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Tag: "attach" at biology news

Berkeley researchers lay groundwork for cell version of DNA chip

...nstrate that this adhesion system could be used to attach cells to a non-biological surface. Douglas is a student under Mathies, director of UCB's Center for Analytical Biotechnology. Chandra and Douglas used a commercial chemical handle, the sulfur-based thiolate ion, to anchor single-stranded DNA onto go...

New human retrovirus originated in mice

...ence, any viral gene sequences in the sample would attach themselves to corresponding viral sequences on the chip. The telltale fluorescence on spots on the chip signaled the presence of viral genetic material in the sample. Although the Virochip contains only sequences from known viruses, DeRisi said it c...

Microscopic scaffolding offers a 'simple' solution to treating skin injuries

... cells (obtained via a biopsy*) are introduced and attach themselves to the scaffold, multiplying until they eventually grow over it. When placed over the wound, the scaffold dissolves harmlessly over 6 to 8 weeks, leaving the patient's skin cells behind. This new approach to skin reconstruction has been...

MIT sheds light on how tumor cells form

...idual chromosomes in each pair of chromosomes must attach to a set of tiny structures called microtubules. If they attach correctly, the checkpoint proteins give them the go-ahead to divide. If they don't, the checkpoint p...

Buckyballs boost antibody's chemotherapy payload

...r other diseases as well." While it's possible to attach drug molecules directly to antibodies, Wilson said scientists haven't been able to attach more than a handful of drug molecules to an antibody without significantly changing its targeting ab...

Recombination protein dynamics observed with single monomer resolution

...leagues developed. To use FRET, researchers first attach two dye molecules ?one green and one red ?to the molecule they want to study. Next, they excite the green dye with a laser. Some of the energy moves from the green dye to the red dye, depending upon the distance between them. The researchers then me...

Structure determined for p53 tumor suppressor protein as bound to DNA for anti-cancer activity

...ick in which we modified a DNA base to allow it to attach directly to a part of the protein's core domain. That allowed us to trap the form of the p53 dimer that's compatible with DNA binding. And we solved the structure. We saw what it looked like." ...

New light microscope sharpens scientists' focus

... Molecular biology techniques allow researchers to attach a label to each copy of a protein they wish to study. Ordinary optical microscopes can detect these molecules, although Hess describes their appearance under the microscope as "little fuzzy round balls." As Betzig's work in the early nineties had sho...

Gene screen for breast cancer better than pathologist's 'eye'

...hylation within critical regions of DNA. The tags attach to the "on" switch of genes which starts the message-manufacturing process. Cancer cells have abnormal levels of methylation, which turns the gene switch off halting the assembly line of critical proteins found in normal cells. The Hopkins test, c...

Light-sensitive photoswitches could restore sight to those with macular degeneration

... force shape changes, looking for improved ways to attach shape-changing molecules to proteins, developing means to shuttle these photoswitches into cells, building artificial genes that can be inserted into a cell's DNA to express the photoswitches in the correct cell, and searching for ways to get light i...

Ghost protein leaves fresh tracks in the cell

...euil assumed, meant that spectrin should no longer attach to the membrane. "We thought that was going to kill the function of the protein," he said, "but it didn't affect the ability of the protein to reach its destination at all. The molecule targeted correctly to the cell membrane." In fact, the genetic...

With record resolution and sensitivity, tool images how life organizes in a cell membrane

...hange the structure of the molecules to which they attach and can alter their behavior. Moreover, dyes do not allow scientists to analyze membrane compositions, because scientists see only what they've labeled. ''If you want to look at lipids certainly, lipid organization, you need some other way [than dye...

Immune cell communication key to hunting viruses, Jefferson immunologists show

... "antigen presenting" proteins that recognize and attach to the virus, in turn, making it visible to the immune system. T-cell receptors then "see" the virus, activating the T-cells. The researchers, led by Yuri Sykulev, M.D., Ph.D., associate professor of microbiology and immunology at Jefferson Medic...

Fat stem cells being studied as option for breast reconstruction

...ry results indicate that the stem cells can easily attach themselves to these beads and are able to differentiate into mature fat cells. When injected under the skin in a rat model, the cellular combination eventually formed what they describe as a "mound" of tissue. The fat-derived stem cells being use...

Stormy days ahead for coral reefs

...olonies, the strength of the sea-bed to which they attach and the change in force of the waves as they move across the reef. "This enables us to predict the likely changes in composition of the coral in response to present and future storms or tsunamis." This understanding, in turn, can be used by ...

New path from estrogen to survival in breast cancer cells described

...ars ago. This process requires multiple enzymes to attach NEDD8 to other proteins. To find proteins that can be altered by NEDD8, the four-member research team used yeast as their experimental platform, and SENP8 as a tool. This enzyme is known to be able to separate NEDD8 from the proteins it binds to....

Single molecular 'mark' seen as pivotal for genome compaction in spores and sperm

...g: With the alteration, the molecule was unable to attach to the histone, and compaction was severely limited. "We saw a significant increase in genomic volume in the resulting yeast spores, as though the compaction had been lost," Berger says. "The frequency of successful spore creation was also lowered s...

Researchers image molecular motor structural changes

...ime the actual point at which the molecular motors attach to the microtubule. It is at this juncture that the motor undergoes changes in its structure as it uses ATP to propel itself along the microtubule." Humans are thought to have approximately 45 different molecular motors -- proteins known as kinesins...

Engineer ramps up protein production, develops versatile viral spheres

...ineered capsid, in contrast, a vaccine maker could attach a very specific protein designed to stimulate only the appropriate immune-system cells. A vaccine with these well-targeted capsids would be more likely than a traditional vaccine to elicit a strong and specific response. The capsid method is akin to ...

Scientists find mutations that let bird flu adapt to humans

... successful, a virus must be able to recognize and attach to a host cell. But human and avian influenza viruses recognize different cell receptors. Avian flu viruses have demonstrated an ability to evolve to easily infect humans by exchanging genes with human viruses that subsequently permit them to recogni...

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