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Tag: "adapt" at biology news

Scientists directly view immune cells interacting to avert autoimmunity

...vo in mouse models, the researchers hope to better adapt the regulatory T cells for therapeutic use in the future. For example, Tang said, one can imagine that at the early stage of an autoimmune attack, it may be very helpful to direct the therapeutic regulatory T cells to the lymph nodes so they interact...

A salty tale: New bacterial genome sequenced from ancient salterns

..."Scientists are increasingly learning how microbes adapt to harsh environments," remarks Mongodin, first author on the PNAS study, funded by a grant from the National Science Foundation and United States Department of Agriculture. "S. ruber illustrates that even in a really extreme environment, bacteria ca...

Bees solve complex colour puzzles

... problem to solve, since all vision needs to do is adapt itself to the scene's average colour, a bit like adapting to the darkness of a cinema. Far more difficult is to recognise the surface or object under multiple lights simultaneously, since adapting to the scene's average colour - which was previously ...

Sooner is better with cochlear implants, Stanford scientist shows

...ng history of studying the ability of the brain to adapt to new circumstances and learn new skills. But most of his work is done with owls. The inspiration for the study in children came from a casual talk between Knudsen and Nathan Fox, PhD, director of the University of Maryland's Child Development Lab. ...

Travelers can avoid jet lag by resetting their body clocks

... of the body occur earlier) thereby helping people adapt to night shift work or to a new time zone following rapid transmeridian jet travel. Melatonin alone has been shown to synchronize the circadian clock of the blind to the 24-hour day. "However, this is the first study to show that melatonin and bri...

Bacteria that cause tooth decay able to survive without important biochemical pathway

...cteria altered to lack SRP components were able to adapt and survive gradual increases in acid resulting from their own metabolism, suggesting a backup pathway was in place. But, like goldfish dropped in new water, the altered bacteria could not contend with sudden environmental change. When artificially...

MIT researcher presents new view of how the cortex forms

...in regions, develop unique processing networks and adapt to changes in inputs," Sur said. "Understanding basic mechanisms of cortical development is central to understanding disorders of development." Sur, chair of the Department of Brain and Cognitive Sciences at MIT, is leading an ambitious, multifacete...

Adult stem cells aid recovery in animal model of cerebral palsy

...ation of new species, or speciation, an ability to adapt to new environments and exploit new ecological niches, and a lower rate of extinction. Speciation, adaptation, and extinction are all controlled by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Understanding the genetic changes that lead t...

Islands in the Genome Promote Speciation

...ation of new species, or speciation, an ability to adapt to new environments and exploit new ecological niches, and a lower rate of extinction. Speciation, adaptation, and extinction are all controlled by the interplay between genetic and environmental factors. Understanding the genetic changes that lead t...

Neurons generated in the adult brain learn to respond to novel stimuli

...t such newly-generated neurons could be induced to adapt to and integrate into other regions of the brain, perhaps allowing them to replace neurons lost to injury or disease. The report from researchers at the Massachusetts General Hospital (MGH)-Harvard Medical School (HMS) Center for Nervous System Repa...

First big influenza genome study reveals flu evolution

... allow particular strains to become more virulent, adapt to infect new species, or evade immune response. Moreover, TIGR's high-throughput influenza genome sequencing pipeline offers a pivotal strategy for crafting emerging vaccines that work. "Right in the middle of flu season, we could determine which ...

Cattle grazing may help rather than hurt endangered species

...tive factor, and it presents real opportunities to adapt to climate variability and climate change. ...

Life in deadly conditions

...ganisms have a high plasticity with which they can adapt to the varying, extreme environmental conditions. The frugality of Natronomonas pharaonis, with the possibility of simplifying the nutrient solution, opens new possibilities for experimentally investigating the metabolic network. The data we thus acq...

Research Permits First-Ever Visualization of Psychological Stress in the Human Brain

...nd goal-oriented behavior -- that permit humans to adapt to environmental challenges and threats. "The message from this study is that while stress may be useful in increasing focus, chronic stress could also be detrimental to mental health," concludes Jiongjiong Wang, PhD, Assistant Professor of Radiology...

Plant genes identified that can form basis for crops better adapted to environmental conditions

...l because roots are responsible for helping plants adapt to adverse environmental conditions. A better understanding of capillary root formation will enable the cultivation of crops that absorb water and minerals more efficiently. An important step toward a more environment-friendly, sustainable agricultur...

Cracking the perception code

...anisms of action: the neural firing response could adapt to the stimulus over time, making the neurons more sensitive at the beginning than at the end, or a perceptual process after neuronal firing could give more subjective weight to the beginning of the response. Looking at the electrical responses from...

Scientists crack 40-year-old DNA puzzle and point to 'hot soup' at the origin of life

...As the code evolved it has been possible for it to adapt and take on new amino acids. Whether we could eventually reach a full complement of 64 amino acids I don't know, a compromise between amino acid vocabulary and its error minimising efficiency may have fixed the genetic code in its current format." ...

Costly breeding programs for endangered species pay off

...l inbreeding allowed the MAI populations to better adapt to the harsh conditions in the wild." Meffert chose to conduct her experiments on common houseflies because they breed every few weeks. This model system allowed her to simulate several years of breeding for endangered species that breed only once o...

Researcher at UGA College of Veterinary Medicine identifies new way of combating viral diseases

... target the virus itself, but viruses are quick to adapt to the body's attempts to disable them, Hodge explained. They can mutate rapidly and develop resistance to almost any antiviral compound. By focusing on the host cell while most scientists concentrate on the virus, Hodge and his colleagues hope to i...

European Commission funds EBI to do new research on synergies between bioinformatics and medical informatics

...ility of avian viruses may increase as the viruses adapt to humans. In affected countries, public education about simple precautionary measures for food preparation, poultry handling, and avoidance of contaminated water are essential until specific prevention measures such as vaccines become available." ...

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