How brain injury leads to seizures, memory problems
...ty from reaching seizure-prone brain cells further along the circuit. The dentate gyrus is a gatekeeper in maintaining a balance between two systems of neurotransmitters in the brain: the glutamate system and the gamma-aminobutyric acid system, abbreviated GABA(A). Glutamate stimulates neurons to fire, ...Study: Living coral reefs provide better protection from tsunami waves
...ientists to plan better for future tsunami strikes along local coastlines. "We now have a basic idea of what variables are important, but if you want to quantify the effectiveness of a barrier reef around a particular island, you'd want to model that island directly," Kunkel said. ...Technology for monitoring fetal oxygen during labor offers no apparent benefit
...oxygen saturation monitoring, was designed for use along with electronic fetal monitoring, which tracks the fetal heart rate, to measure changes in fetal oxygen levels. Designers of the new technology hoped that knowing the oxygen status of the baby during labor would provide information on the health of ...Asia's odd-ball antelope gets collared
...an effort to safeguard remaining populations, WCS, along with the Mongolian Academy of Sciences and support from the National Geographic Society, have embarked on this study to better understand the needs of these unusual ungulates and how best to protect them. "The GPS collars will provide information o...Getting to the heart of the heart
... in the dish) that were poised to begin developing along a cardiac pathway. The presence of these cardiac progenitors was indicated by a green fluorescent protein, which lit up when a gene called Nkx2.5 was activated. Orkin and Wu then showed that these cells further differentiated into both myocardial cel...Restoring tamoxifen sensitivity in resistant breast cancer cells
...ight retain its full strength indefinitely if used along with a second drug, according to new research in mice conducted by investigators from the National Cancer Institute (NCI), part of the National Institutes of Health, and their partners. The results appear in the December 11, 2006, issue of Cancer Cel...Ancient birds flew on all-fours
...nce it had both feathers and a bird-like wishbone, along with classic reptilian features of a long bony tail, claws and teeth. Although scientists immediately noticed feather-like structures on the hind limbs, they were dismissed as insulating body feathers that didn't play a role in the animal's flight. ...'Fruit fly dating game' provides clues to our reproductive prowess
...lub crater itself, as well as from a site in Texas along the Brazos River, and from outcrops in northeastern Mexico reveal that Chicxulub hit Earth 300,000 years before the mass extinction. Small marine animal microfossils were left virtually unscathed, says Keller. "In all these localities we can analy...Ocean temperature predicts spread of marine species
...tant species, reproduces via larvae that drift far along ocean currents before returning to join adult populations. The distance larvae travel before maturing, called dispersal, is directly linked to ocean temperature, the researchers found. For example, larvae from the same species travel far less in warm...Far more than a meteor killed dinos
...lub crater itself, as well as from a site in Texas along the Brazos River, and from outcrops in northeastern Mexico reveal that Chicxulub hit Earth 300,000 years before the mass extinction. Small marine animal microfossils were left virtually unscathed, says Keller. "In all these localities we can analy...MIT finds most complex protein knot ever seen
...s a knot. The researchers speculate that somewhere along the evolutionary line, the sequence that allowed a protein to form the knot was added or deleted. The third author on the paper is Mehran Kardar, an MIT physics professor. The research was funded by the National Science Foundation and the German Re...Killing brain tumors from within: A 'Trojan horse' approach
...ths. An article on the work of Prof. Levitzki, along with his associate Dr. Shir and Professors Manfred Orgris and Ernst Wagner of Ludwig-Maximilians University in Munich, was published in a recent article in the journal PLOS Medicine. Further testing is planned in a clinical setting. In the meanti...Cougar predation key to ecosystem health
...nges that resulted in the loss of most cottonwoods along the streambanks and heavy bank erosion." ...eambank condition, vegetation and species presence along each study site. "These two canyons, almost side by side, have a similar climate and their ecosyst...Trotting with emus to walk with dinosaurs
...ersion of the enigmatic reptiles that once trotted along a long-lost coastline in the Middle Jurassic. "We...ghtless birds are the most logical choice and are, along with all birds today, thought to be descended from dinosaurs. But not all of those alive today are g...Jumping gene could provide non-viral alternative for gene therapy
...y, viruses and transposons will integrate anywhere along the genome," he says. "If they integrate anywhere, it can obviously cause harm. If we can target the integration, be able to insert the gene at a safe spot in the genome, that would be beneficial." He confirmed that targeting integration is possible ...Inflammation markers identify fatigue in breast cancer survivors
... Patients with a decreased number of CD69+ T cells along with the high ratio of serum IL6R/monocyte-bound IL-6R were likely to experience persistent fatigue. Battling breast cancer is a daunting challenge to women diagnosed with the disease, but with advanced screening and treatment strategies, patients ...Study of gene transfer for erectile dysfunction shows promise
...cted into the corpus cavernosum, expandable tissue along the length of the penis that fills with blood during erection. A variety of clinical and laboratory tests were used to assess safety. In addition, effectiveness was measured using the International Index of Erectile Function scale, a questionnaire th...AIDS study challenges conventional treatment guidelines for HIV patients
...Case Medical Center, led by Benigno RodrÃguez, MD, along with a nationwide team of AIDS/HIV experts, strongly challenges conventional thinking about the role of measurements of the amount of HIV particles in the blood as a method of predicting a patient's ability to fight off the disease. The study, publis...Fire ant-attacking fly spreading rapidly in Texas
...ms. Researchers place traps around fire ant mounds along roads and analyze the flies they catch. They have found the introduced phorid flies attacking imported fire ants in more than 12 counties and 3.5 million acres in Central Texas and seven counties and 1.5 million acres in the Coastal Bend region of ...Striking the right balance between excitation and inhibition
...n the Molecular Neurobiology Laboratory. Goulding, along with co-lead authors, postdoctoral fellow Rumiko Mizuguchi, PhD., and Sonja Kriks, a graduate student at Georg-August University in Goettingen, Germany, analyzed the origins of a group of spinal cord "interneurons," neurons that bridge communications...