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Tag: "airborne" at biology news

Dirty snow may warm Arctic as much as greenhouse gases

...ds; and land use. Humans create the majority of airborne soot through industry and fuel combustion, while forest and open-field fires account for the rest. Because of human activity, greenhouse gas levels have increased by one-third in the last two centuries. “A one-third change in concentration is huge...

Small, self-controlled planes combine plant pathology and engineering

...tonomous unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) to detect airborne pathogens above agricultural fields. David Schm...ists have used aircraft to monitor the movement of airborne pathogens for years, but Schmale is the first plant pathologist to use an autonomous system for this...

Scientists close in on missing carbon sink

...arch team compared the air samples to estimates of airborne carbon dioxide concentrations generated by the com...ost of the models significantly underestimated the airborne concentrations of carbon dioxide in northern latitudes, especially in the summer, when plants take i...

Spreading viruses as we breathe

... Queensland University of Technology which reveals airborne viruses can spread far and wide. Professor Lidia Morawska, director of QUT's International Laboratory for Air Quality and Health, said the study dispelled the myth that viruses emitted from humans only travel a metre in the air. Professor Moraws...

Cornell lab confirms deadly fish virus spreading to new species

...the virus include the movement of infected fish by airborne or terrestrial predators, anglers using infected bait minnows, contaminated fishing equipment or live water wells in boats, boating activities and ballast water. "Basically, we don’t know how it got here, but it is here and it’s spreading," said Bo...

Soft-cell approach cuts animal tests

... and Chris Winder, directly exposes human cells to airborne toxicants and measures cytotoxic effects. The cell...d. In many inhalation studies, the toxicity of airborne chemicals is tested on laboratory animals by placing them in enclosed chambers and subjecting them t...

Smoking ban dramatically reduces air pollution in Irish pubs

...n air pollution in pubs, an 80 percent decrease in airborne carcinogens for patrons and staff, and an improvement in the respiratory health of bar workers, according to a one-year follow-up study. The research appears in the second issue for April 2007 of the American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care...

QUT scientists on the way to sifting out a cure for HIV

...or example this technology could be used to filter airborne viruses such as the Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome (SARS) and the avian flu virus, both of which are currently a major concern to the international community." He said because the membrane was designed to permit a large flux or flow, it could a...

Ethanol vehicles pose a significant risk to human health, study finds

...overall health effects depend on exposure to these airborne chemicals, which varies from region to region. Ours is the first ethanol study that takes into account population distribution and the complex environmental interactions.'' In the experiment, Jacobson ran a series of computer tests simulating atmo...

In presence of fragrant cleaning products, air purifiers that emit ozone can dirty the air

...one as a byproduct of ionization used for charging airborne particles and electrostatically attracting them to...rticulate matter in indoor air." High levels of airborne particles can aggravate asthma and cardiovascular problems, and have been linked to higher death and...

Opening windows may be the best way of preventing transmission of airborne infection

...maximizes natural ventilation and that the risk of airborne contagion is lower than with mechanical ventilation systems. Old-fashioned clinical areas with high ceilings and large windows provided the greatest protection. In a related perspective article Peter Wilson, from University College London, conclud...

Researchers link ocean organisms with increased cloud cover and potential climate change

... satellite data, the researchers hypothesized that airborne particles produced by oxidation of the chemical isoprene ?which is emitted by the phytoplankton ?may have contributed to a doubling of cloud droplet concentrations seen over a large area of ocean off the eastern coast of South America. Using com...

Children of allergy sufferers prone to same problem

... the current practice of avoiding skin testing for airborne allergens before age 4 or 5 should be reconsidered...ose with allergies, were sensitized to one or more airborne or food allergens. Eighteen percent were positive to one or more airborne allergens, and 13.7 percen...

Study finds the air rich with bacteria

...cteria, according to a first-of-its-kind census of airborne microbes recently conducted by scientists from the...iate between normal and suspicious fluctuations in airborne pathogens. It will also help scientists establish a baseline of airborne microbes, which they can us...

Solvent exposure linked to birth defects in babies of male painters

...ks low birth weight and birth defects to paternal, airborne exposure to organic solvents such as paints, thinner and cleansers. The study, although preliminary in its parent-reported assessment of birth outcomes and small numbers of reported cases, is the first of its kind to link concentrations of solvents...

Parasitic plants sniff out hosts

...ompound raises the possibility of eventually using airborne chemicals to deter plant parasites. Looking forward, they would also like to determine exactly how the parasites are able to sense and respond to host volatiles. They hope to identify the specific chemical receptors involved. They are also examini...

UCI scientists find chlorine may contribute to ozone formation

..." Saltzman said. "Most likely the process involves airborne marine particles, but research is needed to understand how it occurs." Inland ozone levels typically are higher than on the coast, mainly because of meteorological conditions that restrict air circulation and trap pollutants. Ozone is a highly react...

Airborne mold spores increase kids' risk for multiple allergies

...nfants who were exposed to basidiospores and other airborne fungal spores--specifically penicillium/aspergillu...irst study to show a relationship between specific airborne fungal spores and an increased risk for multiple allergies in children, the UC team reports in an up...

Tiny airborne particles are a major cause of climate change

...ity when they suggested a few years back that tiny airborne particles, known as aerosols, may be one of the main culprits causing climate change ?having, on a local scale, an even greater impact than the greenhouse gases effect. Attempts to understand how these particles influence clouds have generated many u...

Microbes hitchhike across Atlantic on desert dust

...l population counts increased with the presence of airborne desert dust. "The phenomenon known as desert-dust...many as 1 billion bacterial cells, the presence of airborne dust should correspond with increased concentrations of airborne microorganisms," says Griffin Viab...

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