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Tag: "atmosphere" at biology news

New evidence of early horse domestication

...t can be lost to groundwater or transferred to the atmosphere by organic and inorganic processes. Phosphorus, on the other hand, can be locked into place by calcium and iron and is more likely to be preserved in the soils for millennia. As it turned out, the soil from inside the alleged corral had up to ten t...

NASA study: Alaskan fires affected Houston air quality in 2004

...of how much ozone was present in each layer of the atmosphere above the city. While NASA scientists and Morris were collecting their data, forest fires in western Canada and eastern Alaska were consuming more acres than at any time during the past 50 years. Meteorological conditions carried smoke from these in...

Mars mission Risk 29: Scientists research ways to reduce radiation-induced brain damage

...-energy cosmic radiation ?shielded on Earth by the atmosphere and the Van Allen Radiation Belts ?that few medical scientists have studied. "These are very obscure kinds of radiation that on Earth we would only see in the event of a nuclear disaster," said Britten. To made matters more complex, one possible ...

Climate experts search for answers in the oceans

...e a major influence on the amount of carbon in the atmosphere and are sensitive to environmental changes, it is important to monitor and model them into calculations of future climate change," Prof. Emeritus Andre Morel at the French Observatoire Océanolgique de Villefranche explained. "The risk is that we may ...

Giant insects might reign if only there was more oxygen in the air

...mit to the size a beetle could grow in the current atmosphere The researchers used x-ray images to compa...It is because when the oxygen concentration in the atmosphere is high, the insect needs smaller quantities of air to meet its oxygen demands. The tracheal diamete...

Siberian lakes burp 'time-bomb' greenhouse gas

...nds of teragrams of methane can be released to the atmosphere enhancing climate warming," Walter said. "This newly recognized source of methane is so far not included in climate models." Using remote sensing, aerial surveys and year-round, continuous measurements Walter and colleagues developed a new method of...

From hot springs to rice farms, scientists reveal new insights into the secret lives of archaea

...hen the Earth was very young and very hot, and the atmosphere contained large amounts of methane instead of oxyg...ations panel also found that methane levels in the atmosphere have increased by 150 percent since 1750. It turns out that the international demand for rice is ...

Reef warns of sea level rise

...ound 40 per cent of the anthropogenic CO2 from the atmosphere and it would be a matter of concern if their ability to do this decreased under global warming. If levels continue to increase, to above 500 ?600 parts per million as many scientists expect to be the case by 2050, then the climate shifts and warmin...

Selecting life: Scientists find new way to search for origin of life

...iven by lightning and ultraviolet radiation in the atmosphere or volcanic heat and chemical reactions in the deep oceans. Some of these building blocks of life were attracted to specific mineral surfaces, where they collected, concentrated, and underwent further reactions. "Some 20 different amino acids for...

Researchers link ocean organisms with increased cloud cover and potential climate change

...ave a build-up of clouds. Overall, this makes the atmosphere cloudier and reflects more sunlight back into space." In their paper, the researchers estimated that the isoprene emissions reduced energy absorption in the area by about 15 watts per square meter. "This is a huge signal," said Nenes. "You would...

Record ozone loss during 2006 over South Pole

...bove us mostly in the stratospheric stratum of the atmosphere that acts as a sunlight filter shielding life on E...one is caused by the presence of pollutants in the atmosphere such as chlorine, originating from man-made pollutants like chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), which have s...

Dig deeper to find Martian life

...ke a thorough look at how radiation behaves in the atmosphere and below the surface and it’s very relevant to pl... not protected by a global magnetic field or thick atmosphere and for billions of years it has been laid bare to radiation from space. The team quantified how sol...

Ocean's 'twilight zone' may be a key to understanding climate change

...t can be stored and prevented from re-entering the atmosphere as a green-house gas, the oceans may have little impact on changes in the atmosphere or climate. The research is the result of two international expeditions to the Pacific Ocean, and i...

Study finds mercury prevalent in many western fish

... OSU campus. Mercury entering the water via the atmosphere has a variety of natural and manmade sources, the researchers say, including coal power plants from as far away as China, the burning of heavy oils and other fossil fuels, and even forest fires. In the survey, the researchers did find 13 fish from...

Scientists map air pollution using corn grown in US fields

...er understand emission patterns and changes in the atmosphere in order to better regulate fossil fuels," said Susan Trumbore, also a professor of Earth system science and co-author of the study. "This is a direct way to measure the release of carbon dioxide emissions that are contributing to climate warming." ...

Gene chips forecast ecological impacts of climate change

...e alone. Due to the interaction of oceans with the atmosphere and the role of the ocean in carbon dioxide sequestration, marine ecosystems will experience temperature changes combined with changes in ocean pH –?ocean acidification. As a consequence of the elevated levels of the greenhouse gas, carbon dioxi...

Global 'sunscreen' has likely thinned, report NASA scientists

...e time. "When more sunlight can get through the atmosphere and warm Earth's surface, you're going to have an ...ght or trapping some of the sun's heat high in the atmosphere were the major driver in 20th-century global dimming. "Much of the dimming trend over the Northern H...

NASA predicts nongreen plants on other planets

...t colors for photosynthesis, based on the planet’s atmosphere where the most light reaches the planet’s surface. The dominant photosynthesis might even be in the infrared. "This work will help guide designs for future space telescopes that will study extrasolar planets, to see if they are habitable, and coul...

Scientists uncover link between ocean's chemical processes and microscopic floating plants

... bottom line is that carbon dioxide-loading of the atmosphere could lead to environmental changes we have not ev... understanding of the feedback systems between the atmosphere and ocean, believes Wingenter. "To predict future climate more accurately, it's critical that we und...

Mercury contamination of fish warrants worldwide public warning

...ute more than 10 percent of the mercury in Earth's atmosphere attributable to human activities today. Little is known about the behavior of mercury in marine ecosystems and methylmercury in marine fish, the ingestion of which is the primary way most people at all levels of society worldwide are exposed to thi...

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