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Tag: "base" at biology news

Variation in bitter-taste receptor gene increases risk for alcoholism

...he response to bitter tastes. They found a single base variation in the TAS2R16 receptor gene that seemed to put people at an increased risk for alcoholism. In cell culture experiments, Goate found that the variant receptor produced by this gene was less responsive to bitter compounds. "The more common ...

Relationship of brain and skull more than just packaging

...ear the top of the brain and boney features at the base of the skull." To look at the correlations between the skull and the brain, the researchers first had to find locations that could be accurately found again and again. Locating reliable markers was easier on the rigid skull than on the brain. Co-aut...

Sociality of sweat bees evolved simultaneously during climate change

...nces, used both fossils as well as more than 2,300 base pairs of DNA sequences from three genes to infer the evolutionary history, or phylogeny, of the family's eusocial lineages and their relatives. The DNA sequencing sheds light on how divergent the various species are from each other, and the fossils a...

Two NIH initiatives launch intensive efforts to find roots of common diseases

...t normally occur in the order of the 3 billion DNA base pairs or letters that make up a person's genome. SNPs are like single-letter misspellings of a word. Most of these genetic variations are biologically meaningless. But a small fraction of these SNPs alter the function of a gene ?often only slightly. ...

Cracking the genetic code for control of gene expression

...c DNA is merely a list of millions and millions of base pairs, A's, C's, G's and T's one after the other. Based on the universal code by which DNA encodes amino acids, we can make sense of the constantly increasing amout of DNA sequence data as far as it encodes proteins. This code was solved in 1966 and...

When good DNA goes bad

... jutting out left and right, and the all important base pairs that hold the DNA code zigzagging in a jagged zipper shape. Scientists call this left-hand twist Z-DNA. This is a far cry from the graceful right-hand twisted helix that has become an iconic symbol of biology. It just doesn't look right, and it...

NHGRI announces new sequencing targets

...ry cousin to monkeys, apes, and humans. NHGRI will base the choice of the eight mammals to be sequenced on...to pinpoint the roughly 5 percent of the 3-billion base pair human genome that is most obviously functional. According to computer modeling results, it is e...

Common enzyme is a key player in DNA repair

... adds its chemical partner, C, to form the correct base pair in the new chromosome. "It was a pretty striking result," Walker said. "Not only did DinB copy over the damaged G nucleotide, it was 10 to 15 times better at copying the damaged G than copying the undamaged G. Up until now, it didn't look like ...

Illinois pig to make history as source of first complete swine genome

...ions. Sequencing of the some 2.5 billion chemical base pairs that spell out the pig's genetic code will be done at the Wellcome Trust Sanger Institute in the United Kingdom. The groundwork for the project has grown over time at Illinois, through extensive swine research, the development of genetic tools ...

On a fly's wing, scientists tally evolution's winners and losses

...e way to evolve faster is not by making changes in base pairs (the chemicals that make up DNA), but by changing chunks of genome," said Lupski. The sequencing of chromosome 17 and mouse chromosome 11 was an international effort involving researchers from around the globe. ...

Mouse to man: The story of chromosomes

...e way to evolve faster is not by making changes in base pairs (the chemicals that make up DNA), but by changing chunks of genome," said Lupski. The sequencing of chromosome 17 and mouse chromosome 11 was an international effort involving researchers from around the globe. ...

Study suggests that publicly available genome data may contain small but significant errors

...robes--a sequence of DNA which in this case was 70 base pairs long. Each of the 70 base pairs is unique in the target organism's genome and serves as a landmark in that genome. These probe...

Genome sequencing is for ecologists, too

...neration time and small genome (a mere 200 million base pairs) makes it an ideal organism for laboratory and field studies of how environments influence -- and how they're influenced by -- an organism's genetics. The animals are common in lakes and ponds and have been used to monitor the health of aquatic...

'Uniquely human' component of language found in gregarious birds

...g. These songs were built up from a rattle-warble base by adding rattle-warble pairs at the end. The sim...ontext-free sequence also began with rattle-warble base (ab) but built up by inserting new sounds in the middle, such as rattle-Rattle-Warble-warble (aABb)....

Detection of DNA on nanotubes offers new sensing, sequencing technologies

...neous binding of two complementary strands through base pair matching. By wrapping one strand of DNA around the surface of a carbon nanotube, the researchers can create a sensor that is targeted for a particular piece of complementary DNA. When the complementary DNA then binds to the DNA probe, the nanot...

Tiny polyps gorge themselves to survive coral bleaching

...victims are some of the tiniest creatures near the base of the undersea ecosystem. Despite the apparent sturdiness of coral reefs, the creatures themselves are quite fragile. These tropical organisms survive in a narrow 4-to-6-degree C temperature range centered about 26 degrees C. While the exact tempe...

Vaccine provides 100 percent protection against avian flu virus in animal study

...nary research team sequenced a total of 64 million base pairs, or subunits, of DNA from microbes and viruses they collected at each depth. In the process, they discovered thousands of new genes from novel and ecologically abundant microbes and found evidence of frequent gene exchange between organisms. Th...

Wyoming cloud seeding experiment begins this month

...nary research team sequenced a total of 64 million base pairs, or subunits, of DNA from microbes and viruses they collected at each depth. In the process, they discovered thousands of new genes from novel and ecologically abundant microbes and found evidence of frequent gene exchange between organisms. Th...

Sequencing our seas

...nary research team sequenced a total of 64 million base pairs, or subunits, of DNA from microbes and viruses they collected at each depth. In the process, they discovered thousands of new genes from novel and ecologically abundant microbes and found evidence of frequent gene exchange between organisms. Th...

Forgotten by evolution?

...ications of the DNA others than alterations of the base sequence like DNA-methylation and changes of the chromatin). In the differentiation toward skeleton musculature, the scientists indeed saw characteristic features of the skeletal muscle cells. It never came, however, to the point that true, multi-nu...

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