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Tag: "advantage" at biology news

Too mellow for our predatory world

...e in such costly behaviour, providing them with an advantage in terms of fitness", speculates Roedl. The scientists’ findings are a first indication why tame animals have become extinct in many continents but also provide fresh arguments for conservation biologists. For in the meantime, the government of E...

Bitter taste identifies poisons in foods

...-occurring glucosinolates would confer a selective advantage to the over 1 billion people who presently have low iodine status and are at risk for thyroid insufficiency. In the study, 35 healthy adults were genotyped for the hTAS2R38 bitter taste receptor gene; the three genotypes were PAV/PAV (sensitive to...

Researchers barcode DNA of Venice museum's vast fungi collection

...to the scientific community should be able to take advantage of." ...

Caterpillars tell us how bacteria cause disease

... immune systems and animal immune systems to their advantage by developing RVA - a new way to investigate the genetic basis of 'virulence' factors in insect pathogens. Instead of looking at the whole genome ?which codes for the entire bacteria, Dr Waterfield's team fragment the genome and insert different gene...

Soil nutrition affects carbon sequestration in forests

...rests still sequester carbon, but cannot take full advantage increasing CO2 levels. Due to land use history, many forests are deficient in soil nutrition, but forest management -- including fertilizing with nitrogen -- can greatly increase growth rate and wood growth responses to elevated atmospheric CO2." ...

Mayo Clinic: Gene expression profiling not quite perfected in predicting lung cancer prognosis

... cell type and tumor grade outweigh the predictive advantage of a gene expression profile. "Any new technique that does not significantly outperform less expensive and easily conducted approaches is less likely to be useful in clinical practice," the authors wrote. Few studies have compared conventional met...

Does natural selection drive the evolution of cancer?

... investing resources in producing the signals take advantage of the nutrients nonetheless. Mutualism describes a situation in which two organisms interact in a mutually beneficial way. Tumor cells send signals to stimulate the growth of the cells that form the scaffold in which the tumor cells grow, known a...

Human stem cells delay start of Lou Gehrig's disease in rats

...far from possible, Koliatsos hopes to take further advantage of his rodents with ALS to learn as much as possible about how human stem cells behave when transplanted. ...

Chemical tests of cell growth enter third dimension

...ing on their own custom plate design. There is an advantage to using more wells: The eight empty wells supply nutrients to the cells in the middle well, so tests can run for up to two weeks without researchers having to replenish the growth medium. "If you replenish the medium, you could essentially grow cel...

An artificial cornea is in sight, thanks to biomimetic hydrogels

...ver the top of the inlayed lens. Inlays offer an advantage over LASIK surgery, which works but isn't reversible, Myung says. He envisions implantable contact lenses that can be replaced if the prescription changes. Hydrogel lenses may even make their way deeper into the eye as replacements for inner-eye le...

U-M researchers use nanoparticles to target brain cancer

...articles were attracted to the tumor site. The advantage of this delivery system is the ability to attack the tumor with higher doses of a drug while sparing normal tissue from a drug's toxic side effects. "Our research suggests that you can take a drug that may be toxic to normal tissue ?it could be an...

Nanoparticle assembly enters the fast lane

... rigid, double-stranded DNA. Their technique takes advantage of this molecule's natural tendency to pair up components called bases, known by the code letters A, T, G and C. "In biology, DNA is mainly an informational material, while in nanoscience, DNA is an excellent structural material due to its natura...

Study shows enzyme builds neurotransmitters via newly discovered pathway

...iewed as complementary drug targets. One potential advantage of this approach is that it may prove more selective than a receptor antagonist. By inhibiting enzymes such as Abh4, we may be able to disrupt the activity of a single class of endocannabinoids, rather than all of them." In the new study, the resear...

Brown seaweed contains promising fat fighter, weight reducer

...iewed as complementary drug targets. One potential advantage of this approach is that it may prove more selective than a receptor antagonist. By inhibiting enzymes such as Abh4, we may be able to disrupt the activity of a single class of endocannabinoids, rather than all of them." In the new study, the resear...

Nanotechnology propels advances in regenerative medicine research

...iewed as complementary drug targets. One potential advantage of this approach is that it may prove more selective than a receptor antagonist. By inhibiting enzymes such as Abh4, we may be able to disrupt the activity of a single class of endocannabinoids, rather than all of them." In the new study, the resear...

Seals protect brain, conserve oxygen by turning off shivering response on icy dives

...elf requires oxygen, there is an oxygen-conserving advantage to not shivering when diving. In addition to slowing metabolism and generally reducing the need for oxygen, the researchers found that the seal's brain may cool about 3° C during the dives. The cooler brain requires less energy and oxygen and redu...

'Conversation stoppers' fight deadly bacterial infections

...iewed as complementary drug targets. One potential advantage of this approach is that it may prove more selective than a receptor antagonist. By inhibiting enzymes such as Abh4, we may be able to disrupt the activity of a single class of endocannabinoids, rather than all of them." In the new study, the resear...

University of Iowa scientists explore function of 'junk DNA'

...y allow scientists to turn that knowledge to their advantage as a medical tool. ...

Scientists design simple dipstick test for cocaine, other drugs

... on its Web site. "Our lateral flow devices take advantage of the difference in size between dispersed and aggregated gold nanostructures," Lu said. "This provides critical control for the performance of the devices." The lateral flow device consists of four overlapping pads ?wicking, conjugation, membrane...

Progress made in HIV vaccine development

...ry strategies. Replication-defective rAd5 has the advantage of targeted, efficient gene delivery and high potency, but may be susceptible to anti-vector immunity," said Graham. Both vaccines were tested in healthy uninfected adult volunteers. The DNA vaccine was found safe and well-tolerated. By week 12 f...

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