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Tag: "activity" at biology news

Key Trigger Of Opioid Withdrawal Symptoms Found

...hdrawal symptoms. Opiate addiction inhibits neuron activity in this region, which alters the neuronal machiner...hat drugs that inhibit either the GABA transporter activity or protein kinase A eliminate the hyperexcitability of the PAG neurons in the mouse brain slices. T...

FDA Approves New Drug to Treat Type I and Type II Diabetes

...h insulin in the same syringe, which can alter the activity of the insulin, is addressed in the Medication Guide and in physician labeling. Finally, the potential for off-label use in patients where the benefit/risk profile has not been characterized or demonstrated is also a concern and will be monitored by ...

VCU Researchers Identify Networks Of Genes Responding To Alcohol In The Brain

...of abuse. Using DNA microarrays, which measure the activity of more than 10,000 genes simultaneously, together with large databases of other biological information, researchers were able to identify several genes regulated by alcohol that may play a role in determining genetic differences in behavioral respon...

How an AIDS-Related Cancer Unleashes Inflammation

...osin B activation of MK2 promotes even further MK2 activity by other proteins. The over-production of cytokines resulting from kaposin B's binding to MK2 creates inflammation that in turn activates the regulatory protein p38. p38, in turn, further increases activation of MK2. "We still don't know the mechani...

Vascular structure and function improve with diet and exercise

... calories and composition of the diet and physical activity prescribed were matched to fitness level in an individually tailored fashion and delivered in a family practice setting as opposed to a hospital or laboratory." The randomized, single-blind trial of SNAC intervention versus usual care lifestyle coun...

Effective Cancer Treatments Follow The Clock

.../p> However, when the researchers analyzed the activity of the knockout animals' immune system B cells, they found evidence that the activity of the Clock and Bmal1 genes determined the cells' sensitivity to CY. “Thus, this paper gives us sp...

US life expectancy about to decline, researchers say

...ironmental factors that influence diet or physical activity levels, says Dr. David Ludwig, associate professor and director of the Obesity Program at Children's Hospital Boston and a co-author of the study. For children in particular, fast food, sugar-sweetened beverages and other high-calorie/low-quality jun...

Variation in women's X chromosomes may explain differences among individuals, between sexes

The first comprehensive survey of gene activity in the X chromosomes of women has revealed an unex... Willard said that the extensive variation in gene activity in the sex chromosomes means that, in essence, there is not one human genome, but two -- male and fe...

Hirsute Or Hairless? Two Proteins May Spell The Difference

...ly, transgenic mice with elevated TGF-β2 signaling activity displayed ectopic expression of Snail. Knockout mi... development. And since the consequences of TGF-β2 activity seen here in the hair bud more closely resemble certain types of skin cancer progression than skin d...

Gene Signatures Predict Interferon Response For Multiple Sclerosis Patients

...me. These analyses identified genes that increased activity independently of clinical response (interferon can... offer hypotheses to explain how the observed gene activity might produce the differential responses to therapy—for example, a poor response may stem from downs...

Wisconsin researchers identify sleep gene

...critically affects, among other things, electrical activity in neurons. A handful of recent studies suggest th...ct on sleep in humans." Sleep is a highly complex activity and probably involves many genes, some of which are more influential than others, says Cirelli. "We ...

Viral protein influences key cell-signaling pathway

...roviruses. The study found that p12 increases the activity of an important gene in host cells. That gene cont... protein is an important central regulator of gene activity in lymphocytes and many other kinds of cells," says Michael Lairmore, professor and chair of veterin...

Advances in the characterisation of the oyster mushroom genes

.... Finding out which genes are responsible for this activity ?the reason why the fungus is sometimes used as a ...hesis Arantza Eizmendi Goikoetxea has analysed the activity of one of these types of enzymes: the cellobiohydrolases. To this end, she cloned, isolated and sequ...

50-year-old Mystery Solved: Protein Tags Regulate Key Ion Channel

...n recognized as an important mechanism of cellular activity but until now its 60-or-so known targets were prim..."The findings expand the influence of SUMO-related activity in biology," Goldstein said, "a great and exciting surprise." There is still a good deal that we do...

Scientists discover how plants disarm the toxic effects of excessive sunlight

...l to plants, because the heightened photosynthetic activity also means an increase in singlet oxygen. By modifying plants to enhance the protective pathway, "we could be able to get larger crop yield per photon of light," he says. And by making cells more resistant to singlet oxygen, scientists may be better...

Key mechanism in genetic inheritance during cell division identified

... From various genetic experiments we know that the activity of a 10-protein complex of kinetochores, called Dam1, is responsible for the faithful segregation of chromosomes during mitosis. While we don't know at this time that ring formation occurs in vivo, we do see in our in vitro tests that Dam1 ring forma...

Alzheimer's cognitive decline slowed

... rate of cognitive decline and increased metabolic activity in the brain, according to a study published in th...odeoxyglucose, an indicator of increased metabolic activity in the brain. The researchers noted that the increase was observed in most cortical regions that rec...

Scientists identify molecule that regulates well-known tumor suppressor

...ates cell growth and survival, and is inhibited by activity of the tumor suppressor PTEN. Research indicates that PTEN exerts its tumor suppressor activity by inhibiting PKB/Akt signaling that is critical for cell survival. Many human cancer cells exhibit ...

Birds brains reveal source of songs

...rned that the AFP neurons produce random bursts of activity coinciding with new variations in the practice routine. "We think the bursts of these neurons 'kick' the motor pathway that is producing a song, jarring it out of the routine and making it sing something new," Fee says. Then another, still unexplain...

Buying Time Through Hibernation on Demand

...vision. During a hibernation-like state, cellular activity slows to a near standstill, which reduces dramatic...id. Using oxygen deprivation to depress metabolic activity also might extend the amount of time that organs and tissues could be preserved outside the body pri...

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