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Tag: "act" at biology news

MicroRNA may have fail-safe role in limb development

...ts understand whether bits of RNA called microRNAs act as protective mechanisms in healthy development not just by strategically turning off gene activity, but by making sure it stays turned off. More specifically, researchers report linking a specific microRNA - miR 196 - to limb development, a findin...

Bird song changes sound alarm over habitat fragmentation

...h neighbours is common in birds, and is thought to act as a threat signal between males, which would explain why birds have evolved such complex song repertoires. The Dupont's lark is a rare and specialised steppe passerine, and its song unit is made up of up to 11 discrete sequences, each sequence bein...

Pregnancy drugs can affect grandkids

...h neighbours is common in birds, and is thought to act as a threat signal between males, which would explain why birds have evolved such complex song repertoires. The Dupont's lark is a rare and specialised steppe passerine, and its song unit is made up of up to 11 discrete sequences, each sequence bein...

Yale scientists decipher 'wiring pattern' of cell signaling networks

...teins that are active in a cell. Protein kinases act as regulator switches and modify their target proteins by adding a phosphate group to them. This process, called "phosphorylation," results in altered activity of the phosphorylated protein. It is estimated that 30% of all proteins are regulated by t...

Antibacterial coatings cut infection rates

.... Furanones have a unique advantage in that they act differently to other antibiotics. Unlike antibiotics, they don't kill bacteria. This means that the furanone compounds should not cause bacterial resistance, according to microbiologists. "When bacteria sit on the surface, they first anchor themselv...

UCSD study finds anthrax toxins also harmful to fruit flies

... of whether anthrax toxins affecting mammals could act on the fly counterparts of proteins affected in humans, and the answer is yes," said Ethan Bier, a professor of biology at UCSD who was the senior author of the study. "What this means is that similar types of analyses might identify yet unknown prot...

MRSA use amoeba to spread, new research shows

...fessor Brown. "It is almost as though the amoeba act like a gymnasium; helping MRSA get fitter and become more pathogenic". "In many ways this may reflect how this kind of pathogenic behaviour first evolved. A good example is the bacterium that causes legionnaires disease. Probably it was pathogenic ...

Ancient DNA helps UF researchers unearth potential hemophilia therapy

...ses, which then infect cells. Without the virus to act as a key, the gene would be unable to enter the cell. But viral gene therapy has been associated with medical complications, and a few human patients have died as a result. Instead, UF researchers used a novel nonviral approach, employing a strand o...

Infection 'alarm' yields clues to immune system behavior

...B pathway. Via a series of chemical reactions that act like signals traveling over a telephone wire, TNF'...hat the cellular pathways that pick up this signal act like extremely sensitive radio receivers. They can pick up the alarm message from exposure to even a...

Patterns in genome organization may partially explain how microbial cells work

...here are significant evolutionary constraints that act upon genomes organization as well as upon genome content. That interplay between organization and function can't be ignored if we want to gain a better fundamental understanding of how a microbial cell works." ...

Pitt professor's theory of evolution gets boost from cell research

...k to keep the cell membrane intact. Other proteins act as chaperones, bringing molecules to their proper locations in the cell, and so on. In short, with that kind of protection from change, it is very difficult for mutations, of whatever kind, to gain a foothold. But extreme stress pushes cells beyond t...

Immune response to HIV in the brain

...udy. "Over the long-term, this immune response may act as a double-edged sword, protecting against rampant viral replication in the brain but leading to brain dysfunction." The paper was published in the April 26 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience, the official journal of the Society of Neuroscience....

Experimental vaccine protects nonhuman primates when given after exposure to Marburg virus

...udy. "Over the long-term, this immune response may act as a double-edged sword, protecting against rampant viral replication in the brain but leading to brain dysfunction." The paper was published in the April 26 issue of the Journal of Neuroscience, the official journal of the Society of Neuroscience....

Learning to love bacteria: Stanford scientist highlights bugs' benefits

...we see such as the failure of the immune system to act appropriately?" he asked. The only answer to date is: "It's complicated." Instead of a persistent infection, some people get very ill from organisms such as Salmonella, H. pylori, tuberculosis and meningitis. How the immune system responds different...

Scientists look to the Bahamas as a model for coral reef conservation

...we see such as the failure of the immune system to act appropriately?" he asked. The only answer to date is: "It's complicated." Instead of a persistent infection, some people get very ill from organisms such as Salmonella, H. pylori, tuberculosis and meningitis. How the immune system responds different...

Enzyme inhibitors block replication of SARS virus

...ese benzotriazole esters are relatively stable and act as suicide inhibitors," Wong said. "They block the enzyme, are transformed through a co-valent bond, and are unable to get out." Wong said the findings published today provide better insight into the mode of action of the enzyme, which may lead to d...

Growth hormone is made in the brain, report scientists

...s females. "Males and females look different, we act different, so of course our brains are different," said Tracey J. Shors, co-author and a professor of psychology at the Center for Collaborative Neuroscience at Rutgers: the State University of New Jersey. "There are remarkable differences. People us...

Researchers get neurons and silicon talking

...ially glue the neurons to the chip. These proteins act as more than a simple adhesive, however. "They also provided the link between ionic channels of the neurons and semiconductor material in a way that neural electrical signals could be passed to the silicon chip," says Vassanelli. Once there, that si...

Evolutionary biology research techniques predict cancer

... full-blown cancer. If so, genetic diversity might act as a biomarker for cancer risk among patients with precancerous tissues. "Although researchers first defined cancer in evolutionary terms in the 1970s, few researchers have actually studied the disease this way," says Maley, lead author on the stud...

Researchers create pigs that produce heart-healthy omega-3 fatty acids

... full-blown cancer. If so, genetic diversity might act as a biomarker for cancer risk among patients with precancerous tissues. "Although researchers first defined cancer in evolutionary terms in the 1970s, few researchers have actually studied the disease this way," says Maley, lead author on the stud...

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