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Tag: "base" at biology news

Biologists find regions of rice domestication

... varied combinations of chemical subunits known as base pairs. Londo, Schaal and their collaborators conc... and wild rice types that ranged from 800 to 1,300 base pairs. Cultivated rice has a genetic signature that defines it as cultivated, Schaal explained. "...

Links between DNA damage and breast cancer studied

...py) to reveal subtle conformational changes to DNA base and backbone structures. Such alterations to the molecular structure can change or disrupt gene expression. The team identified a unique oxidation-induced lesion in the DNA of breast epithelium, myoepithelium and stroma and found that the highest ...

Arctic expedition will investigate alien-like glacier

...ier by helicopter and set up a small camp near the base of the glacier where they will study the spring and acquire numerous water, mineral and rock samples. ...

'Pinball protons' created by ultraviolet rays and other causes can lead to DNA damage

...emoval of a proton from the Guanine-Cytosine (G-C) base pair is involved in creating lesions that can lead... hydrogen bonds, of which there are two in the G-C base pair. (The Adenine-Thymine pair has three hydrogen bonds.) "Our real goal is to examine all possibl...

When it comes to gene transcription, random pauses aren’t quite so random, study finds

...y chemically copying ("transcribing") the gene one base at a time. RNAP will continue moving along the DNA strand until the entire gene sequence is transcribed onto the encoded RNA, which then serves as a template for building the actual protein. Nanotechnology To observe RNAP in action, Block and hi...

MatBase -- A new transcription factor knowledge base released by Genomatix

...iptional regulation, releases MatBase, a knowledge base of transcription factors (TF). It contains genom...n 80% of our matrices match less than once in 1000 base pairs of random DNA sequences", she continues. MatInspector employs the weight matrix descriptions ...

A new look at the state of the oceans

... the current projects within her field is the data base PLANKTON*NET. Free access to the plankton data base PLANKTON*NET is an online data base illustrating plankton organisms both visually and contextually...

Structure determined for p53 tumor suppressor protein as bound to DNA for anti-cancer activity

...e used a chemical trick in which we modified a DNA base to allow it to attach directly to a part of the protein's core domain. That allowed us to trap the form of the p53 dimer that's compatible with DNA binding. And we solved the structure. We saw what it looked like." ...

Completed genome set to transform the cow

..., the new bovine sequence contains 2.9 billion DNA base pairs and incorporates one-third more data than ea...ier versions. Differences in just one of these base pairs (known as single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs) can affect the functioning of a gene and me...

NHGRI announces latest sequencing targets

...to pinpoint the roughly 5 percent of the 3-billion base pair human genome that is most obviously functional. The seven mammals to be sequenced are: the nine-banded armadillo (Dasypus novemcinctus); domestic cat (Felis catus); guinea pig (Cavia porcellus); African savannah elephant (Loxodont...

Nutrition a major factor in rise in twin pregnancies

...l increase in MZ twinning, but starting from a low base ?much lower than with natural conceptions", said Professor Jansen. "Our study shows for the first time that the increase we've seen coincides with improving culture conditions and that it started before any manipulation of the zona ?the 'shell' of ...

Mitochondrial DNA sequencing tool updated

...ochondrial genome. The genome consisted of 16,568 base pair, or units, of DNA and encoded 37 contiguous g...ginal Mitochip's 96 percent success rate assigning base calls, there was room for improvement. Led by Drs. Shaoyu Zhou and Keyaunoosh Kassauei, the Hopkins...

Ocean acidification threatens cold-water coral ecosystems

... marine plankton use carbonate ions and occupy the base of most marine food webs, so a reduction in their numbers could lead to harmful effects throughout marine ecosystems." Only a decrease in the burning of fossil fuels is likely to slow this trend, say Guinotte and colleagues. ...

Alaska seal pup diet may hold key to decline of population

...e low fat group. Both groups received an identical base diet, including pollock, squid, and capelin, all of which contain less than 4% fat. The remainder of the diet was herring. The low fat group received herring that contained less than 6% lipids, while the high fat group received herring that was 16% ...

Nanopore method could revolutionize genome sequencing

...the DNA passed through the pore. Because each DNA base is structurally and chemically different, each base creates its own distinct electronic signature. Previous attempts to sequence DNA using nanopores we...

Study finds 60 new genes controlled by DNA snippet

...human genetic material consists of about 3 billion base pairs, the "letters" that make up the genetic code...s. DNA segments that code for proteins average 200 base pairs in length, whereas regulatory sequences typically include just six to 10 base pairs, making th...

Enzyme crystal structure reveals 'unexpected' genome repair functions

...amage from a variety of sources that occurs to its base pairs of nucleotides. It is estimated that in every human cell more than 10,000 DNA bases are repaired each day, making NER critically important for cell survival and protection against mutations. NER is a critical defense mechanism that removes DNA ...

History of human cannibalism eats away at researchers

.... Bertranpetit and his colleagues sequenced 2,378 base pairs of the PRNP gene in 174 individuals; in addition, they genotyped two SNPs (or single nucleotide polymorphisms) from the PRNP gene in 1000 individuals from populations worldwide. They identified 28 different haplotypes ?or combinations of D...

Where 'jumping genes' fear to tread

...e human genome ?separated, on average, by only 500 base pairs. But Dr. John Mattick's laboratory at the U...erved regions, or genomic segments longer than 200 base pairs with 100% identity between human, mouse, and rat. All of these observations strongly support ...

The diversity of marine life in the Gulf of Maine region is much greater than previously thought

...ing from single-celled forms to kelp, that are the base of the marine food chain). Most are tiny. One teaspoon of seawater can hold more than a million phytoplankton (tiny plants that float with currents). Phytoplankton also are the species that give otherwise blue oceans (reflecting the color of the sk...

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