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Tag: "adapt" at biology news

Making mice with enhanced color vision

...cquire new color vision, a sign that the brain can adapt far more rapidly to new sensory information than anticipated. This work, appearing March 23 in Science, also suggests that when the first ancestral primate inherited a new type of photoreceptor more than 40 million years ago, it probably experience...

Microfossils unravel climate history of tropical Africa

...in the surface layer of the Ocean. These organisms adapt the molecular composition of their cell membranes to ambient temperature to maintain constant physiological properties. When such molecules sink to the sea floor and are buried in sediments where oxygen does not penetrate, they can be preserved for t...

Novel experiment documents evolution of genome in near-real time

... that these genomes can change quickly as bacteria adapt to new conditions." Because of past technical limitations, biologists have historically made inferences about rapid bacterial evolution by carefully observing changes in a handful of genes at a time or by monitoring the visible characteristics, or...

Evolution of Old World fruit flies on three continents mirrors climate change

...umans or sequoia trees for example, probably can't adapt nearly as readily. "We humans are relatively lu...an help us to deal with the changes. The flies can adapt very quickly. We don't know if they can keep up with climate change, but they probably can do it muc...

Train your brain to hear your friends at a party

...aring in ferrets has the ability to bounce-back or adapt to a hearing loss over time. Their brains are being "trained" to cope with the hearing loss and distinguish sounds much better. The Oxford study placed healthy ferrets in a "ring of sound" where a sound is played from one of 12 speakers placed in ...

Evolution and the workaround

...back and consider the basic process by which cells adapt to the loss of seemingly irreplaceable genes. The ...researchers reasoned that understanding how cells adapt to internal perturbations could offer insight into how pathogens and cancer cells mutate to evade th...

Scientists find mutations that let bird flu adapt to humans

...ges required for the H5N1 avian influenza virus to adapt to easily recognize the receptors that are the gat...s Kawaoka, will be required for the virus to fully adapt to humans, but it is not known how many mutations are needed for such a change. However, if scien...

Newly discovered behavior in cancer cells signals dangerous metastasis

...t cells to aggressively invade and then peacefully adapt in unfamiliar territory, the scientists said. "Th...s, but are extremely versatile in their ability to adapt as their survival needs shift." The researchers discovered this transition in cancer cells when the...

Too mellow for our predatory world

...nitiation distance. This means that the ability to adapt to new predators is not limited by constraints in the physiological system but by narrow behaviour. "Long-lasting escape flights entail a loss of strength for the animals. In the absence of predators, selection may have privileged especially those an...

Contrary to common wisdom, scientist discovers some mammals can smell objects under water

...Catherine T. MacArthur Foundation. "When mammals adapt to living in water, their sense of smell usually degenerates. The primary example is the cetaceans ?whales and dolphins ?many of which have lost their sense of smell." Catania devised a series of experiments to determine whether the star-nosed mole...

Study suggests evolutionary link between diet, brain size in orangutans

...latively small brain, would enable such animals to adapt to their conditions by both maximizing their resources and conserving energy, she said. In addition, studies by van Schaik and other scientists have suggested that Borneo's morio orangs bear offspring more frequently than do Sumatra's orangs. Such ...

Steep oxygen decline halted first land colonization by Earth's sea creatures

...d pictures a world in which dinosaurs were able to adapt to low atmospheric oxygen content relatively easily, and when oxygen levels rose the dinosaurs developed into giant creatures that dominated the Earth. "I think of dinosaurs as the high-altitude Denver athletes of their day. They ran rings around ...

Plants' role in global warming re-examined

...uding plant respiration. "The fact is that plants adapt to higher temperatures and their levels of respiration adjust downward." While some previous climate-carbon simulations have included differentiation among vegetation types, none have incorporated an explicit time-dependent acclimation of plant resp...

Robots manipulating animal behaviour

...the same area with cockroaches, the robots quickly adapt their behaviour by mimicking the animals' movements. Coated with pheromones taken from roaches, the infiltrator robots even fool the insects into thinking they are real creatures. The roach pheromones ?a blend of molecules developed by the project p...

Potato blight pathogenicity explained by genome plasticity

...t into how plant pathogens tailor their genomes to adapt to their environments. The potato late blight pat... a diverse array of proteins and, consequently, to adapt to its environment. "Surprisingly, the pi3.4 gene does not code for an effector ?a small protein...

Study provides new understanding of spontaneous hybridization

...ng our view of the mechanisms by which populations adapt to their environments," explain the authors. ...

Recent, rapid climate change is driving evolution of animal species

...fe cycles and large population sizes will probably adapt to longer growing seasons and be able to persist," said Bradshaw. "However, populations of many large animals with longer life cycles and smaller population sizes will experience a decline in population size or be replaced by more southern species."...

Corals switch skeleton material as seawater changes

...said, because they reveal that although corals can adapt mineralogically to altered seawater chemistry, doing so slowed the corals' rate of growth by nearly 65 percent. "This provides us with further evidence that corals are extremely sensitive to rapid environmental change, such as global warming," he sa...

Adult stem cell research at UB targets damaged hearts

...d period of time due to narrowed coronary arteries adapt to this deprivation by down-regulating metabolism while remaining functionally viable. Previous work in UB's Center for Cardiovascular Research employing the center's novel swine model of hibernating myocardium has shown that restoring normal blood...

Unique dual target specificity of kinase inhibitor key for success against cancer

...on and to thwart to the ability of cancer cells to adapt to stress. Lipid kinases belonging to the PI3 kinase family, made up of different isoforms, promote cell growth and survival. Aberrant regulation and activation of PI3 kinases has been implicated in several human malignancies. Although the specific...

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