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Tag: "activated" at biology news

Master regulatory gene found that guides fate of blood-producing stem cells

...t's more, they found that fully assembled NF-Y was activated in stem cells and disappeared when the stem cells became mature cell types, through the induction and loss of one its subunits, NF-Ya. "When we overexpressed NF-Ya in stem cells, the stem cells produced ten- to twenty-fold more stem cells after tran...

Solexa and collaborating scientists illuminate the small RNA component of the transcriptome

...nd quantitative readouts of the full complement of activated genes and small RNAs, including genes expressed at low levels, without requiring advance knowledge of the genes or sequences of interest. Solexa performed this research in its Genomic Services business unit. The Company also intends to develop this s...

'Smart' nanoprobes light up disease

...uman cell that is programmed to light up only when activated by specific proteases. Altered expression of particular proteases is a common hallmark of cancer, atherosclerosis, and many other diseases. In the September issue of the journal Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, lead authors Jenni...

Plant wounds trigger bacteria

...nto an active form. The new study shows that the activated form of VirG causes the tumor-inducing plasmid to replicate up to five times faster than normal by increasing the expression of a protein called RepC, which is required for replication of the plasmid. The extra copies of this DNA enhance the ability ...

New vaccine platform may fight infections with causes from influenza to bioterrorism

... pneumocystis and a molecule normally expressed on activated T-cells of the immune system offers protection fro...gnatures of these constructs: the molecule used by activated CD4+ T cells to signal production of antibodies, and importantly, the specific fragment of pneumocys...

Molecular cabal contributes to stroke damage

...t such deprivation triggered NMDARs, which in turn activated an important cell switch called CaMKII. This enzyme, they found, acts on a particular ASIC, called ASIC1a, to greatly enhance its sensitivity to the acid induced by ischemia. This increased sensitivity causes the ASIC channel to open and flood the ne...

NIAID researchers show how promising TB drug works

...s/2005/tb_pa_824.htm .) PA-824 must be chemically activated in the bacterium before it exerts its anti-tubercular effect, notes Dr. Barry. Earlier research had sketched out the first few steps in this process, but Dr. Barry and his colleagues wanted to pinpoint the precise protein that binds PA-824 and transf...

Researchers know what you were about to say; fMRI used to detect memory storage and retrieval

...s of the brain that are active during an event are activated when a person attempts to recall that event ?seconds before the memory surfaces. "This study shows that, as you search for memories of a particular event, your brain state progressively comes to resemble the state it was in when you initially exper...

Brain activity related to processing faces is similar in people with, without autism

...cialized' for face processing, the fusiform gyrus, activated almost identically in our autistic study participants and the control group of individuals without autism. This is one very simple and clear-cut finding," Belger said. Previous brain imaging findings of under-responsiveness in the facial area have ...

Older female fish prefer imperfect male mates, study finds

...rical males, or whether there is a genetic factor, activated at a certain age or size, that makes larger females select more asymmetrically striped males. The asymmetrical barring pattern is likely a result of environmental stresses experienced before birth, Morris explained. Some males have the genetic makeu...

Clocking in Pillow Time without the Pillow

...an ion channel. Ampakines including CX717 make the activated channel stay open longer when glutamate binds. More ions pass through the channel, creating a stronger signal when nerve cells are activated. The ubiquity of these receptors makes them good targets for drugs that increase general cognitive functionin...

Noise And Delays Explain Why Some Genes Oscillate In Activity

...an ion channel. Ampakines including CX717 make the activated channel stay open longer when glutamate binds. More ions pass through the channel, creating a stronger signal when nerve cells are activated. The ubiquity of these receptors makes them good targets for drugs that increase general cognitive functionin...

Key brain regulatory gene shows evolution in humans

...t understand the physiological implications of the activated PDYN gene in humans, they said their finding offers an important and intriguing piece of a puzzle of the mechanism by which humans evolved from lower primates. They also said that the discovery of this first evolutionarily selected gene is likely on...

Brainstem blocks pain to protect key behaviors

...ff of air ?perhaps indicating a nearby predator -- activated ON cells, and restored pain sensation. Such "predation-related stimuli," the authors speculate, "activate ON cells and thereby evoke a state of vigilant eating without concurrent sensory suppression." "We have known for a long time that these cells...

Olfactory system detects pheromones that control reproduction

... in the olfactory-deficient male mice were no more activated by exposure to female urine -- which normally elicits sexual behavior -- than exposure to water.Future studies will aim at further characterizing the network of connections from the olfactory system to LHRH neurons in many brain structures, said Dula...

The brain is broadly wired for reproduction

...studies showed that the odor of clean bedding also activated some neurons upstream of GnRH neurons. "This suggests that the animal's environment could also influence GnRH neurons, perhaps signaling whether the animal is in the optimal environment for mating." Buck said. In tracing the connections between GnRH...

MIT researcher presents new view of how the cortex forms

...mation to the cortex from other brain regions, are activated by external stimuli to impose identity on the homogeneous blob. New evidence indicates that the development of cortical areas involves "a rich array of signals," an interwoven cascade of developmental events, some internal and some external, accordi...

What can change in the brain? Electrical synapses, research shows

...h two different drugs. All three techniques either activated or blocked metabotropic glutamate receptors or mGluRs, a type of neural trigger that responds to the amino acid glutamate, a trans-mitter molecule in the brain. The result: a long-lasting, 20 to 30 percent reduction in electrical synapse strength. W...

Forgotten by evolution?

...th experiments, a row of muscle-specific genes was activated in the cells. This provided evidence for the beginnings of a differentiation process. But this process was only apparently halfway complete. So, for example, after the activation of the wnt-signaling cascade, there was no typical striped pattern; thi...

The reason why antiviral therapy can't annihilate HIV infection, and what to do about it

... demonstrate that HIV persists in both resting and activated CD4+ T cells of patients having received up to 9.1...ocess may spread to neighboring resting as well as activated CD4+ T cells; direct cell-to-cell spread in the absence of virion release may also occur. The stud...

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