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Tag: "against" at biology news

Manipulating nature: Scientists query wildlife birth-control method

...mal's immune system to produce antibodies that act against some essential event or structure in the reproductive process. The antibodies can act against sperm, eggs or reproductive hormones, which prevent either fertilization or the production of sperm ...

Mechanisms involved with tumor relapse identified

...y pathogens or tumors in order to protect the host against infection or cancers. Production of interferon gamma by lymphocytes against tumors is considered a sign of good prognosis; however, recent study findings indicate that this may...

Why doesn't the immune system attack the small intestine?

...hy the body's immune system - perpetually on guard against foreign microbes like bacteria ?doesn't attack tissues in the small intestine that harbor millions of bacteria cells. In a study in the February issue of Nature Immunology, and which is currently available on the journal's Web site as an advanced on...

Fighting to keep Darwin in the classroom

...ded it's time to help science educators fight back against the strong pressure creationists are exerting on public education. In the new journal Outreach and Education in Evolution, to be published by Springer starting in March 2008, editors-in-chief Niles and Greg Eldredge intend to fill the gap between sc...

Yale biologists 'trick' viruses into extinction

...proach has intriguing potential for new treatments against human viruses," said Turner. "A similar idea alrea...urner believes that similar trickery might be used against human viruses like HIV. He notes that HIV recognizes the T-cells it infects by CD4 molecules on the ...

Wheat can fatally starve insect predators

...t to fortify its cell walls or make poisons to use against insects and pathogens." Instead, the researchers found that a specific protein, called HFR-3, one of a group of substances called lectins, is capable of binding with a carbohydrate complex in the Hessian fly larvae. The lectin acts as a key to the...

Scientists find new genes for Crohn's disease

...portant in the generation of a protective response against microbes, may lead to an increased risk of developing the condition. Particularly interesting to the authors was the association between Crohn's and variations in the ATG16L1 gene, which they found is essential for the cell's normal mechanism for ...

Darwin's famous finches and Venter's marine microbes

...coin. He ran all the public sequences and GOS data against Pfam, a collection of signature profiles for all known protein families. Each of these profiles is an average of all known members of a certain protein family. "Instead of starting with a human kinase to find a bacterial kinase, for example, you s...

Cartilage discovery offers arthritis hope

...ience severe pain as the two ends of the bones rub against each other." The team's findings ?published in the journal Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences ?also explain why mutations in cartilage collagen genes cause osteoarthritis. "Without a detailed understanding of the structure of these f...

Scientists find potential 'off-switch' for HIV virus

...metaphorical generals in the body's defense system against illness. When an HIV virus particle invades a T cell, most often it converts the cell into a factory for making other viral particles, killing the cell in the process. Without these T cells, the body loses its ability to repel other infectious bacter...

Scripps research study reveals structural dynamics of single prion molecules

...loid formation, as well as in designing strategies against misfolding diseases." Interestingly, the new study revealed that yeast prion protein Sup35 lacks a specific, static structure in its native collapsed state. Instead, the compact protein fluctuates among several different structures before forming ...

Is there a pilot in the insect?

...nce value. The insect has to make a forced landing against the wind, but a safe landing, because it takes place at a vertical speed of zero. Reactions of this type to a headwind have been described countless times in insects and even in birds. They are also observed on the microhelicopter each time it faces ...

Canadian study shows bilingualism has protective effect in delaying onset of dementia by four years

...e thought to provide a general protective function against the onset of dementia symptoms. Now scientists with the Rotman Research Institute at the Baycrest Research Centre for Aging and the Brain have found the first evidence that another lifestyle factor, bilingualism, may help delay dementia symptoms....

Cancer vaccines -- Taking a jab at cancer by stimulating the immune system

...t FDA-approved cancer vaccine, designed to protect against human papillomavirus, has moved from scientific di...ancer, shows that the vaccine continues to protect against HPV types 16 and 18 at five and a half years into the study, according to researchers from the Unive...

What recognizes what in plant disease resistance?

... protein that specifically recognizes and protects against one pathogen or strain of a pathogen carrying a corresponding Avirulence (Avr) gene. In tobacco and its relatives, the N resistance protein confers resistance to infection by the Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). The authors used N, and the TMV Avirulen...

Researchers from the UGR use a bacterium to obtain biopreservatives from food

...pH and temperature and has a broad action spectrum against numerous bacteria, including pathogenic bacteria t...eriocins are proteins that are biologically active against members of the same species or species closely related to the producing bacterium. Some noteworthy b...

Scientists unveil piece of HIV protein that may be key to AIDS vaccine development

...ized just how many levels of defense the virus has against attacks by the immune system." For example, not only does HIV mutate rapidly and continuously—defeating attempts by the immune system to identify and destroy it—the virus is also swathed by sugary molecules. This nearly impenetrable sugar cloak preve...

Finnish scientists discovered a new approach to treat virus-induced lymphomas

...patients. There are no current therapies effective against the aggressive KSHV-induced PEL. KSHV displays two patterns of infection: latent and lytic phase. During latency, only a restricted set of viral genes is expressed. The KSHV genome encodes several homologues of cellular proteins, which engage cellula...

Hofmeyr skull supports the 'Out of Africa' theory

...r genetic studies (generally on nuclear DNA) argue against this African origin and exodus model. Instead, they suggest that archaic non-African groups, such as the Neandertals, made significant contributions to the genomes of modern humans in Eurasia. Until now, the lack of human fossils of appropriate antiq...

White blood cells in lung produce histamine seen in allergies

...own, mast cells actually play a role in protecting against bacteria," Caughey explains. "For example, a mouse without mast cells with the equivalent of a ruptured appendix will die of the resulting infection, while a mouse with mast cells can survive." When the infected mice without mast cells were given a...

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