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Tag: "attack" at biology news

UGA scientists engineer root-knot nematode resistance

... of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences. They attack nearly every food and fiber crop grown, about 2,00...es that make a nematode a plant parasite so it can attack and feed on crops, Huang said. "Our results of in-plant RNA interference silencing of a parasitism ...

Scientists work to identify genes that contribute to early heart attack risk

... that leads to blood clot formation, angina, heart attack and stroke. This process can begin in childhood and early adult life. Doctors have known that genetic factors contribute to risk for early atherosclerosis but the exact genes involved are not yet known. "We hope the SEA study will give us new und...

What animals can tell us about hemorrhage, organ transplants and aging

...heir cool When a person suffers a stroke, heart attack or severe hypothermia, it is not the loss of blood flow (ischemia) that causes the greatest damage to the organs and tissues, explained Andrews. Instead, the greatest damage occurs when the blood flow is restored (reperfusion). Hibernating animals ha...

A new jump start for aging blood vessels

...lar diseases, including high blood pressure, heart attack and stroke, occur naturally, even in otherwise hea... with increased levels of TNFa, a protein that can attack and destroy tumor cells but can also exacerbate chronic inflammatory diseases. To date, no studies ...

Scientists find a key to immune system's ability to remember

...or immune system T cells -- white blood cells that attack virus-infected cells, foreign cells and cancer cells -- to cement the memory induced by cell surface sensors known as antigen receptors that act to identify the signatures of pathogens like measles virus and HIV, agents that hide inside cells. Lck...

A new understanding of how cells defend themselves against bacterial pore-forming toxins

... These pore-forming toxins are a key weapon in the attack arsenal of some common and virulent bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, well-known for its role in hospital-acquired infections, Streptococcus pneumonie, responsible for middle ear infections and pneumonia, and Helicobacter pylori, implicated i...

New data from NIH lab confirms protocol to reverse type 1 diabetes in mice

...r spleen cells to retrain the immune system not to attack islets and found that the protocol not only halted the immune destruction caused by diabetes but also allowed the insulin-producing pancreatic islet cells to regenerate. Evidence indicated that the spleen cells were the source of at least some of the...

'Killer' B cells demonstrate evolutionary link between fish and mammal immune systems

...nd catfish. The researchers determined that these attack B cells account for more than 30-40% of all immune cells in fish, while phagocytic cells only make up a small portion of the total number of immune cells in mammals. Further research also showed that a significant portion of amphibian B cells retain...

Pilot study successful in taming allergic reactions to food

... the immune system’s production of antibodies that attack and neutralize allergens, Burks said. The seven subjects in the study, who ranged from 1 to 7 years of age, had a history of allergic reactions, including hives, wheezing and vomiting, when they consumed eggs or egg products. For safety’s sake, n...

Study finds the air rich with bacteria

...ckground can confound the detection of a terrorist attack and trigger false alarms. The trick is to determine whether the amount of F. tularensis detected in an air sample is in synch with normal levels, or if it's suspicious. "Almost all of the bacterial bioterror pathogens are in the environment and i...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

... however, did not link a specific organ autoimmune attack with a specific protein missing in the thymus. I... carried out a detailed analysis of the autoimmune attack that is directed against the eye in Aire-deficient mice. What the team found was that the immune sy...

Quality not quantity important for immune response to HIV

... the journal Nature Medicine. "Some of the CTCs attack so-called 'Gag' proteins within the HIV virus, whilst others attack proteins such as the 'Env' protein on its surface," explains Professor Goulder. "In our study group,...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

... however, did not link a specific organ autoimmune attack with a specific protein missing in the thymus. I... carried out a detailed analysis of the autoimmune attack that is directed against the eye in Aire-deficient mice. What the team found was that the immune sy...

PNAS study reveals why organs fail following massive trauma

...pands into army of clones specifically designed to attack the invader at hand. Unfortunately, lymphocytes too are capable of mistakenly destroying human cells. Thus, they have developed quality control mechanisms where they can choose to stop expanding into an army (anergy) or to commit suicide (apoptosis)....

MIT designs portable 'lab on a chip'

... immediately whether a person had suffered a heart attack or a stroke, they could start the appropriate treatment right away. Labs on a chip can also be used in traditional chemistry or biology labs to speed up processes such as DNA testing or screening for the presence of certain antigens. Only tiny amo...

UCSD researchers create roadmap to integrin activation

...o one another. When a patient experiences a heart attack or stroke, the platelets stick inappropriately, clumping together and blocking the blood vessel. A signal from inside the platelet to the outside tells the GPIIb-IIIa integrin on the cell's surface to get sticky. Direct inhibitors of GPIIb-IIIa b...

Twenty Years of Malaria Research: Outcomes and Perspectives

...rent location in Mae Sot in 1996 one year after an attack by guerrillas from the Democratic Karen Buddhist Army, targeting foreign aid workers in an attempt to force the refugees to return to Burma. During the attack, Professor Nosten and his colleague Rose McGready had been forced to hide in the jungle. ...

Mass vaccination unnecessary in the event of a large bioterrorist US smallpox attack

...n the event of a large-scale smallpox bioterrorist attack in the United States, according to a study led by ...ing the first smallpox case, would contain a large attack if up to 500 people were infected," said Longini, a member of the Public Health Sciences Division at...

Friendly bacteria in alcoholic milkshake could fight food allergies

...ound naturally in human tears. Lactoperoxidase can attack and kill microbes such as 'flu viruses and the bacteria responsible for MRSA. The system could be used to sanitize the air in airplanes and hospital sick bays. ...

Molecular 'signature' protects cells from viruses

...irus capsules. These are filled with virus RNA and attack more cells. 'However, the cells are not completely at the mercy of a virus attack,' Professor Gunther Hartmann, head of the Bonn University Clinic's Department of Clinical Pharmacology. 'They often recognise the alien RNA and set off the alarm: f...

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