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Tag: "adapt" at biology news

Long-term changes in experience cause neurons to sprout new long-lasting connections

...x, which is a region of the brain that is known to adapt to new experiences. The researchers followed the g...aused the animals' neurons to rewire themselves to adapt to loss of the whiskers ?a strategy that reduces dependence on lost whiskers and enhances input from...

Viagra improves high altitude exercise performance up to 45% for some

...ness or high altitude pulmonary edema while others adapt quickly. Studies like this may help identify some of the underlying differences between people and lead to better treatments. In future studies, Friedlander wants to identify: what steps individuals could take to acclimatize before they go to altit...

What's shaped like a pear and has 2 genomes? Check the pond

...lows organisms to diversify pre-existing genes and adapt them for new functions. In the case of Tetrahymena, duplications appear to be concentrated in genes involved in sensing and responding to environment. From a small number of proteases (enzymes that degrade proteins), for instance, Tetrahymena has b...

Tiny shock absorbers help bacteria stick around inside the body

...created by nature, and gives us the opportunity to adapt such a system for biotechnological and even other technical uses," said study co-author Dr. Evgeni Sokurenko, associate professor of microbiology at the UW and a principal investigator at the NIH Bioengineering Research Partnership that primarily fun...

Major obesity gene is 'lost in the shuffle'

...ckout' ?of the ASIP gene may have helped gibbons adapt to arboreal niches. We know that the ASIP protein regulates lipid metabolism in humans, so there is certainly reason to presume that this deletion contributed to the gibbons' remarkably small body mass, enabling them to thrive in the jungle canopy."...

Discovery may speed forest biotechnology

...O/FT genetic combination is critical to help trees adapt to local conditions, the researchers found. They s...r long, harsh winters. The genetic mechanisms that adapt trees to these conditions and control it are so strong that trees will behave about the same even if...

Avian flu modeled on supercomputer, explores vaccine and isolation options for thwarting a pandemic

...ns of avian H5N1 influenza virus is most likely to adapt to human transmission, studies of broadly cross-reactive avian-influenza based vaccines with even modest immunogenicity in humans are important," said Macken, an influenza researcher in the Los Alamos Theoretical Division. Ideally, both vaccine strat...

Most human-chimp differences due to gene regulation ?not genes

...lineage -- an indication of powerful incentives to adapt to a changing environment. Of the 1,056 genes from all four species, 60 percent had fairly consistent expression levels across all four species. "The expression levels of these genes seem to have remained constant for about 70 million years," the au...

Sun protection for plants

...effield, said, "Plants use a range of processes to adapt to harsh and potentially damaging environmental conditions. We are beginning to understand the mechanisms plants have at a molecular level to prevent damage from excess sunlight. We hope that this knowledge could be used to improve photosynthesis rat...

Study finds evolution doesn't always favor bigger animals

...re animals going to look like when everything must adapt to a warmer world? Size correlates with many aspects of the biology of an animal so changes in size are likely to translate into substantial ecological changes. A better prediction of the biological effects of future global change requires that, amon...

Lactic acid not athlete's poison, but an energy source - if you know how to use it

...ount of lactate. This implied that, somehow, cells adapt during training to put out less waste product. He postulated an "intracellular lactate shuttle" that transports lactate from the cytoplasm, where lactate is produced, through the mitochondrial membrane into the interior of the mitochondria, where lac...

Ticks, flukes, and genomics: Emerging pathogens revealed

...llow the bacteria to evade a host's immune system, adapt to new niches, and more. Finally, the report reconstructs the metabolic potential of five representative genomes from these bacteria. "By comparing so many different pathogens, some closely related and others diverse, we're able to identify genes li...

New hybrid virus provides targeted molecular imaging of cancer

... vectors in animal models. The ultimate goal is to adapt and optimize the AAVP-based targeting prototype for use in patients. ...

Spring migration of pink-footed geese under threat

...xperienced geese, which are able to anticipate and adapt to changes in their environment." There are two discrete populations of pink-footed goose: the Greenland/Iceland population, which breeds in Iceland and Greenland and overwinters in Britain; and the Svalbard population. The Svalbard group overwinter...

Researchers create pigs that produce heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids

...g. As different species accumulate mutations, some adapt particularly well to their environment and prosper. It happens in marine sediments, mountain forests ?and, as a new study illustrates, in precancerous tumors, too. In a study published online today in Nature Genetics, Carlo Maley, Ph.D., a researche...

Evolutionary biology research techniques predict cancer

...g. As different species accumulate mutations, some adapt particularly well to their environment and prosper. It happens in marine sediments, mountain forests ?and, as a new study illustrates, in precancerous tumors, too. In a study published online today in Nature Genetics, Carlo Maley, Ph.D., a researche...

Pitt professor's theory of evolution gets boost from cell research

... for the notion that organisms routinely change to adapt to the environment. Actually, Schwartz argues, it is the environment that knocks them off their equilibrium and as likely ultimately kills them as changes them. And so they are being rocked by the environment, not adapting to it. The article's concl...

Intelligently designed molecular evolution

...o that primitive organisms would be better able to adapt to their environment. Driven by selective pressures, these promiscuous enzymes and other proteins evolved along divergent lines to acquire the specialized functions needed by a host organism to survive. "This process is highly dependent on the ...

Wisconsin scientists discover a master key to microbes' pathogenic lifestyles

...ommon mechanism used by the different organisms to adapt to a new environment: the lungs of animals. "It is a story of how organisms are challenged in a new environment," says Klein. "They have to make themselves over so they can survive."...

Environmental tobacco smoke linked to behavior problems in children and pre-teens

...ated by teachers; and, decreases in the ability to adapt to behavior problems. "The greater the exposure to tobacco smoke, the greater the problems these children had," says Dr. Yolton. "Behavior problems in children have increased from 7 to 18 percent over the last 20 years for reasons that are poorly u...

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