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Tag: "altered" at biology news

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...This process, called "phosphorylation," results in altered activity of the phosphorylated protein. It is estimated that 30% of all proteins are regulated by this process. Using technology developed in Snyder's laboratory, graduate students Jason Ptacek and Geeta Devgan used proteome microarrays to assa...

The secret love life of plants

... plant Arabidopsis thaliana called cdc2. It has an altered pollen. Because of a failed cell division, the cdc2-plants develop pollen that has only one sperm cell instead of two. The researchers have now been exploring the question if whether, under these conditions, fertilisation is possible at all. It turne...

'Computer-chemistry' yields new insight into a puzzle of cell division

...versions of a protein in which a single residue is altered and lab-testing whether the resulting subtle change in the protein's shape or chemistry changes the way the molecules interact with each other, he said. If there is no change, they then move on to the next residue. "So my students started to make th...

Mapping alcohol brain damage

... way we can start to find those messages that show altered expression in the area of the brain that shows the pathology." He said the microarray analysis could be useful for many neurological diseases. "It's got general applicability to neurological diseases, because most neurological diseases also exhib...

Bacteria that cause tooth decay able to survive without important biochemical pathway

...biology and the study's lead author. The bacteria altered to lack SRP components were able to adapt and surv...ce. But, like goldfish dropped in new water, the altered bacteria could not contend with sudden environmental change. When artificially shocked with acid to ...

Researchers discover new form of cancer gene regulation

...scription factors in the nucleus of the cell. The altered gene expression profile then results in cellular differentiation, cellular proliferation or cellular death as pattern formation proceeds. An important signal transduction pathway critical to early development of humans and animals involves the gen...

UCLA discovery will aid in treatment of patients with a deadly brain cancer

...o safely and specifically target pathways that are altered in cancer cells. This was impossible five years ago. Glioblastoma is still a difficult disease, but the idea that it may be possible to induce long-term disease suppression gives us reason for hope." The study, Mischel said, also may have important ...

MIT researcher presents new view of how the cortex forms

...n L. R. Rubenstein of UCSF. "Recent evidence has altered researchers' understanding of how cortical areas form, connect with other brain regions, develop unique processing networks and adapt to changes in inputs," Sur said. "Understanding basic mechanisms of cortical development is central to understanding...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

... Cell, Dulac and her colleagues used a genetically altered version of a pseudorabies virus that is a highly specific tracer, permitting the researchers to label neurons with a fluorescent protein marker. This technique relied on a conditional approach that caused the pseudorabies virus to replicate only when...

Sahara's edge studied from ground, air and space to improve water management

...earnt about the water beneath it. The Sahara has altered through the ages: during the last Ice Age, 10 000 years ago, there was savannah here with rivers, lakes and plentiful rains. That landscape has vanished now, but the rains from that period progressively percolated beneath the ground to be collected i...

Greasing interferon's gears may pave way to greater therapeutic benefits, fewer side effects

...ducted on cells growing in culture showed that the altered Stat1 proteins reacted more efficiently to the presence of both type I and type II interferons. Further tests revealed that the souped-up Stat1 recruited more of a specific protein it needs to pass on the interferon signal, essentially raising the sp...

Recreating 'Flowers for Algernon' with a happy ending

... learned: statins work on the Ras protein that is altered by NF1 and play a key role in learning and memory," recalled Silva. "It was the researcher's equivalent of finding a suitcase stuffed with a million dollars." Statin drugs lower cholesterol by blocking the effects of certain fats. Because Ras requ...

Discovering the first steps in transcription-coupled repair

...ar metabolism. DNA damage ranges from one or a few altered nucleotides in a single strand of the double helix...nt accumulation of mutations and the production of altered proteins, cells deploy an arsenal of repair mechanisms to excise and replace defective nucleotides, ...

Researchers show key protein necessary for normal development of red blood cells

...ct the defect or mutation, a gene may be replaced, altered or supplemented. According to Lloyd, the production of blood cells involves a complex differentiation pathway that involves the interaction of many molecular players and proteins. In humans, there are four globin genes clustered on chromosome 11 i...

Compound from marine bacteria shows potential as multiple myeloma therapy

...t side effects in some myeloma patients, including altered blood counts and nerve pain. In some patients, the disease can be resistant or become resistant to bortezomib. Because NPI-0052 and bortezomib attack the same intracellular target in different ways, the Dana-Farber researchers contend that combining...

A New Era of Hope for the World's Most Neglected Diseases

...c–private partnerships for health has dramatically altered the landscape of neglected-disease drug development. Her analysis shatters a common illusion—that industry is profoundly disinterested in developing drugs for neglected diseases. “Long-held beliefs on neglected-disease drug development activity are n...

New GM mosquito sexing technique is step towards malaria control, report scientists

...shows how a team from Imperial College London have altered male mosquitoes to express a green fluorescent protein in their gonads. Coupled with a high speed sorting technique, scientists will be able to identify and separate the different mosquito sexes much more easily than by manually sorting. Professor A...

Same-sex mating by fungi spawned infection outbreak, evidence suggests

...sex cycles that contribute to produce progeny with altered virulence, geographic or host range or other advantageous characteristics." Collaborators on the study include Steven Giles, Emily Wenink, Scarlett Geunes-Boyer, Jo Rae Wright, Stephanie Diezmann, Andria Allen, Jason Stajich, Fred Dietrich and John ...

Machinery of the 'marijuana munchies'

...nabinoids. In further studies of mice genetically altered to be leptin deficient, the researchers found the DSI to be more prolonged than in normal mice. Thus, they said, the findings "implicate this mechanism for leptin receptor/endocannabinoid signaling in contributing to the maintenance of weight balance...

New view of cancer: 'Epigenetic' changes come before mutations

...ion of progenitor cells within an organ or tissue, altered by abnormal regulation of tumor-progenitor genes. This leads to a population of cells ready to cause new growth. The second step involves an initiating mutation within the population of epigenetically disrupted progenitor cells at the earliest stage...

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