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Tag: "affect" at biology news

Re-analysis of cigarettes confirms tobacco companies increased addictive nicotine 11 percent

...and smokeless tobacco product design features that affect nicotine delivery - as well as testing of a sample of brands for the actual delivery of nicotine to the body. ...

Largest genomic search finds genes that may contribute to autism

...ed in one of 166 children in the United States and affect four times as many boys as girls. "These findings are a piece of the puzzle. As we identify these genes we will be able to screen young children for autism at an early age and begin interventions earlier, which can have a dramatic effect for some...

Stretching DNA to the limit

...e induced by this crosslinking can very profoundly affect the ability of DNA to recognize specific molecules, and can thus completely disrupt its ability to replicate and interact with the transcriptional machinery to synthesize proteins. Marszalek and his colleagues have also examined synthetic DNA to figu...

Experience affects new neuron survival in adult brain; study sheds light on learning, memory

...n about these experiences may explain how they can affect learning and memory in adults. A team of researchers headed by Fred Gage, PhD, of the Salk Institute, found that experience enhances the survival of new neurons in a brain area called the dentate gyrus, and that more of these new neurons were activ...

Salamanders suffer delayed effects of common herbicide

...ng individuals within and between species that can affect our estimates of safe chemical concentrations." Atrazine is one of the most widely used pesticides in the United States, and possibly the world. It is relatively long-lived and is even found at the poles. According to the U.S Environmental Protec...

Morphine makes lasting -- and surprising -- change in the brain

...d a new piece to the puzzle of how addictive drugs affect the brain," Kauer said. "We’ve shown here that morphine makes lasting changes in the brain by blocking a mechanism that’s believed to be the key to memory making. So these findings reinforce the notion that addiction is a form of pathological learnin...

Study finds mercury prevalent in many western fish

...h has been done on how different levels of mercury affect mink, otter and related animals. Nevertheless, the survey found that 93 percent of the streams and rivers with large piscivores exceeded that level of mercury deemed "protective" for fish-eating mammals. Conducting the study with Herlihy and Hughe...

Reactivated gene shrinks tumors

...p53 reactivation. In contrast, sarcomas (which affect connective tissues) did not undergo apoptosis but went into a state of senescence, or no growth. Those tumors took longer to shrink but the senescent tumor cells were eventually cleared away. The researchers are not sure why these two cancers are ...

The influence of the menstrual cycle on the female brain

...at influence ovulation and reproduction; they also affect a large number of cognitive and affective functions. These two observations show that gonadal neurosteroids6 modulate the female dopaminergic system, but the question remains as to whether these hormones modulate the reward system neuron network. ...

A first glimpse of the influenza replication machine

...s into how the protein works and how mutations may affect host range." Together with scientists at the IB...e of interaction. This suggests that mutations may affect the efficiency of nuclear transport and through this the ability of the virus to replicate in differ...

Minuscule molecules pack a powerful punch

...at, although knockout of miR-155 did not appear to affect normal growth and development of cells in the immune system, each major cell type - T-cells, B-cells and dendritic cells - performed less well. "These findings demonstrate the importance of this level of control in the immune system and will lead ...

Does a peptide affect the heart's response to social isolation?

... provide further insight into how these mechanisms affect humans. The study was conducted by Angela J. Grippo, C. Sue Carter and Stephen W. Porges, all with the Department of Psychiatry and Brain-Body Center at University of Illinois at Chicago and is titled Chronic Oxytocin Treatment Mediates Heart Rate ...

Genes and genius: Researchers confirm association between gene and intelligence

... to learn what is going on biologically that might affect cognitive performance. Presently, she says it's to...might be influencing communication in the brain to affect intelligence, and she says it's nearly certain CHRM2 is not the only gene involved. "Perhaps as ...

Reversing cancer cells to normal cells

...ould communicate with the zebrafish stem cells and affect their early development. The zebrafish is a widely-used organism for genetic and developmental studies because of its prolific reproduction, rapid development, and transparent embryo that develops outside the body (making it especially easy to simply...

Researcher examines polymers created with poultry feathers

...e modified using divalent transition metal ions to affect stiffness and smell. These will help the keratin polymer be processed faster, be more aesthetically pleasing, and become water resistant and stronger for increased longevity. ...

Widely used hepatitis B drug spurs HIV drug resistance

...titute investigator, specifically tests what drugs affect HIV and can be tailored to probe effects on any particular mutant of HIV. Lab results showed that entecavir, in concentrations less than a tenth of what is used in humans, cut the number of newly infected cells in half. However, at increasing c...

Light wine intake is associated with longer life expectancy in men

...efits is not advised." How alcohol or wine might affect cardiovascular risk merits further research, but right now the American Heart Association does not recommend beginning to drink wine or any other form of alcohol to gain these potential benefits. The association does recommend that to reduce your ri...

A potential biological cause for sudden infant death syndrome

...ike maternal smoking and alcohol use may adversely affect development of the brainstem serotonin system during this time. More research is needed to explain what causes the abnormalities and how they can be prevented. The findings also provide a biological explanation for why SIDS occurs twice as ofte...

Global map shows new patterns of extinction risk

...destroyed. However, different factors entirely may affect mammals such as tigers which are under threat from poachers, and amphibians which are being diminished by diseases brought into their habitat by non-native fish. "This means that even if a mountainous area has a real problem with endangered amphi...

Low levels of neurotransmitter serotonin may perpetuate child abuse across generations

...dual variation in maternal behavior in monkeys can affect the brain development of the offspring, and the first to show a link between serotonin and infant abuse in primates. Other research using rats as animal models has shown that serotonin production is influenced by a mother's treatment of her offsprin...

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