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Tag: "attack" at biology news

Advances in the characterisation of the oyster mushroom genes

...n the specificity of substrate: the endoglucanases attack the glycosidic links within the cellulose molecule, the cellobiohydrolases act by liberating units of cellobiose from either end of the cellulose chain and the b-glucosidases hydrolyse the cellobiose molecules, producing glucose as end product. In h...

Nanoscale Diagnostic Sets Sights on Alzheimer's

...earliest stage of AD memory loss begins when ADDLs attack key synapses in the brain. We predicted some of these ADDLs would leak into the cerebrospinal fluid, but until now we couldn't detect them. Thanks to the extraordinary sensitivity of the BCA it's been possible to validate the prediction, and maybe ev...

Researchers make gains in understanding antibiotic resistance

...ultiple drug therapies for HIV, in which the drugs attack several sites at once. And if the virus mutates to avoid the effects of one drug, it still gets hit by another. However, in the case of these antibiotics, the binding sites are linked in one molecule. It's like a multi-drug treatment, but in one comp...

Defenseless plants arm themselves with metals

...y elevated, a plant thinks it's under some massive attack by a pathogen. It's expressing all its pathogen response proteins, and at such a high level, they can have a deleterious effect on the plant." Metal hyperaccumulators like Thlaspi, however, don't show any negative effects from their constant exposur...

Genetically Modified Natural Killer Immune Cells Attack, Kill Leukemia Cells

...rful "on-switch" that prompts them to aggressively attack and kill leukemic cells. This finding, from researchers at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, suggests a way to improve the outcome of children who receive treatment for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) or other blood cancers. Results of the S...

Genetic defects give the immune system the green light to attack the pancreas

...s that, when defective, allow the immune system to attack the pancreas ?the first in a series of mis-steps t...d immunological tolerance. These immune cells then attack the insulin-producing beta cells in the pancreas, mistaking them as foreign invaders. “It’s critical...

Used in a new way, RNA interference permanently silences key breast cancer gene

... interfere with the ability of key immune cells to attack a growing tumor. Investigators used the lentivirus to permanently insert the RNAi into the genome of the cancer cell. After a single exposure of this delivery system, they found 75 percent of laboratory breast cancer cells stopped expressing the STA...

Insight into DNA's 'weakest links' may yield clues to cancer biology

..., an important step in developing a better plan of attack against the disease," Petes added. ...

Turning viruses into allies against cancer

...plex virus used in these studies was engineered to attack tumors cells without harming surrounding healthy t...for radioactive iodine, providing a second line of attack against the cancer cells, technically known as radio-virotherapy. "These results clearly demonstrat...

OneWorld Health drug receives 'Orphan' designation from U.S. and European regulatory agencies

...sand flies, which spread leishmania parasites that attack internal organs. An estimated 1.5 million people worldwide are currently infected; the number of new VL cases per year is estimated at 500,000; and as many as 200,000 people die annually. More than 90 percent of VL cases occur in five countries: Indi...

Gene keeps neural cells on correct developmental path

...roduced by cancers may trigger the immune cells to attack the nervous system. The study focuses on a protein called REST, which is short for RE1-silencing transcription factor. It was independently discovered 10 years ago by Mandel's group and a second team led by HHMI investigator David J. Anderson at Cal...

Newly Discovered 'Branding' Process Helps Immune System Cells Pick Their Fights

...as lymphocytes would recognize the trespassers and attack them. "Now that we know that some T cells need to...ng whether such modifications can cause T cells to attack the beta cells." Damaging oxidative reactions are also believed to play a role in atherosclerosis. ...

UN environmental agency steps up battle against marine pollution

... used oils and lubricants, will come under renewed attack under a new agreement signed by the United Nations environmental agency and an international treaty body controlling hazardous wastes. The Memorandum of Understanding, signed last week in Nairobi, Kenya, by the UN Environment Programme (UNEP) Regiona...

Research into how prions act in the brain could hold the key to defeating diseases

...cular nerve cells in the brain more susceptible to attack by prions. 'We are looking ultimately at ways of early detection and diagnosis so effective treatment can begin as soon as possible,' said Professor Perry. 'There is much we do not know about prions and prion diseases but our research teams are foll...

Internet viruses help ecologists control invasive species

...e internet viruses, which spread fastest when they attack the most widely-used email programmes, Muirhead and MacIsaac examined patterns of human vector movement to see whether some invaded systems have the potential to develop into invasion hubs. According to Muirhead and MacIsaac: "Some lakes invaded by ...

Natural Killers Could Lead to New Hepatitis Treatments

.... Learning to “call off?the NKT cell's pursuit and attack could offer a treatment for hepatitis and associated complications. The researchers, led by Dan Littman, a Howard Hughes Medical Institute investigator at New York University (NYU) School of Medicine, published their findings online on April 5, 2005...

Columbia study shows widely used artery clearing device does not help patients during heart attack

... fatty debris from blocked arteries during a heart attack does not improve patient outcomes. The procedure,...ossible that so much damage happens during a heart attack that distal protection is simply too little, too late," said Gregg W. Stone, M.D., director of resea...

Disabling gene defuses rheumatoid arthritis in mice

...they get a fix on a specific target, pursue it and attack it. "Classically, everyone thought that the T cells somehow recognized something specific in the joint like collagen or some other protein and attacked it," Peng explains. "In recent years, though, it's become more accepted that rheumatoid arthritis...

U. Iowa researchers improve Huntington's disease symptoms in mice

...RNA interference gives us the first opportunity to attack the fundamental problem and reduce protein expression from the disease gene," said Beverly L. Davidson, Ph.D., the Roy J. Carver Chair in Internal Medicine and UI professor of internal medicine, physiology and biophysics, and neurology. "Our study is...

Scientists find viruses can't stick to sea bugs in the dark

...led cyanophages - marine viruses that specifically attack and infect cyanobacteria. These phages can seriously damage the health of the cyanobacteria, and also the sea. Ying Jia, from the University of Warwick, is presenting new research today (Monday, 04 April 2005) at the Society for General Microbiology...

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