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Tag: "barrier" at biology news

Study: Living coral reefs provide better protection from tsunami waves

...but if you want to quantify the effectiveness of a barrier reef around a particular island, you'd want to model that island directly," Kunkel said. ...

Rhesus monkeys in Nepal may provide new alternative for HIV/AIDS research

...en the past history of the area and the geographic barrier of the Himalayan Mountains that separates Nepal and India from China. To facilitate the use of rhesus macaques in research while ensuring the conservation of Nepal's naturally occurring rhesus populations, the Nepali government enacted a policy in 2...

Study defines effective microbicide design for HIV/AIDS prevention

...els that might provide a more substantial physical barrier to HIV. ...

Nanosecond-scale release of stinging jellyfish nematocysts

...fective release mechanism that breaks the physical barrier of the prey's outer-surface tissue. It was known already that a high pressure (15 MPa) drives nematocyst discharge, and that stylets can penetrate even thick crustacean shells. However, neither the kinetics nor the forces involved were known, simply ...

OHSU study says stem cell 'fusion' occurs in tumors

...ression. "The intestinal lining is the protective barrier between your body and the outside environment. The...tical that regeneration and reestablishment of the barrier occurs rapidly. We think that cell fusion with bone marrow cells is the body's way of jump-starting ...

Report focuses on the role good microbes play in future medicine

...The organisms help reinforce the natural bacterial barrier that exists on the lining of the digestive tract providing additional protection against pathogenic organisms that can cause diarrhea. "Several probiotics have been shown to shorten the duration of acute watery diarrhea caused by rotavirus in childr...

Bone marrow may restore cells lost in vision diseases

...tal role in our visual health by forming the outer barrier of the retina and supporting the function of cells that receive light. Damage to RPE is present in many diseases of the retina, including age-related macular degeneration, which affects more than 1.75 million people in the United States. With eviden...

Smokers invite to test vaccine against nicotine addiction

...tine molecules no longer can cross the blood-brain barrier and enter the brain. "With little or no nicotine reaching the brain, smoking is less rewarding. That gives the smoker a chance to change the behavioral and social factors that also influence smoking," said Victor Reus, MD, principal investigator ...

Species unique to tidal marshes face threats

...asts that are protected within estuaries or behind barrier islands. They are most common in North America and China. Some tidal marsh species are protected from high salinity by relatively impermeable skin, and others have kidneys that can concentrate salts from large volumes of water or specialized glands t...

A sweet solution for Alzheimer's disease?

...other hand, readily passes through the blood-brain barrier where it is made available to the central nervous system. Even if scyllo-inositol does prove safe and effective in humans, patients will likely still need drugs designed to attack other aspects of Alzheimer's pathology, such as tau neurofibrillary t...

Funding and bureaucracy, not access to journals, are chief obstacles to scientific productivity

...ack of "open access" to journal content is a major barrier to scientific productivity. A survey of 883 biomedical scientists ?in Europe and North America - commissioned by the Publishing Research Consortium found that aside from lack of resources, a 'stop-go' funding culture prohibits scientists from ini...

EGF receptor activation prevents microbes from going more than skin deep

Our skin not only serves as a physical barrier against infection but skin cells themselves can mount an immune response to kill invading microbes by producing antimicrobial polypeptides (AMPs). As overt infection in the skin is a rare event, researchers have theorized that AMPs must not only hel...

Spinal cord bridge bypasses injury to restore mobility

...in scars at the lesion site. These scars act as a barrier to regenerating axons and result in loss of the ability to breathe or move arms or legs, depending upon the injury site. Silver said the medical community also assumed that the cut axon tips died when they hit the scar wall. In prior research in h...

BGSU biologist trying to crack microscopic code

...hich are cloaked by an outer membrane--a defensive barrier against the harsh elements of their environment, w...t of the organism. How the bacteria maintain their barrier when it's physically removed from the rest of the cell, and thus separated from its energy source, i...

Use of stone hammers sheds light on geographic patterns of chimpanzee tool use

...k open nuts more than 1700 km east of the supposed barrier challenges this long-accepted model. According to the authors of the study, the discontinuous distribution of the nut-cracking behavior may indicate that the original "culture zone" was larger, and nut-cracking behavior has become extinct between the...

Viral genetic differences are possible key to HIV dementia

...antiretroviral regimens that cross the blood-brain barrier into the CNS most efficiently." Or, he speculates, "we might actually try to design a drug to target these genetic variants that are responsible for the neurological damage." Pillai notes that the issue of HIV dementia is particularly important in...

Researchers find molecular 'brake' to cell death

...," he says. "No one had ever realized this kind of barrier existed to impede apoptosis." They found that cell mitochondria needed to release a large and sustained volume of CC to overcome this nucleotide barrier, and they also found evidence that as soon as the release of CC increases, another mechanism kic...

How low can you go? Ants learn to limbo

... that the ants visually assessed the height of the barrier and learned how to lower their body enough to craw...ithout stopping", explains Tobias Seidl, "When the barrier was made invisible to them, they had to use their antennae to examine it". The researchers motivate...

Healing honey: The sweet evidence revealed

...ry recognizable substance. Molan concludes, "the barrier to using honey that has existed for many clinicians who have been constrained to using only licensed products has been removed now that honey is available in the form of various sterile products licensed for use in wound care. Clinicians should check...

Molecular force field helps cancer cells defend against attack

...e that bonds with a protein, creating a protective barrier that deflects damage from radiation or chemotherapy and promotes tumor cell survival. But in laboratory experiments, UF scientists were able to block the union, and the malignant cells died. The findings are opening new avenues of research that could...

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