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Tag: "bacterium" at biology news

Einstein researchers identify new way that bacteria develop resistance to antibiotics

...cine have discovered a novel strategy by which the bacterium that causes tuberculosis may soon be able to resist the effects of antibiotics known as fluoroquinolones. The finding explains why several disease-causing microbes, including Shigella and E. coli, are rapidly becoming resistant to fluoroquinolones. ...

A radical solution for environmental pollution

...investigated the chemical reactions that allow the bacterium Thauera aromatica to live on toluene as its sole source of carbon and energy. "Toluene is a by-product of oil refining, so there's quite a lot of environmental contamination with this and related hydrocarbons, from refineries or chemical plants," Ma...

Breast tumors in mice eradicated using cancer vaccine

... shown that by using a cancer vaccine based on the bacterium Listeria monocytogenes, they can cure mice with established breast tumors. Cancer vaccines, which are more properly described as immunotherapy, work by boosting an immune response against tumor-associated antigens. Using Listeria, the researchers, ...

Study: Plants use dual defense system to fight pathogens

...with a bacterial strain of Pseudomonas syringae, a bacterium that usually infects tomato crops. Both Arabidopsis, a plant of the mustard family, and P. syringae are models that researchers commonly use to conduct basic plant research. One of the immune pathways that interested the researchers recognizes what ...

Quick identification needed to save Florida's citrus industry from devastating disease

... decline, and possibly die within a few years. The bacterium is spread by an insect, the citrus psyllid. "Although there is no cure for citrus greening, it is vital that plant pathologists work with growers to quickly identify the disease and its insect hosts," said Ronald Brlansky, professor and plant pathol...

Hurricane aftermath: Infectious disease threats from common, not exotic, diseases

...r blood poisoning (septicemia); V. vulnificus is a bacterium that is normally present in Gulf Coast waters and is usually contracted by eating tainted seafood. It is primarily a threat to people with weakened immune systems or liver dysfunction. The CDC has confirmed 15 infections with V. vulnificus, 3 of whi...

Discovery that bacterium is phosphate gourmet key clue to what makes it most social of bacteria

...orth looked at the signalling pathways used by the bacterium to process information to switch actions on or off...rnia at Davis, Dr Whitworth found that in fact the bacterium was using all three pathways and part of a further fourth pathway in combination, to detect and util...

Dendritic cells offer new therapeutic target for drugs to treat MS and other autoimmune disease

...sts also revealed that mice infected with a potent bacterium survived after treatment with CEP-701. Additional authors include Peter A. Calabresi, Erin McCadden, Bao Nguyen, David Kardian, Tianhong Wang, Claudio Mosse and Drew M. Pardoll from Johns Hopkins. ...

A bug's life: Exceptional genomic stability yet rapid protein evolution in a carpenter ant mutualist

... symbiotic relationships are obligate; neither the bacterium nor its host can live without the other. Wernegreen's group focused on the bacterium Blochmannia, which has lived inside Camponotus and related ant genera for the past 30 million years ...

New discovery: If it weren't for this enzyme, decomposing pesticide would take millennia

CHAPEL HILL ?An enzyme inside a bacterium that grows in the soil of potato fields can -- in a split second -- break down residues of a common powerful pesticide used for killing worms on potatoes, researchers have found. That may be expensive for farmers but lucky for the environment becaus...

Living anti-HIV gel shows early promise

...bes into human bodies. Rao's team used a strain of bacterium that is already used in the United States as a live treatment for bowel disorders such as Crohn's disease. Berger points out, however, that the possibility of genes transferring from the GM bacteria to other microbes in the body carries a potential ...

Kenya halts first field trials of GM maize

... plants, which incorporate genetic material from a bacterium called Bacillus thuringiensis, have already been grown under experimental conditions in IRMA's US$12 million 'biosafety' greenhouse ( see $12 million greenhouse signals Kenyan GM commitment ). When the first IRMA maize seeds were sown outside in Ma...

Plant wounds trigger bacteria

... tumor? The answer appears to lie in a common soil bacterium that is able to "smell" the wound and speed up the...lication of the genes necessary for disease." The bacterium A. tumefaciens employs a large tumor-inducing plasmid to do its dirty deed. The plasmid is a ring ...

New molecule may aid in production of biofuels and fungi-resistant plants

...eagues investigated chitin degradation by the soil bacterium Serratia marcescens. They discovered that in addition to producing chitinases, the bacterium also make a protein called CBP21 which binds to and disrupts the chitin polymer making it more acces...

Brazilians sequence genes of pig and poultry killers

...illion each year. Mycoplasma synoviae is a related bacterium that causes respiratory disease in chickens and tu...in and determine which genes and proteins help the bacterium kill pigs. Edmundo Grisard of the Federal University of Santa Catarina told SciDev.Net that the sci...

Student scientists create living bacterial photographs

...ter screen switching between white and black, each bacterium either produced black pigment or didn't, based on whether it was growing in a light or dark place in the dish. The resulting images are a collection of all the bacteria responding to the pattern of light. E. coli are found naturally in the dark con...

NIAID researchers show how promising TB drug works

...ermined how a promising drug candidate attacks the bacterium that causes tuberculosis (TB). Published online th...htm .) PA-824 must be chemically activated in the bacterium before it exerts its anti-tubercular effect, notes Dr. Barry. Earlier research had sketched out the ...

Bacteria which sense the Earth's magnetic field

...ts them to the Earth's magnetic field. The entire bacterium is oriented like a compass needle inside the magne...igating magnetosome formation in the magnetotactic bacterium Magnetospirillum gryphiswaldense, which the scientists found in the mud of a creek at Greifswald, in...

Seaweed yields new compounds with pharmaceutical potential

...ncentrations of the compounds required to kill the bacterium would be harmful to humans. The compound that was isolated in the greatest abundance -- named bromophycolide A by the researchers -- killed human tumor cells by inducing programmed cell death (called apoptosis), a mechanism that is promising for dev...

Dangerous tricksters: Some bacterie use immune cells to reproduce

...gest them. Action stations in the horse's lung! A bacterium has just been inhaled into a horse's bronchial tu...e cells have detected the intruder, they cover the bacterium with part of their own cell membrane like a hood, creating a membrane sac in which the intruder is t...

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