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Tag: "based" at biology news

Discovery of 'master switch' for the communication process between chloroplast and nuclei of plants

... can activate or de-activate certain sets of genes based on stress signaling processes. "One of our suggestions in the paper is that ABI4 seems like a prime candidate to be the ‘master switch,? Koussevitzky said. "ABI4 binds to a newly identified sequence motif, and by doing so prevents light-induced re...

Get a whiff of this: Smell test could sniff out serious health problems

...ngologists and neurologists. “The whole test is based on the very simple observation that when you sniff and you detect a smell, you take a smaller sniff than if you inhaled and didn’t detect a smell,?Frank explains. “For someone with normal sense of smell, the size of the sniff when detecting an odor i...

York mathematician probes geometric route to combat viruses

..., mathematicians and computer scientists, which is based in the Department of Biology at York. ...

Deconstructing brain wiring, one neuron at a time

..., Young immediately suggested the answer, which is based on an avian viral receptor that Young discovered as a postdoctoral fellow at UCSF. The protein that ordinarily coats rabies virus particles was replaced with its equivalent from a bird virus. This prevented the modified rabies virus from infecting ma...

NIDA study identifies genes that might help some people abstain from smoking

...ailoring individualized drug therapy for addiction based on an individual’s unique genetic makeup. “Thi...re providers choose the most appropriate treatment based on individual differences.? Dr. Uhl and his colleagues performed a genome-wide analysis on the DNA...

Scientists see DNA get 'sunburned' for the first time

...to observe the DNA damage. Transient absorption is based on the idea that molecules absorb light at specific wavelengths, and it allows researchers to study events that happen in less than a picosecond. They took specially designed strands of DNA -- ones made solely of thymine bases, in order to boost t...

Scientists identify pancreatic cancer stem cells

...ls in a human pancreatic tumor, and we think that, based on some preliminary research, standard treatments like chemotherapy and radiation may not be touching these cells," said Simeone. "If that is why pancreatic cancer is so hard to treat, a new approach might be to design a drug that specifically target...

NIH researchers discover protein that appears to regulate bone mass loss, the cause of osteoporosis

...porting new insights into the biology of bone loss based on a study of 14 people with a rare genetic disorder called X-linked Hyper IgM Syndrome. X-linked Hyper IgM Syndrome strikes about one in a million American--all males--and is caused by a deficiency in an important immune system protein known as CD...

Jefferson scientists find rabies-based vaccine could be effective against HIV

... virus used cannot cause disease. Such vectors are based on a type of rabies vaccine strain that has been used for more than 20 years in oral vaccines against rabies in wildlife in Europe. The study was aimed at studying the safety and effectiveness of the rabies vaccine approach against HIV and related di...

Ancient genes used to produce salt-tolerant wheat

...RO team used a highly accurate selection method -- based on their understanding of how plants tolerate salt -- to identify wheat varieties that could cope with higher salinity. They were particularly interested in the premium-priced durum wheat, which is much more salt-sensitive than bread wheat. "We sc...

Red flag for repetitive stress injuries identified for first time in humans

...ders can diagnose repetitive motion injuries (RMI) based only on physical examination findings and the symptoms reported by the patient. Typically, RMI sufferers don't experience symptoms of pain until the damage has begun. So the researchers' main goal has been finding a means to detect the problem bef...

Gene tests and brain imaging reveal early dementia

...ost from treatment in good time." The method is based on the well-established fact that the APOE protein affects the risk of developing Alzheimer's. APOE is a lipid-transporting protein important in, amongst other things, the repair of cerebral neurons. Roughly one person in five carries a genetically d...

Gene found for rare disorder may reveal new pathway in mental retardation

...d to have CdLS or a milder variant of the disease, based on evaluations by clinical geneticists. Of the 115 patients, 11 had mutations in the SMC1A or SMC3 gene. All had some degree of mental retardation, but none had limb abnormalities. Five of the 11 patients had normal height, whereas only 5 percent...

Mutation improves memory, may lead to memory-enhancing pill

...emory for the earlier bad experience is determined based on how much they freeze in response to the "scary" place or sound 24 hr later. Importantly, the researchers also showed that treatment of animals with a small molecule that increases eIF2a's phosphorylation led to poorer performance on the memory ...

The sturdier sex? -- Study by Pittsburgh scientists finds female stem cells work better

... in regenerative capabilities of muscle stem cells based on sex. This finding could have a major impact on the successful development of stem cells as viable therapies for a variety of diseases and conditions, according to the study’s senior author, Johnny Huard, PhD, director of the Stem Cell Research ...

Imaging pinpoints brain regions that 'see the future'

...ng oneself in a specific future event, an activity based within and reliant upon the same neurally distribu...e neural mechanisms. Previous speculation has been based largely on the anecdotal observation of very young children, cases of severe depression and brain d...

It's OK for men with high blood pressure to have a drink or two, new study finds

... 2, 2007, issue of Annals of Internal Medicine, is based on data from the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study. It found that men with high blood pressure can have one or two drinks a day without increasing risk for heart attack or stroke. "Men diagnosed with hypertension probably get a lot of advice on...

Horse genome assembled

....gov/SNP ). The initial sequencing assembly is based on 6.8-fold coverage of the horse genome, which means, on average, each base pair has been sequenced almost seven times over. Researchers can access the horse genome sequence data through the following public databases: GenBank ( www.ncbi.nih.gov/Gen...

LIAI completes world's most comprehensive analysis on influenza virus data

... is that most of the current influenza research is based on strains maintained in the lab, rather than wild...ntial pathogen in humans," Wilson said. "However, based on this information, I think the research community will pursue data directly relevant to human immu...

Tracking sperm whales and jumbo squid

...e world," said Gilly, an authority on squid who is based at Stanford’s Hopkins Marine Station. "It’s very rare to find a place like the Gulf of California where you can actually see sperm whales together with their prey," added Davis, an expert on marine mammal behavior. "I can’t think of another place ...

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