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Tag: "animal" at biology news

Cornell lab confirms deadly fish virus spreading to new species

...rding to Paul Bowser, Cornell professor of aquatic animal medicine in the College of Veterinary Medicine. The viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV), which causes anemia and hemorrhaging in fish, has now been identified in 19 species and poses a potential threat to New York’s $1.2 billion sport-fishing i...

Uniform language for describing genes of pathogenic and beneficial microbes

... benign as well as pathogenic microbes in plant or animal hosts.? Brett Tyler, Professor at the Virginia B...the response from researchers that study human and animal diseases has been very enthusiastic.? "A common set of terms for the exchange of information abou...

Man's best friend lends insight into human evolution

...or Hare, who has worked with a number of different animal species, to understand the "unique" human ability ...operatively we should look not just at our closest animal relatives, but also at our best animal friends. While chimps may fail to infer others' mental states...

NIAID expands capability for influenza research and surveillance

... Further, scientists conducted training courses in animal influenza surveillance, developed diagnostic tools to detect animal flu viruses, and generated viruses suitable for use in developing human influenza vaccines. NIAID...

Researchers wake up viruses inside tumors to image and then destroy cancers

...ced, the tumor will burst, releasing the virus. In animal experiments, this experimental therapy, called lytic induction therapy, results in tumor death. As the first step in this study, researchers screened a wide variety of drugs to see if any of them could reawaken the virus. They were fortunate in th...

Fish extinctions alter critical nutrients in water, study shows

...n and phosphorus, which are otherwise locked up in animal or plant cells. Fish excrete dissolved nutrients back into the water, making them available to algae, which need them to grow. The study, published in the Feb. 27 issue of the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, finds that overfishing ...

Leeches ferry infection among newts

... vector, an organism that spreads disease from one animal to another. The researchers found evidence for leech-borne transmission of a little-known fungus-like organism of the genus Ichthyophonus, which infects the muscles of red-spotted newts and other amphibians in North America. It does not appear t...

In young mice, gregariousness seems to reside in the genes

...al evolution, as well as developing more realistic animal models of pervasive developmental disorders, such ...inds of social groupings that occur throughout the animal kingdom and provide much more subtle benefits to an individual. Results of the new work suggest t...

Researchers develop marker that identifies energy-producing centers in nerve cells

...ity of Maryland School of Medicine, says there are animal models for several of these diseases including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (also known as ALS) and Huntington's disease. "The mice we have developed with the fluorescent protein could be bred with mouse models of various n...

Male owls pitch their hoots to advertise body weight to competitors

... playback experiments (commonly used in studies of animal communication in order to assess the function of vocal signals), monitoring the reaction of subjects to the broadcast of vocalizations. To do this they modified the pitch of several hoots, creating stimuli that mimicked the hoots given by males from ...

Biodiesel study targets cleaner air, cleaner engines

...uel made from locally available sources, including animal fats and plant oils such as soybean, sunflower and canola. During normal farm field work, a research team from Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada tested both pure and blended biodiesel, in which the renewable fuel is mixed with petroleum diesel. E...

Study shows isolation of stem cells may lead to a treatment for hearing loss

...estore normal hearing. The team has already begun animal studies to explore the use of cochlear stem cells in well-established hair cell ablation models and in deaf mouse mutants with predictable patterns of early hair cell loss. This line of research will evaluate the in vivo survival and differentiation...

Changes in amino acids in the 1918 influenza virus cut transmission

... In this study, the researchers used ferrets as an animal model of human influenza virus infection, due to the presence of alpha2-6 sialic acids in the respiratory tract of ferrets, similar to the human scenario. Groups of ferrets were infected with three types of influenza viruses; two from existing viral ...

Despite their heft, many dinosaurs had surprisingly tiny genomes

...ly responsible for variation in genome size across animal species. They estimate that active repetitive DNA might have comprised an average 12 percent of the ornithischian genome but just 8.4 percent of theropod genetic constitution. The work indicates that the small genomes typically associated with bir...

Study finds antibiotic resistance in poultry even when antibiotics were not used

...vocacy groups are pushing for a more comprehensive animal antibiotic ban in the United States, but Lee said her research plus the evidence from the Baytril ban suggests that approach won't help. "They banned Baytril in 2005, and if you look at Baytril resistance in campylobacter now it's essentially unch...

Penn researchers show how nanocylinders deliver medicine better than nanospheres

...n delivery of the anticancer drug paclitaxel to an animal model of lung cancer ten times longer than that delivered on spherical-shaped carriers. These findings have implications for drug delivery as well as for better understanding cylinder-shaped viruses like Ebola and H5N1 influenza. This study appear...

Human's ecological footprint in 2015 and Amazonia revealed

...tant bioregions, harboring rich array of plant and animal species and offering a wealth of goods and services to society. For years, ecological science has shown how large scale forest clearings cause declines in biodiversity and the availability of forest products. Yet some important changes in the rainfo...

The sturdier sex? -- Study by Pittsburgh scientists finds female stem cells work better

...rotein that gives muscle cells structure. Using an animal model of the disease, his laboratory is using stem cells to deliver dystrophin to muscles. In this study, Dr. Huard’s team injected female and male muscle-derived stem cells into dystrophic mice and then measured the cells?ability to regenerate dy...

The penalty of having a sister -- why sibling sex matters for male saiga antelopes

... shows that saigas are the supermums of the hoofed animal world with no other similar species investing mor...d-sex litters have been shown to have an impact on animal health elsewhere in the animal world. In dairy cows for example, it is well known that calves from m...

Metacognition: Faced with a test, rats can check their knowledge first

... the prevalence of certain cognitive skills in the animal kingdom, and, as the authors point out in their paper, may provide opportunities to study the neuroanatomical and molecular mechanisms that underlie metacognition. ...

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