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Tag: "antigen" at biology news

Scientists find a key to immune system's ability to remember

...he memory induced by cell surface sensors known as antigen receptors that act to identify the signatures of pathogens like measles virus and HIV, agents that hide inside cells. Lck is important in helping "naive" T cells -- those cells that have never been exposed to a particular pathogen -- capture the r...

Jefferson scientists find aging gene also protects against prostate cancer development

...expression of SIRT1,?adding that prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were used to confirm this. Rising PSA levels are frequently an indication of prostate cancer growth or recurrence, whereas falling levels indicate tumor shrinkage. “This study shows that there is potentially new opportunity for these ...

Autoimmune disease triggered if T cells miss a single protein early on

... relatively late stage. Tissue is already damaged, antigen expression is ramped up and the immune response is spreading to other self-antigens," Anderson said. "If we can also train our focus on the thymus, where we know at least some of the autoimmune disease is triggered, we may be able to determine just w...

Proteins anchor memories in our brain

... relatively late stage. Tissue is already damaged, antigen expression is ramped up and the immune response is spreading to other self-antigens," Anderson said. "If we can also train our focus on the thymus, where we know at least some of the autoimmune disease is triggered, we may be able to determine just w...

Innovative movies show real-time immune-cell activity within tumors

...ording to whether or not they presented a specific antigen to which the T cells would respond. T cells were...t been shown before. Finally, it's the presence of antigen that determines how T cells migrate and interact with the tumor cells. "These experiments set the ...

Older men treated for early prostate cancer live longer than those who are not

...ng wide-spread increase in using prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screenings, more men are being diagnosed with early-stage and low-or intermediate-grade prostate cancer. Studies have shown that the slow-developing nature of prostate cancer during its earliest stages makes treatment options, such as a radical...

Antibody extends life of mice with breast cancer

...med JAA-F11, targets a particular disaccharide, an antigen known as TF-Ag, which aids the adhesion and spread of certain cancer cells. While the antibody did not kill the cancer cells, it blocked stages of cancer-cell growth that allow the cells to adhere to organ tissue, the research showed. Results of...

Clue found to Epstein-Barr virus' ability to form and sustain tumors

... culture. The protein, called Epstein-Barr nuclear antigen 1 (EBNA-1), is the only protein the virus makes in all EBV-positive tumors. "We've been trying to identify specific functions of EBNA-1 that we could target therapeutically," says Bill Sugden, professor of oncology who has studied EBV for more than ...

Hair-growth drug artificially lowers PSA levels in prostate cancer screening, study finds

...cially lowers the results of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test, the standard screening test for prostate cancer, a multicenter study has found. The study, involving 308 men ranging in age from 40 to 60 years old, is available online in the British medical journal The Lancet and is scheduled to be pu...

Science researchers genetically transform immune cells into tumor fighters

...ells. The receptor's genetic makeup determines the antigen types that the T cell can recognize, so that some cells contain genes that make a T cell receptor that homes in on melanoma cells, while other cells contain genes that make a T cell receptor that recognizes breast or lung cancer cells. With this i...

Early-stage immune system control of HIV may depend on inherited factors

...proteins. This is done by means of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) receptors that sit on the surface of virtually every cell. Immune system cells that ingest bacteria or parasites digest those pathogens and display protein fragments on their surface membranes via HLA Class II proteins. Virally infected cells...

Interaction between lymph and liver cells may affect immune response

...tivated by specialized cells known as professional antigen presenting cells (APCs) before they are able to migrate across the endothelium and interact with organ cells. Recent studies have shown that the liver is an exception in that liver cells may be able to act as APCs, activating T cells independently of...

How T lymphocytes attack

... a membrane receptor which is complementary to the antigen in the pathological cells to be eliminated. Alert...destroy the tumour. Recognition of the tumour antigen determines T lymphocyte behaviour To arrive at their conclusion, the researchers used an animal m...

Can engineered immune cells stop AIDS?

...gists, Wang is experimenting with CD20 as a target antigen for human B cells. His strategy, published in the August 1, 2006 issue of Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, targets the human B cells only. After two years of experimentation, the team has been able to demonstrate that they can speci...

Finnish scientists discovered a new approach to treat virus-induced lymphomas

...demonstrate binding of the KSHV latency associated antigen LANA to both p53 and MDM2, and that the MDM2 inhibitor Nutlin-3a disrupts the p53-MDM2-LANA complex and selectively induces massive apoptosis in PEL cells. The cytotoxic effect of Nutlin-3a was specific for the KSHV-infected cells since Nutlin-3a did...

Rotavirus can spread beyond the intestine

...chronic conditions and healthy adults. Rotavirus antigen was detected in the blood of 51 of 57 of children ...roenteritis but with rotavirus-negative stools. No antigen was found in the blood of any other groups. A further study of 11 children who had antigen in their ...

Cancer vaccines -- Taking a jab at cancer by stimulating the immune system

...ient’s own dendritic immune cells. These cells are antigen presenting cells that, in effect, advertise the presence of the antigen molecule to the rest of the immune system. The antigen, MUC-1, is a protein that is over-produced by...

Novel antigen-cloning technique may boost efforts to develop a melanoma vaccine

...development. In working to identify a key tumor antigen in melanoma and other cancers, scientists at The W...stitute have now developed a novel way to clone an antigen recognized by a helper T cell. Already, Herlyn's group has used the new cloning technique to identif...

Mechanisms involved with tumor relapse identified

...protein 110 (HSP110), as an adjuvant, with a tumor antigen HER-2/neu, as a protein target expressed in breast tumors. Adjuvants are agents that are able to modify another agent ?basically working as a chemical catalyst. ...

New recommendations against a major opportunistic infection -- cryptococcosis

...ion of the quantity (titration) of the circulating antigen of Cryptococcus. "For patients who have a very high fungal load, we recommend starting an initial therapy combining two antifungals, a treatment that is currently only recommended in cases of meningitis and severe pneumonia", concludes Dromer. ...

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