advances 2 7

Tag: "advances" at biology news

Marine bacterium suspected to play role in global carbon and nitrogen cycles

...chniques can complement one another to achieve big advances in our understanding of the complexity of our global ecosystem." Kane says studies like these continue to highlight the importance of non disease-causing microorganisms and their critical role in our understanding of global environmental cycles. ...

Energy management in cells may hold key to cancer defense

... too quickly. The study's results could signal new advances for combating cancerous tumor growth, but also type 2 diabetes and obesity. The study, published in the August 12 issue of the Journal of Biological Chemistry (JBC), was headed by Dr. Lee Witters, Eugene W. Leonard 1921 Professor of Medicine and Bi...

MSU researchers receive $4 million grant to uncover gene functions

...biotechnology and genomics worldwide, resulting in advances in human health and agriculture. The chloroplast gives green plants their color and carries out photosynthesis and produces oxygen. It can be thought of as the world's life-support system. It is an attractive target for biotechnology because it prod...

Analysis of flower genes reveals the fate of an ancient gene duplication

In a step that advances our ability to discern the ancient evolutionary relationships between different genes and their biological functions, researchers have provided insight into the present-day outcome of a single gene duplication that occurred over a hundred million yea...

Beetle-inspired switch uses water for bonding

...rchers. "Almost all the greatest technological advances have depended on switches, and this is a switch that is fast and can be scaled down," said Paul Steen, a professor of chemical and biomolecular engineering at Cornell and co-author of a paper published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sc...

NIH renews network focused on how genes influence drug responses

...esponses to medicines, the PGRN is making critical advances that will maximize the benefits of treatment while minimizing adverse side effects. This will ultimately improve patient outcomes and reduce health care costs," said NIH Director Elias A. Zerhouni, MD. The network is supported by nine NIH component...

New type of rejection blocker protects kidneys after transplant

...vercoming organ rejection. However, Vincenti said, advances have only been modest in terms of keeping the organ healthy over the course of years. Paradoxically, anti-rejection drugs like cyclosporine contribute to health problems including cardiovascular disease -- the leading cause of death among kidney tran...

Microscopic brain imaging in the palm of your hand

...ting a handheld device based on some of the latest advances in micromotors, lensing and fiber optics (see accompanying article for more information), the researchers were able to establish a new technique that enables them to obtain microscopic images deeper in the living brain than was possible before microe...

Disease diagnosis, bioengineering covered at state nano summit

...e area of protein design. He will discuss current advances in the use of selection and randomization to intel...lve protein function, as well as the role of these advances in the application of nanotechnology. For instance, in Krause's laboratory, what starts off as a mer...

Major advance made on DNA structure

...e University researchers have made significant new advances in determining the structure of all possible DNA s..., researchers say, helps set the stage for applied advances in biology, biomedicine, genetic engineering, nanotechnology and other fields. The recent work was ...

Newly discovered genetic disease sheds light on body's water balance

... and bench-to-bedside progress leads to more rapid advances that benefit our patients." The authors note in the New England Journal article, "The V2 receptor has been an important tool for understanding the physiology of water balance -- (Also) it has served as a prototype for G protein-coupled receptor biol...

High-powered gene profiles provide clues to genes involved in common form of lung cancer

...s after diagnosis. In recent years, technological advances have brought new precision to the search for gene abnormalities associated with cancer. In the current study, Dana-Farber researchers used two forms of microarray technology to bring such abnormalities into focus. Using tumor samples from 44 NSCLC p...

Hopkins AIDS experts issue warning about global efforts to provide drug therapies

...iral therapies. The first two pivotal events were advances to treat if not cure then-fatal diseases: the discovery of insulin for diabetes in 1922 and the mass distribution of the antibiotic penicillin in 1943. In the case of diabetes, insulin's availability turned a once-fatal disease into a chronic, manag...

Experiment station researchers to explore genome of disease-fighting fungus

...Sequencing Program, we are leveraging the dramatic advances in genomic technology accrued since DOE launched t...ortions ?in effect doubling every 18 months. These advances have led DOE JGI to emerge as one of the preeminent contributors to microbial and plant genomics." ...

Chemical Engineer Kao Explores Antibiotic Synthesis With DNA Chips

.... By hijacking molecular synthesis with the latest advances in biotechnology--and inducing bacteria to overproduce antibiotics--Kao aims to greatly speed up drug development. "Companies have proprietary mutant [bacterial] strains that have been worked on for more than 20 years, but many of the mutations stil...

Single-donor Islet Transplantation Procedure Shows Promise For Patients With Type 1 Diabetes

...o become a widespread clinical reality, additional advances are still needed. In particular, restoration of insulin independence must be achieved with a single donor, as is also the case with pancreas transplants, to reduce the risks and costs and increase the availability of islet transplantation. Bernhard ...

Fox Chase study shows that weakened T-cell receptor signals change T-cell lineage

...e immune system can lead to scientific and medical advances in stimulating desirable immune responses and halting unwanted ones. "Although their precise function is still unclear, delta-gamma T cells seem to form the first line of response against external disease-causing agents, including bacterial infectio...

15-year hunt finds cause of pseudothalidomide syndrome

...e disease itself, say the researchers. Because of advances in technology and computer analysis, the researchers were able to find the Roberts gene, called ESCO2, by studying samples from just 15 Roberts syndrome families from Colombia, Turkey, Canada and Italy and to provide insight into its biological effec...

Molecular fossils uncover link between viruses and the immune system

...f animals. These results are an outcome of recent advances in structural biology, a new discipline integrating applied physics, biochemistry and biology, which have permitted detailed comparison of viral structures in atomic detail. Such comparison led to the discovery that viruses without any sequence homol...

Study reveals new technique for fingerprinting environmental samples

...itions large-scale genome sequencing to accelerate advances in environmental sciences akin to the contributions DNA sequencing has made to biomedical sciences. "These DNA sequence fingerprints can be used to provide highly accurate assessments of the vitality of extremely diverse environments," said Dr. Raym...

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