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Tag: "activator" at biology news

Clot-dissolving agent may be beneficial in treatment of severe frostbite

...studied the anti-clotting agent tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for the treatment of frostbite beginning in 2001. Patients who were admitted with severe frostbite underwent imaging studies to assess blood flow to the affected limb. From 2001 to 2006, six patients with abnormal blood flow on angiography rece...

Hearts of male and female rainbow trout are different

...glucose and (b) glucose + DCA (dichloroacetate, an activator of PDH and a therapeutic drug used to treat human heart disease and cancer), or (c) glucose + NaCN under oxygenated and hypoxic conditions. The researchers measured several indices of contractile performance (resting tension, twitch force, post-r...

Proteasome activator enhances survival of Huntington's disease neuronal model cells

...omise of the UPS, the overexpression of proteasome activator PA28 can specifically recover proteasome function and improve cell viability in both HD model and patient cells. These remarkable results demonstrate for the first time that it is possible to intervene therapeutically in the proteolytic pathways ...

Gut research yields new anti-cancer approach

...ouraging the action of the PPARgamma protein (with activator compounds) against discouraging it (with inhibitors). The team conducted these experiments using colorectal cancer cells as study models because they arise from normal gut cells and share some of their qualities (e.g. normal inflammatory signals). Un...

Molecular mechanism provides intra-cellular traffic signal

...ents. Activator proteins flip the switches on. One activator protein, called TRAPP, coordinates two Ypt switches for quick entrance and subsequent exit from a central cellular compartment known as the Golgi apparatus. "The Golgi is a central station in all cells, through which all intra-cellular traffic pass...

A simple feedback resistor switch keeps latent HIV from awakening

...sipating, or introducing a resistor into, the main activator of transcription. HIV's transcriptional activator, the Tat gene, is encoded in the HIV genome. Once Tat is transcribed, it can rapidly increase transcription not only of itself, but also of other genes that ultimately lead to viral replication. Th...

Analysis of breast-cancer gene role offers promising target

...riggered by uPAR, called the urokinase plasminogen activator system, is one of the breast-cancer prognostic factors that has the greatest level of evidence. "All the work has been on the protein and enzymatic activity and not amplification of the gene, which is a very reliable and easy-to-use diagnostic tes...

Gene linked to rare disease activates fat breakdown

...The group found that the gene "CGI-58" is a strong activator of one of three lipid-degrading enzymes, or lipase.... "The discovery that CGI-58 acts as a very potent activator offers a new picture of how stored fat is broken down in adipose and other tissues." The finding so...

First human study confirms that immune cells can be a primary cause of bone loss in gum disease

... bone). Dr. Kawai's research examined the receptor activator of NF-kB ligand, (RANKL)-mediated osteoclastogeneis, and the pivotal role it plays in inflammatory bone resorption. The aim of this study, which will be published in the September issue of the American Journal of Pathology, was to identify the cellu...

Researchers unlock how cells determine their functions

... "What we were able to show is that the epigenetic activator Ash1is recruited to a target gene through cell-typ...-coding RNA" he said. The paper examined how the activator Ash1 binds to target DNA elements, known as Trithorax-reponse elements (TREs), located in the gene U...

Molecular mechanism of feather formation found

...any. "In this model, the inhibitor down-regulates activator function, the activator up-regulates its own expression and the activator also increases the activity of the inhibitor," Har...

Simple explanation for complex pattern of feather development

...ns or molecules that cause things to develop -- an activator that makes things happen, and an inhibitor that suppresses the activator. To test the model in feathers, Harris forced expression of the activator, Shh, or the inhibitor, Bmp2, in the skin of six-day old chick embryos by injecting them with a retrov...

Muscle repair: Making a good system better, faster; implications for aging, disease

...on" and self-repair, deficiency in the plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) actually promotes muscle regen...ity of an enzyme called urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) was increased in damaged muscle. The result was improved recovery of muscle function and accel...

Decisions, decisions: Male or female?

...an acronym for "Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator transcription.") "Though we all know that the survival of the species depends on producing children, up until now we haven't understood how germ cells in the developing embryos decide whether to eventually become the sperm or eggs needed later for a...

Natural Killers Could Lead to New Hepatitis Treatments

...chers used in their experiment is a general immune activator and does not reflect what occurs during an actual infection, he noted. Such knowledge would offer important insights into the mechanism of inflammation and liver damage due to infections, he said. ...

An HIV Protein Plays a Surprising Role in Gene Activation

...ctors (TAFs). PIC assembly sometimes also requires activator proteins, which can enhance transcriptional activi...proper elongation of nascent transcripts. Tat, an activator encoded in the HIV genome, is required for HIV gene activation and viral replication. It affects the...

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