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Tag: "alter" at biology news

Scientists re-engineer a well-known antibiotic to counter drug resistance

...that this breakthrough technology could be used to alter and enhance their therapeutic properties," Boger said. "We hope that our pioneering efforts will spur further research into the development of more potent antibiotics." ...

Not just the birds

...systems, showing that top predators can indirectly alter plant productivity, with varying effects. Most studies on land-based ecosystems have been smaller in scale. These studies have not revealed the large community-wide indirect effects that are often found in aquatic trophic cascades, or have only sho...

Yale researchers find environmental toxins disruptive to hearing in mammals

...such as TBT (tributyl tin), because they appear to alter the balance of chloride ions in the outer hair cell." Sensitive hearing in mammals relies on cochlear amplification resulting from the motor activity of outer hair cells. They are the only group of animals that have outer hair cells. Additionally, ...

'Shuttling' protein possibly key to resilience of cancer cells

...the right biochemical signals, have the ability to alter their properties and are considered to be "cancer stem cells." The hypothetical cancer-resistance role of cancer stem cells could explain why tumors return after treatment. If stem cells prove to be critical to cancer's resistance to treatment, new m...

Gene variation increases SIDS risk in African Americans

...ge in an ion channel, if it disrupts ion flow, can alter the cell's activity. So Goldstein's team concentrated on how Y1103 might change a cell's behavior. On first look, it made no difference. Cells with the normal or Y1103 channels "were found to function indistinguishably," the authors wrote. But ...

Proteins stop blood-vessel and tumor growth in mice

...n the current paper, they report that the fibulins alter levels of extracellular proteins involved in dissolving and remodeling the extracellular matrix, which can make way for blood-vessel growth. Moving forward, Dr. Schiemann is working to isolate the portion of the fibulin molecules that actually bind...

Thinner and younger

...o learn more about whether calorie restriction can alter the aging process. Fontana says, for example, that low-grade, chronic inflammation seems to mediate aging. Overweight and obese people tend to have higher levels of inflammation than lean people, so it makes sense that losing weight might increase ...

Biomarkers may hone anti-aging therapies

...aging as well as potential drugs or therapies that alter the aging process." The new biomarkers are changes to the DNA of cellular organelles called mitochondria. Mitochondria, which have their own DNA that is distinct from the DNA in the cell's nucleus, serve as the "power plants" of the cell. They manuf...

Tetracycline plus teeth equal gray smile

...or the patient, which allowed him to significantly alter the shade of his patient's teeth, without the costly procedures. Dr. Capehart's new tooth whitening treatment protocol involves placing the patient on a prescription dose of fluoride toothpaste for two weeks in order to minimize tooth sensitivity ...

UC San Diego biologists solve plant growth hormone enigma

...n the appropriate auxin genes were on or off could alter growth. For example, to make seedless tomatoes, one could activate auxin in the floral organs before fertilization has taken place." Applying auxin to the flowers by hand can also induce seedless tomatoes, or other seedless fruit, but this method i...

Production of key Alzheimer's protein monitored for first time in humans

...rbon 13 acts just like carbon 12, meaning it won't alter the normal Abeta production and clearance processes and is very safe to use." Over the course of hours, cells in the brain pick up the labeled leucine and incorporate it into the new copies they make of Abeta and other proteins. Scientists take per...

Brain enzyme treatment relieves memory lapse in Alzheimer's mice

...either alone or in combination with therapies that alter Aß levels." ...

Robotic joystick reveals how brain controls movement

...ng haul. The results, the investigators say, could alter rehabilitation approaches for people who have lost motor abilities to brain injuries like strokes. In a report on the work in the May 23 issue of PLoS Biology, the researchers built on their observations that some parts of the brain learn - and for...

New approach to vaccine development provides potent, long-lasting immunity

...ng haul. The results, the investigators say, could alter rehabilitation approaches for people who have lost motor abilities to brain injuries like strokes. In a report on the work in the May 23 issue of PLoS Biology, the researchers built on their observations that some parts of the brain learn - and for...

Long-term changes in experience cause neurons to sprout new long-lasting connections

... adjusting to new experiences. The new connections alter the circuitry of the brain by changing communication between neurons. The researchers said their findings aid understanding of how procedural learning induces long-term rewiring of the brain. This type of learning is used in mastering skills such as...

How IVF could be causing genetic errors in embryos

...f mouse embryos in the laboratory is sufficient to alter the expression of several imprinted genes and that this effect can be modified by the composition of the culture medium and oxygen concentration. "Interestingly, the expression of one gene, H19, was reduced regardless of the culture conditions, and ...

CHAVI announces international search for genes affecting HIV response

...biologically meaningless, but a small fraction can alter the function of a gene. Combining the effect of many slightly altered genes may significantly increase the risk of disease -- in this case, HIV/AIDS. The genome studies will be carried out at the Duke Institute for Genome Sciences & Policy and t...

Tiny airborne particles are a major cause of climate change

...louds that will persist longer. Not only does this alter the whole water cycle, but the increased cloud cover reflects more of the sun's radiation back into space, creating a local cooling effect on Earth. But to complicate matters, Koren, in another study, showed that certain types of aerosols ?those co...

Injection may prevent infertility in men receiving cancer chemotherapy

...ind mature sperm. Injection of AS101 alone did not alter testicular weight or tissue analysis results. "These results hold out much promise for fertility preservation in men undergoing cancer treatments", he said. "We now intend to study the mechanism of protection, which is still unclear. Our work su...

Tropical forest CO2 emissions tied to nutrient increases

...n a close look at how changes in key nutrients may alter soil CO2 emissions in tropical forests," said Cleveland. "Processes in the tropics affect what is happening around the globe, so this study has some big implications." Phosphorus is known as a "limiting nutrient" because its availability can gover...

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