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Tag: "advantage" at biology news

Drug resistant avian influenza viruses more common in Southeast Asia than North America

... beneficial genetic trait that gives it a survival advantage in a particular environment and therefore makes the organism more likely to survive and multiply; or a trait that makes it vulnerable to something in the environment, and therefore more likely to become extinct. The increasing incidence of amantadin...

An essential regulator of body weight revealed

... them entirely in mice. To do this, the team took advantage of the fact that, unlike humans, mice are not susceptible to the toxin produced by diphtheria bacteria. They generated genetically modified mice whose NPY/AgRP neurons produced the molecule needed to recognize and take up that toxin. Then, by adminis...

Biotechnology's newest chemical tool

...ists found that methyltransferases have a distinct advantage over other commonly used labeling techniques for DNA and other biopolymers. "Our approach allows labeling of large native DNA molecules at specific internal or terminal loci," Klimasauskas explained. While potential applications are many, the resea...

Customized gene chip provides rapid detection of genetic changes in children's cancer

...pears in the August issue of Genome Research. One advantage of their technique is its flexibility, said co-author John M. Maris, M.D., a pediatric oncologist at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia. "As future research identifies other genes active in neuroblastoma, we can modify the microarray to include ...

Solexa and collaborating scientists illuminate the small RNA component of the transcriptome

...a genome-wide scale." Solexa's technology has the advantage of producing highly accurate, reproducible and quantitative readouts of the full complement of activated genes and small RNAs, including genes expressed at low levels, without requiring advance knowledge of the genes or sequences of interest. Solexa ...

Anti-cancer Compound In Beer Gaining Interest

...higher levels of xanthohumol, specifically to take advantage of its anti-cancer properties. Some beers already have higher levels of these compounds than others. The lager and pilsner beers commonly sold in domestic U.S. brews have fairly low levels of these compounds, but some porter, stout and ale brews have...

Embryonic stem cells accrue genetic changes

...a particular cell line because they conferred some advantage as the cells were grown in laboratory dishes. Whether the changes affect the stem cells' abilities to become other cell types is also unknown. Although research with human embryonic stem cells is still in the lab -- not the clinic -- focusing on wh...

Life in deadly conditions

... ways that Natronomonas pharaonis can take optimal advantage of the low incidence of nitrogen: through the uptake and metabolism of nitrate and urea, as well as the efficient uptake of ammonia. The co-operation of theoretically and experimentally-oriented researchers shed light on other questions. The bioinfo...

Computer models aid understanding of antibody-dependent enhancement in spread of dengue fever

Evolutionary trade-off exists between advantage and disadvantage Some viruses' ability to exploit...hancement offers an evolutionary trade-off between advantage and disadvantage for the dengue virus. The findings could one day lead to new strategies for develop...

University of Delaware researchers develop cancer 'nanobomb'

... current technology, including microsurgery. An advantage over other carbon nanotube treatments being considered by scientists is that with nanobombs, the carbon nanotubes are destroyed along with the cancer cells. Once the nanobombs are exploded and kill cancer cells, macrophages can effectively clear the ...

New clues to the dark side of a key anti-tumor guardian

...cell types, it may be possible to take therapeutic advantage of p53's tumor-preventing activity while avoiding its unwanted negative effects on lifespan. ...

Gene therapy for muscular dystrophy fixes frail muscle cells in animal model, Stanford study finds

...outside the DNA and slowly breaks down. The second advantage is that her method doesn't rely on a virus to disperse the DNA and therefore avoids some of the issues, including cancer and an immune reaction, that have turned up in viral gene therapy trials. Instead this approach uses naked DNA that travels throu...

Seaweed yields new compounds with pharmaceutical potential

...ct by a process called chromatography, which takes advantage of the different chemical characteristics of compounds. Finally, researchers used X-ray crystallography (work done at Emory University in Atlanta), nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy and mass spectral analyses to determine how carbon, oxygen,...

Nanoparticles, nanoshells, nanotubes: How tiny specks may provide powerful tools against cancer

...ey work with, nanotechnology to treat cancer takes advantage of much of the biology already known about the dis...lls, while leaving normal cells alone. They took advantage of the abundance of receptors for luteinizing hormone releasing hormone (LHRH) on breast cancer cell...

Envisat radar surveillance protects endangered prehistoric fish

...is a remote and inaccessible place, but it has the advantage of being at the centre of the area we want to survey," explained Philippe Schwab, Technical director of CLS. "New images are received in real time, then automatically processed to discriminate radar echoes from vessels in the zone. Each vessel is the...

University of Arizona plant scientists to unravel maize genome

...s developing bioindustry." Wing's team will take advantage of the state-of-the-art genomics facilities in the Thomas W. Keating Building, the future home of BIO5, scheduled for completion in spring 2006. "The new building will offer the increased space we need to expand our laboratory facilities for the pr...

Model identifies genes that induce normal skin cells to become abnormal

... this poorly differentiated cell type serves as an advantage to aggressive cancer cells by enhancing their ability to metastasize virtually undetected by the immune system. The group's current study tested the hypothesis that the microenvironment of metastatic melanoma cells could induce benign skin cells to ...

Novel protein complex enables survival in hostile environment

...having it in advance gave the organism a selective advantage when oxygen, and consequently sulfite, appeared," Mukhopadhyay said. "Since we now know that methanogens had a way to handle sulfite toxicity, we could hypothesize that the rest of the sulfate reduction pathway once existed in these organisms." Jo...

Same-sex mating by fungi spawned infection outbreak, evidence suggests

...in the same mating-type may confer an evolutionary advantage when the opposite mating type is unavailable," Heitman said. "Other human pathogens or parasites may harbor cryptic same-sex cycles that contribute to produce progeny with altered virulence, geographic or host range or other advantageous characterist...

Synthetic Protein Eases Arthritis Symptoms in Mice

...nt, notes Dr. Lenardo, because it may represent an advantage over some currently used arthritis drugs, which directly block TNF-alpha by binding to both TNFRs and thereby inhibit beneficial actions mediated by TNFR-2. The scientists next aim to develop a more stable form of P60 PLAD. Ultimately, they hope to ...

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