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Tag: "act" at biology news

The synapse is a shotgun

...In contrast, the new data suggest that synapse can act like a shotgun, firing buckshot-like bursts of neurotransmitter to reach receptors arrayed beyond the known receiving sites. The researchers say that right now they have little idea of how the synaptic shotgun functions. The research was published i...

Discovery of T-cell 'traffic control' boosts new drug promise

...ut T cell movement: S1P, like chemokines, can also act as a chemotactic attractant to T cells. Once T cel...to rush into lymph nodes. But S1P, they found, can act through its own G-coupled receptors to prevent chemokines from triggering T cell movement. In ways n...

Hormones and growth: The control of body size and developmental growth rate in fruit flies

... light on the molecular and cellular pathways that act to convey information about a growing organism's size, as well as on pathways that use that information to correctly time critical transitional events during development. The two studies are reported in Current Biology online on September 22 by Dr. ...

Leading scientists rank endangered dolphins, porpoises most in need of immediate action

...hese threatened dolphins and porpoises, we need to act now before it's too late." In April, WWF's International Smart Gear Competition awarded a prize to a promising gillnet design concept using glowing ropes and stiffer nets that may help cetaceans see gillnets in order to avoid them and to escape if t...

Why do aneurysms form? New studies suggest leading role for white blood cells

...bulge. The researchers think the cells may somehow act in combination with other AAA risk factors such as smoking, high blood pressure and inherited genetic vulnerability. The U-M researchers made the findings in laboratory experiments on mice that had been treated to wipe out their neutrophils temporar...

Canada's first embryonic stem cell lines

...hese threatened dolphins and porpoises, we need to act now before it's too late." In April, WWF's International Smart Gear Competition awarded a prize to a promising gillnet design concept using glowing ropes and stiffer nets that may help cetaceans see gillnets in order to avoid them and to escape if t...

Novel targets found for the development of drugs to complement, or replace, statins

...hese threatened dolphins and porpoises, we need to act now before it's too late." In April, WWF's International Smart Gear Competition awarded a prize to a promising gillnet design concept using glowing ropes and stiffer nets that may help cetaceans see gillnets in order to avoid them and to escape if t...

Virulizin granted orphan drug status in Europe

...hese threatened dolphins and porpoises, we need to act now before it's too late." In April, WWF's International Smart Gear Competition awarded a prize to a promising gillnet design concept using glowing ropes and stiffer nets that may help cetaceans see gillnets in order to avoid them and to escape if t...

Newfound roadblock to interferon effectiveness against malignant melanoma

...rowth of cancer cells, whereas STAT5 is thought to act to promote cellular growth. The new work, published by Professor Schartl and his colleagues in Current Biology, shows that interferon actually activates STAT5 in melanoma cells but that under normal conditions, this does not interfere with the inhib...

Once given 'no respect,' cells' tiny RNAS take driver's seat

...uilding instructions. Essentially, these microRNAs act as a "brake" to slow E2F1's growth-promoting effects. "So the Myc protein 'turns up' the genes for E2F1 and the microRNAs, but the microRNAs reduce the amount of E2F1 protein that can be made, fine-tuning Myc's effects, perhaps," says Mendell. "We c...

Aloe vera coating may prolong freshness, safety of fruits and vegetables

...osed mostly of polysaccharides, the gel appears to act as a natural barrier to moisture and oxygen, which can speed food deterioration. But the gel also enhances food safety, the scientists say. Based on previous studies by others, Aloe vera gel appears to contain various antibiotic and antifungal comp...

Flies on speed offer insight into the roles of dopamine in sleep and arousal

...methamphetamine, the effects of which are known to act through the neurotransmitter dopamine. In the new work, the researchers showed that genetically engineered flies whose dopamine cells could be turned off experimentally, or flies that have received dopamine inhibitors, show converse behavioral effect...

Researchers find how some antibiotics kill bacteria

...are they effective against tuberculosis, they also act against a variety of other pathogens including Neisseria meningitidis, the bacterium that causes one form of meningitis; Helicobacter pylori, which causes stomach ulcers; and even some parasitic worms by eliminating the symbiotic bacteria parasites d...

Suppressing growth hormone in early adulthood may prevent cancer

...ptist Medical Center. IGF-1 in the blood also may act as a tumor promoter during the early development of cancer, he said. Although additional research is needed, he said, drugs in the somatostatin class are currently available to suppress growth hormone and IGF-1 in people, so somatostatin analogs cou...

Identical twins may have more differences than meet the eye

..., a new study reports. They may start to look and act less alike. The changes could leave one twin susceptible to diseases like cancer, while the other twin remains healthy. Researchers report in this week's Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that these differences may stem from changes in...

Scientists create digital bacteria to forge advances in biomedical research

...net said. They may even reveal why cells sometimes act as individuals and sometimes as part of a community. AgentCell was made possible by agent-based software, which researchers developed to simulate stock markets, social behavior and warfare. Argonne's Macal and North contributed their agent-based sof...

Scientists find evidence of catastrophic sand avalanches, sea level changes in Gulf of Mexico

..., a new study reports. They may start to look and act less alike. The changes could leave one twin susceptible to diseases like cancer, while the other twin remains healthy. Researchers report in this week's Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences that these differences may stem from changes in...

DNA from feathers tells tale of eagle fidelity

...g, DeWoody said. But just because two individuals act like a pair doesn't guarantee they're not having trysts on the sly. In fact, studies over the last decade have shown most broods of socially monogamous birds include offspring from at least two genetic fathers. "Our study actually stands out as a re...

How HIV disables the cells' call for help

...to infect other cells. Many believed that the very act of breaking into T cells and hijacking their DNA was enough to destroy the ability of these cells to call up immune support. But Institute scientists Prof. Yechiel Shai of the Biological Chemistry Department, Prof. Irun Cohen of the Immunology Depar...

Researchers discover new tumor defense system

... functioning immune system." The free fatty acids act against cytotoxic T lymphocytes by blocking a number of the lymphocytes' signaling events. For example, they keep certain proteins from being phosphorylated and they also prevent an increase in intracellular calcium that is essential for the cytotoxi...

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