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Tag: "allows" at biology news

Expanding waistlines triggered by your genes

...lagen tissue matrix that holds fat in place, which allows fat cells to expand beneath the belly. The collaborative research team, headed by researchers Tae-Hwa Chun, Stephen Weiss, and Alan Saltiel at U-M's Life Sciences Institute (LSI), discovered that the gene membrane-type 1 matrix metalloproteinase (M...

Weizmann Institute scientists discover a molecular security mechanism for keeping mutations in check

...ts such proliferation of mutations. This mechanism allows the right enzyme to go to work at the right time, and only when it's needed. The main components in this system are the proteins p53 and p21. p53, named "molecule of the year" several years ago by Science, is well known for its central role in reinin...

Study provides first look at the 'birth' of a retina cell

...en exposed to blue light. This fluorescent protein allows scientists to identify even a few cells that are destined to be rods at very early stages of development. "For the first time we were able to see retina cells during early development, allowing us to pinpoint the exact time at which rods are 'born,'...

Scientists discover new regulating mechanism in cells

...the missing signal. It attaches to these mRNAs and allows them to be translated into protein. If RHA is missing, the proteins are not made. During this study, Boris-Lawrie and her colleagues identified additional genes in the human genome that do not undergo the processing step and probably need RHA to be...

Nanosecond-scale release of stinging jellyfish nematocysts

...e nematocyst capsule wall. This ingenious solution allows the cellular process of vesicle exocytosis to release kinetic energy in the nanosecond range by a powerful molecular spring mechanism. ...

Potato blight pathogenicity explained by genome plasticity

...s, leaves, and tubers; damage to the tuber surface allows other fungi and bacteria to enter and destroy the core, often resulting in a foul odor. P. infestans is related to approximately 65 other pathogens that cause similar damage to commercial crops as well as natural vegetation. In the potato- Phytop...

Diabetes research takes wing thanks to long-lived fruit fly

... of a molecular signal known as JNK in a fruit fly allows the fly to live 85 days instead of 60, by spurring the fly to defend itself more aggressively against the oxidative stress that accelerates with aging. Such stress comes from the same chemical process that makes cars rust in the Rochester winter: Fre...

NYU algorithm enhances ability to detect cancer genes

...s found that certain gene-chips--a technology that allows the genome-wide screening for mutations in genes or changes in gene expressions all at once--shed light on genes and mechanisms involved in the onset and spread of cancer. Specifically, chromosomal segments, when deleted in a single or both copies of...

Research offers new hope for preterm babies

...ewly-developed machine, which, for the first time, allows scientists to monitor preterm babies continuously, and at the baby's bedside. "Our new near-infrared spectroscopy is a huge advantage for our research. As blood pressure is a constantly-changing, dynamic process, it is vital for us to be able to mo...

New technology addresses female fertility preservation

...nal culture system that encapsulates follicles and allows immature eggs to grow and mature in vitro. (A follicle is a small spherical group of specialized support cells surrounding each egg.) This novel technology has already led to the live birth of healthy mice from in vitro grown follicles. The results ...

How did cactuses evolve?

...rs. "A succulent, long-lived photosynthetic system allows cacti to survive periods of extreme drought while maintaining well-hydrated tissues." Recent molecular phylogenetic work has confirmed that Pereskia, a genus that consists of 17 species of leafy shrubs and trees, is where the earliest cactus lineag...

Prevention is the best option: fighting autoimmune diseases

...the total number. The blood test we have developed allows us for the first time to accurately count thenumbe... that cannot be obtained by any other method as it allows every cell to be identified and sorted on an individual basis. "The ability to detect regulatory T ...

One-dimensional diffusion accelerates molecular motors

...ategy is surprisingly efficient and successful. It allows MCAK to localize microtubule ends very quickly. Howard says, "when it gets there, MCAK eats like a Pacman into the end of the microtubule." The chromosome halves follow this movement and are this way accurately distributed on the daughter cells. ...

New research promising for improving brain cell survival after brain injury

... "BP5's pattern of expression indicates that it allows neurons to survive in a stressed environment," Prof Tan said. "We have tested this hypothesis in mice by expressing BP5 in stressedneurons and this proof-of-principle experiment showed that BP5 can prevent neurons from undergoing cell death. "B...

The molecular post office inside the cell

...ract, certain areas open up on the ribosome, which allows the ribosome to dock onto another complex. The lat...sites are made available for the translocon, which allows it to bind to the ribosome. Understanding this key event during protein sorting is essential to unde...

Meth promotes spread of virus in HIV-infected users

...duce the virus into the body, and at the same time allows more virus to get into the cell," said Nair, professor of medicine and a specialist in immunology in the UB School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences. His research centers on dendritic cells, which serve as the first line of defense again patho...

Harmful Algal Blooms monitored from space in Chile

.... Early detection of Harmful Algal Blooms (HABs) allows fish farmers to make timely key decisions in order to minimise the damage to aquaculture. To aid in this effort, a team led by Hatfield Consultants Ltd. (Hatfield), under the ESA-funded Chilean Aquaculture Project (CAP), has implemented an early warn...

UCSD researchers develop 'smart petri dish'

...hat a patient may be taking. The Smart Petri Dish allows us to perform a large number of such toxicity assays simultaneously, in order to provide an early indication of the particular physiological or pharmacological conditions that need more in-depth study." "Although we performed these experiments on ra...

New bird flu drug promises to beat the problem of resistance

...n the throat whilst the second, neuraminidase (N), allows the new virus particles to chop their way off the surface of an infected cell so that they can spread to infect other cells. (Differences in the H and N proteins allow scientists to distinguish between the different types of influenza virus. For in...

Researchers unveil strategy for creating actively-programmed anti-cancer molecules

... Moreover, the study indicated that this approach allows for the effective assembly of chemically programmed antibodies in vivo or in vitro, widening the possibilities for their therapeutic application. The compound could be created in vitro and delivered as a conventional single therapy. Alternately, the ...

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