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Tag: "amyloid" at biology news

Brain inflammation may be friend, not foe, for Alzheimer's patients

...ed to see the telltale clumps of material known as amyloid plaques, made up of the peptide amyloid beta, worsen. Instead, to the team’s surprise, the brains of the mice with IL-1beta stuck in overdri...

Researchers track how spores break out of dormant state

...ctures, which appear to be structurally similar to amyloid fibrils that have been associated with neural dege...ed the mechanical rigidity and resistance of these amyloid self-assembling biomaterials to structure the protective outer spore surface,” Plomp said. When e...

Newly discovered antibody may be body's natural defense against Alzheimer's

...d antibodies selectively target aggregates of beta amyloid proteins called "oligomers" that are toxic to brai...amyloid. "The effects of IVIG in lowering beta amyloid levels in Alzheimer's patients in our Phase I clinical trial were much more profound than we expecte...

Statin treatment improves spatial memory in mouse models of Alzheimer's

... in the study are homozygous for the gene for beta amyloid protein, making it inevitable that they develop an...imals, together with regular mice without the beta amyloid genes, were acclimated for one week, with as much food and water as they wished, then divided into f...

Scientists identify prion's infectious secret

...ed from prion infections are literally packed with amyloid clumps.) In order to glean insights into the mechanics that enable amyloid formation, Peter Tessier, a postdoctoral scientist in Lindquist’s lab, used peptide arrays—glass sli...

Decoding protein structures helps illuminate cause of diabetes

... to toxic clumps of the protein hIAPP (human islet amyloid polypeptide), which is normally produced by the same cells that make insulin. An unknown trigger prompts the protein to fold into sharp fibers that poke holes in pancreatic cells, killing them. Though scientists already have a good idea of the ...

Cold sore virus might play role in Alzheimer's disease

..., is associated with both the cellular tangles and amyloid plaques that are found in the brains of patients w...shown that the gene plays a role in clearing toxic amyloid beta from the brain. "Just how ApoE-4 makes people vulnerable to Alzheimer's disease isn't resolv...

Scripps research study reveals structural dynamics of single prion molecules

... mechanisms as well as those that lead to abnormal amyloid fibril conversion. The new insights may lead to th...otein misfolds, it converts into self-perpetuating amyloid fibrils, thus altering its function in an inheritable manner. The research team used a combination o...

Scientists find new genetic clue to cause of Alzheimer's disease

...sions of the SORL1 gene contribute to formation of amyloid plaques, a hallmark sign of Alzheimer's in the bra...." Scientists think that in Alzheimer's disease, amyloid precursor protein, or APP, is processed into amyloid beta protein fragments that make up plaques in ...

Scientists discover a new risk factor for Alzheimer's

... when cells improperly break down a protein called amyloid precursor protein (APP). Previous research had revealed that APP is subjected to a sequence of cellular events that either properly recycles APP or shunts it into cellular structures called endosomes, where it is chopped into amyloid-beta. Researcher...

Blocking immune cell action increases Alzheimer's-associated protein deposits

...tors involved in the immune cells' accumulation at amyloid plaques. The research team focused on a molecu...od vessels ?similar to a condition called cerebral amyloid angiopathy, which is associated with an increased risk of cerebral hemorrhage. In addition, CCR2-de...

Enzyme shreds Alzheimer's protein

...ips apart the protein that forms the sludge called amyloid plaque that is one of the hallmarks of Alzheimer's...at drugs to enhance CatB activity could break down amyloid deposits, counteracting one of the central pathologies of AD. Li Gan and colleagues published thei...

Insulin receptor stops progression of Alzheimer's disease

...AR alpha and PPAR gamma were effective in reducing amyloid gene expression. PPAR delta had the most benefit for reducing oxidative stress and improving learning and memory. "That was the most spectacular," de la Monte says, "because everybody wants something for cognitive impairment, and that was the most i...

Protein's role in regulating cell death sets direction for cancer research

...r oxygen supply because of a stroke, or damaged by amyloid deposits, this might seem like a bad thing that could contribute to neurodegenerative disease," says Dr. Greer who produced the study with Yinfei Tan, Nathalie Dourdin, Chao Wu, Teresa De Veyra, and John S. Elce. "On the other hand, when a cell's ch...

A sweet solution for Alzheimer's disease?

...o known as inositol--prevented the accumulation of amyloid â deposits, a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease. Scy... shown previously to be ineffective at breaking up amyloid aggregates, he said. In the brain of a person with Alzheimer's disease, small proteins called amylo...

Case Western Reserve University researchers find protein associated with brain cell death

...ptor cell surface complex to detect and respond to amyloid –beta fibrils," the researchers write. "These receptor elements act in concert to stimulate intercellular signaling cascades as well as initiate a novel type of phagocytosis (cell death) in microglia." "Vav has been found to be the key regulatory...

Brain enzyme treatment relieves memory lapse in Alzheimer's mice

...ailable therapies have almost exclusively targeted amyloid beta (Aß), the protein responsible for the "amyloi...Michael Shelanski of Columbia University. "While amyloid beta is certainly a key player in Alzheimer's disease--and efforts to reduce it remain a worthy goal...

Production of key Alzheimer's protein monitored for first time in humans

...y to monitor the production and clearance rates of amyloid beta peptide (Abeta) in the human central nervous ...pan of about six or seven hours, you make half the amyloid beta found in your central nervous system." Ideally, the production and clearance rates stay balan...

Tramiprosate (Alzhemed? preclinical results published in Neurobiology of Aging

...). The results presented in this paper include the amyloid binding and neuroprotective characteristics of tra...imal species that were tested. The presence of amyloid in the brain is one of the major histopathological characteristics of AD. The amyloid cascade hypot...

Experimental drug reverses key cognitive deficits, pathology in Alzheimer's

...ssing pathways had been knocked out, creating both amyloid plaques and neurofibrillary tangles. In their exp...ristic learning and memory impairments, as well as amyloid and tangle pathologies. The researchers also studied the effects of AF267B treatment on key enzymes...

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