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Tag: "assembled" at biology news

Scientists get first glimpse at how plants, most animals repair UV-damaged DNA

...how the chemical reaction evolved over time. They assembled their measurements together like a series of stop-motion photographs to reveal the individual steps of UV repair. Zhong explained the damage and repair processes this way: When a UV photon strikes a portion of DNA, the atoms in the DNA molecule beco...

UF study first to quantify validity of DNA I.D. tool using marine snails

...ng cowries from around the world, Meyer and Paulay assembled a database from 218 species. The public has long been fascinated by the shiny, colorful shells, ardently collecting them for centuries, Meyer said. "The question is what happens as you move away from cowries or birds into nematodes or sea spiders an...

Master regulatory gene found that guides fate of blood-producing stem cells

...of these genes. What's more, they found that fully assembled NF-Y was activated in stem cells and disappeared when the stem cells became mature cell types, through the induction and loss of one its subunits, NF-Ya. "When we overexpressed NF-Ya in stem cells, the stem cells produced ten- to twenty-fold more st...

Newly discovered birdlike dinosaur is oldest raptor ever found in South America

...e originated when all of the continents were still assembled in a single landmass during the Jurassic as far back as 180 million years ago--much earlier than previously thought. Results of an analysis of evolutionary relationships of advanced theropods undertaken as part of this research indicate that the Gon...

USC researchers track down the stem cells that create feathers

...we are really learning about is how stem cells are assembled into organs in nature. In this way, we can take advantage of the distinct patterns of the feather as a model to understand the fundamental principles of organ formation and regeneration," Chuong notes. "Nature is the best teacher for tissue engineeri...

Ancient humans brought bottle gourds to the Americas from Asia

...egrating genetics and archaeology, the researchers assembled a collection of ancient remnants of bottle gourds from across the Americas. They then identified key genetic markers from the DNA of both the ancient gourds and their modern counterparts in Asia and Africa before comparing the plants' genetic make-up...

UW scientists unravel critical genetic puzzle for flu virus replication

...ng debated whether the RNA segments in flu viruses assembled at random into the virions or were somehow incorporated into the infectious particle in an organized way. The RNA segments, according to Kawaoka, form in a distinct pattern abutting the membrane of the virus. They are always arranged in a circle of ...

'Banana-jawed' fossil mammal linked to rare sound-producing skill

Paleontologists at the Duke Lemur Center have assembled a new picture of a 35-million-year-old fossil mammal -- and they even have added a hint of sound. By painstakingly measuring hundreds of specimens of a fossil mammal called Thyrohyrax, recovered from the famous fossil beds of Egypt's Fayum Province,...

Anthrax inhibitor counteracts toxin, may lead to new therapeutics

...omponents, thereby blocking the formation of fully assembled anthrax toxin and neutralizing its activity. The inhibitor protected rats from anthrax toxin in the study. "Our eventual goal is to use the inhibitor as a human therapeutic for anthrax exposure, one that can stop the toxin from functioning inside t...

A new focus for the mechanism of nerve growth

...t research has focused on how actin structures are assembled at the leading edges of motile cells," said Forsch... to a molecular treadmill that is constantly being assembled at the leading edge and moved rearward, powered by a myosin II motor located at its back end. But, t...

APS lecturer shows rare video of 'teacher-student' immune cell interactions in live animal

...an. Hundreds, even thousands of these sections are assembled into digital time-lapse videos to generate a 3-dimensional look at an immune response in real time. The organism remains intact, providing a live look at what is happening in the immune system. The challenge in adapting the technology was that it ta...

New device could cut chemotherapy deaths

...ep in the treatment of this disease. "We have now assembled an extremely experienced team to develop the Fibrasorb technology." The Fibrasorb technology is a flexible fully resorbable device that can be formulated as a bead, a fibre or mesh, or as a tube put into the body which leads outside the body and thr...

UF scientists discover evolutionary origin of fins, limbs

...ating in lamprey fins tells us they must have been assembled in the median fins first, and later in evolution this entire genetic program was simply reutilized in a new position to build the first paired fins," Cohn said. "It tells us our own arms and legs have their evolutionary roots in the dorsal, caudal an...

A more powerful and efficient engine for rice: the C3-C4 challenge

...n international consortium of scientists will have assembled the tools and materials to begin constructing the prototypes of a C4 rice plant. It will be another 10?5 years after that before the first varieties are available. "Considering the urgent rice production challenges we face, we must start now on th...

CHAVI announces international search for genes affecting HIV response

... nine cohorts. "This will be is the largest cohort assembled for large-scale analysis of genetic differences among HIV-infected patients," said Amalio Telenti, M.D., Ph.D., a key organizer of the collaboration. Telenti is professor of medical virology and co-director of the Institute of Microbiology at the Uni...

Molecular DNA switch found to be the same for all life

...ein crystallography facility, Berger and his team assembled a high-resolution model of the molecular structure...at there are major structural distinctions between assembled initiator and clamp loader complexes. This not only has important implications for the respective fu...

New light microscope sharpens scientists' focus

...nce. The prototype for the new microscope was assembled in September 2005 in the living room of one of the inventors, Harald Hess, who will soon become director of the applied physics and instrumentation group at Janelia Farm. Hess collaborated on the project with colleague Eric Betzig, who is now a group...

Researchers show how brain decodes complex smells

...data to more advanced brain structures where it is assembled and recognized as a specific scent. Understanding how the olfactory system works in mice may also provide broader insights into human perception, said Stephen Shea, Ph.D., a Duke University Medical Center research associate who participated in the s...

Arctic expedition will investigate alien-like glacier

...or future exploration of our solar system. A team assembled by the University of Calgary's Arctic Institute of North America plans to spend two weeks studying a sulfur-spewing spring on the surface of an ice field not far from the North Pole this summer, after it was discovered by Institute Executive Director...

Trials for new drug to overcome HIV

...ctural protein called the gag protein, and is then assembled into a cone. PA-457 stops it being clipped off, causing it to form a leaky sphere that leaves the core RNA exposed (see Diagram, left). This cripples the virus, preventing it from infecting any other cells once it buds out from the host. Previous la...

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