists didn't know is how melanocytes stop these mutations from triggering the development of cancer. Maria S. Soengas, Ph.D., and other scientists in the Mult...

Math model predicts cancer behavior

...s an initial effort. It is sophisticated enough to begin capturing tumor behavior, without being so complic... is to have a much nastier tumor than there was to begin with," Quaranta said. There is anecdotal evidence, he added, to support the idea that changes to the...

Researchers seek to design first treatment for neuroAIDS

...s toxins that signal too many human nerve cells to begin programmed cell death (apoptosis), a normally healthy process where old or damaged cells chose to die and be recycled. Furthermore, nerve cells exposed to HIV may lose their ability to pass on nerve signals long before the virus causes them to self-d...

Lost in the labyrinth

...t the right time, they're very likely to die or to begin an inappropriate type of reproduction. Acute leukemias and other forms of cancer cells derive from defects such as this. Understanding the processes by which they form will require pinpointing the forks in the road where things go wrong." ...

Vanishing beetle horns have surprise function

... differences in adult appearance, all four species begin to grow horns as larvae -- regardless of sex, Moczek found. The hornlessness of some adult beetles is therefore not the result of an inability to make horns, Moczek says, but the reshaping or reabsorption of horn tissue before the beetles become adul...

Transplanted photoreceptor precursor cells restore visual function in mice with retinal degeneration

...d Kellogg scientists to illuminate the rods, which begin as unspecified cells and gradually differentiate i...etina. "Perhaps within the next five years we will begin to see the first steps toward retinal cell transplants for people with blinding eye disease," says ...

'Empty nester' parent birds use recruitment calls to extend offspring care

...d that care ends when the young leave the nest and begin to forage for themselves. In many species, however, parents and young continue to associate with one another beyond this point of nutritional independence. Because juveniles are poor foragers, they might benefit from staying close to experienced adul...

Brown scientists map structure of DNA-doctoring protein complex

...al article. "And once you know their function, you begin to see how the real work inside cells gets done." Sun said solving the structure of the DNA-protein complex called for some creativity. Because it is a string of six proteins, the complex is too big and too flexible to analyze through standard met...

Molecules in blood foretell development of preeclampsia

...essure and protein in the urine. Preeclampsia may begin with mild symptoms, then progress to severe preecl...ial substances, the cells lining the blood vessels begin to sicken and die. As a result, the blood pressure increases, and the blood vessels leach protein i...

Natural protein stops deadly human brain cancer in mice

...dy. Olivi says clinical studies using BMP4 could begin within a year and, if successful, drug therapies could be available to the public within three to four years. "This was proof of the idea that BMPs could stop glioblastoma by depleting the stem-cell-like population that feeds it," says Henry Brem, ...

T-beta-RIII joins the fight against breast cancer

...breast cancer and loss of T-beta-RIII was found to begin before tumors became invasive, the authors suggest that analysis of T-beta-RIII levels might help clinicians decide how aggressively to treat their patients. ...

Sea urchin genome suprisingly similar to man and may hold key to cures

... said. "Multiply that hundreds of times and you begin to understand the level of complexity involved in ...w how these biological processes work, then we can begin to figure out how to intercede to repair and to heal," Calestani said. "It holds a lot of promise." ...

Genetic surprise confirms neglected 70-year-old evolutionary hypothesis

... genes jump around in the genome, a population can begin creating individuals that can't successfully mate with the general population. If other speciation pressures, like geographic isolation, are added to the mix, the pressure may be enough to split one species into two new species. When asked if JYAlph...

'Erectile dysfunction' drugs heighten natural anti-cancer activity

... The investigators are planning human studies to begin in the next year. ...

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