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Tag: "basis" at biology news

Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV

...ugs for each individual would be determined on the basis of their gene characteristics....

Nicotine rush hinges on sugar in neurons

... the cell membrane, Chen said. But the molecular basis of such a wave in nAChR or any other protein has not been clearly established. Instead, the Chen group’s study of crystal structure suggested a simple mechanical role for sugar molecules attached to the surface of the receptor. “They serve as the...

Cells re-energize to come back from the brink of death

...nnot undergo apoptosis. That strategy would be the basis of novel anti-cancer drugs. The St. Jude study was conducted in culture dishes in which normal cells were exposed to cancer drugs or other agents that triggered apoptosis. The researchers then blocked apoptosis in order to study CICD. “The GAPDH r...

Largest synthetic gene ever built offers insights into anti-malarial drug resistance

...st system, we can work to understand the molecular basis of anti-malarial drug resistance, providing insight into how future drugs might be designed to effectively kill the parasite," said Paul Roepe, Ph.D., a professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Cellular & Molecular Biology as well as the D...

Researchers shed light on shrinking of chromosomes

...l new insights into timing, function and molecular basis of chromosome condensation. What happens when chromosomes are not correctly separated and distributed during cell division we know very well; two daughter cells with either broken chromosomes or different numbers of chromosomes result and severe dis...

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

...esent in the blood of normal individuals. The basis for the selective recognition of oligomers by these antibodies appears to be their capacity to recognize the oligomer's misfolded shape. "That was a surprise, because most antibodies work by recognizing some aspect of the chemical structure of th...

Runners -- Let thirst be your guide

... goal of the group is to understand the biological basis of EAH, and in that way, assure that no athlete ever succumbs to it again. A number of marathon runners have died from EAH, including one at this year’s London Marathon in April. One recent study found that 13 percent of Boston marathon runners suffe...

Fat fish put obesity on the hook

...fish allows scientists to understand the molecular basis of disease. This may ultimately increase the efficiency and power of the drug discovery process, thus bringing new medicines to the market faster and cheaper.” In the study, researchers caused obesity in zebrafish by introducing the same type of ...

How 'memory' T cells curb the spread of viruses throughout the body

... the virology and pathology programs, provides the basis whereby memory CD8 T cells do, in fact, prevent viral diseases. CD8 T cells normally reside in lymphoid organs such as the lymph nodes. It was thought that to protect from disease, memory CD8 T cells needed first to multiply in the lymph nodes and...

Electric fish conduct electric duets in aquatic courtship

...ploration of such topics as mate choice and neural basis of pattern generation in these fish," explained Hopkins, noting that the next step in the research will be to decode the fish transmissions and unravel their meaning....

Researchers develop buckyballs to fight allergy

...oxidative stress, which experts believe may be the basis of aging. “The immune system both protects us and causes harm, so we are always interested in finding new pathways to help manage the harmful effects,” said Kepley....

Genome of Clostridium botulinum reveals the background to world's deadliest toxin

...C. botulinum toxin stops nerves from working — the basis of its use in medicine to control tremors and in cosmetic treatments. For the prey of its opportunistic attacks, death is swift. Perhaps the most important tool it has to act out its stealth attacks is its ability to hibernate when times are hard by ...

HIV and malaria combine to adversely affect pregnant women and their infants

...iversity of Toronto researchers have uncovered the basis by which pregnant women protect themselves against malaria and have also discovered how the HIV virus works to counteract this defence. The research could lead to improved vaccines for pregnant women in malaria-ravished regions. Malaria is a parasit...

Statin treatment improves spatial memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's

...discovered new information about the neurochemical basis of the beneficial effects. Various studies have found evidence of a strong relationship between memory deficits and high levels of cholesterol in the brain, suggesting that statin’s effects on memory might be due to a reduction in cholesterol biosynt...

Mice with a migraine show signs of brain damage

...rocess is now considered by many scientists as the basis for some migraines, particularly those involving an aura. CSD is an electrical event that initially involves a burst of intense activity among the neurons on the surface of the brain, followed by a gradually spreading wave of suppressed brain cell ac...

Chronic fatigue syndrome impairs a person's slow wave activity during sleep

... Therefore, our results cannot be explained on the basis of depression." Experts recommend that adults get between seven and eight hours of sleep each night to maintain good health and optimum performance. Persons who think they might have a sleep disorder are urged to consult with their primary car...

First clinical trial of gene therapy for childhood blindness

...rst human trial are likely to provide an important basis for many more gene therapy protocols in the future, as well as potentially leading to an effective treatment for a rare but debilitating disease." ...

Gene mutation linked to cognition is found only in humans

... They note that in order to understand the genetic basis that underlies the traits that set humans apart from nonhuman primates, recent studies have focused on identifying genes that have been positively selected during human evolution. They conclude, "The present results underscore the potential importanc...

New Brandeis research sheds light on memory by erasing it

For years, scientists have studied the molecular basis of memory storage, trying to find the molecules that store memory, just as DNA stores genetic memory. In an important study published this week in the Journal of Neuroscience, Brandeis University researchers report for the first time that memory stor...

Egyptians, not Greeks were true fathers of medicine

...s still used in cough remedies while aloes forms a basis to soothe and heal skin conditions." Fellow res... continuing on a genetic, chemical and comparative basis to compare the medicinal plants of ancient Egypt with modern species and to investigate similarities...

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