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Tag: "acquired" at biology news

New MRI technique shows emphysema in asymptomatic smokers

...t were nonsmokers. The first image the researchers acquired showed obstructed areas of the lungs, where the air was unable to pass. The second image they obtained is called an apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) map, which shows the size of the airspaces in the lungs. Because emphysema increases airspace siz...

New human retrovirus originated in mice

...ugh to say that they are most likely independently acquired and are not the result of some contamination of the samples," he said. Ganem cautioned that any link between XMRV and prostate cancer is tenuous at best. "First, the genetic variant we studied occurs in familial clusters that constitute only a very ...

New fruit fly protein illuminates circadian response to light

...-type (control) JET protein. When the jetlag flies acquired the normal JET protein, regular TIM degradation took place and the fruit fly was better able to adjust to shifts in the light-dark cycle. Future studies in the Sehgal lab will focus on continuing to identify other molecules required for the circadia...

Knowledge of infection may prevent spread of herpes virus

... Center in Seattle studied 199 patients with newly acquired genital HSV-2 infection and found that patients were about half as likely to transmit the virus when they knew they had genital herpes and informed their sexual partners. According to Wald, "these findings suggest that testing persons with HSV type-...

VCU Massey Cancer Center researchers identify a new class of anti-cancer drugs based on platinum

...platinum-based, anti-cancer agent able to overcome acquired drug resistance by first modifying the way it is a... common human cancers, and they are susceptible to acquired drug resistance. He added that resistance to cisplatin has become a clinically relevant issue ?espec...

Anemone genes reveal versatile building blocks for body plans

...teral body plan. Over evolutionary time, the genes acquired a new and important role in establishing the dorso/ventral axis, eventually leading to the diversity of bilateral animals present today. ...

Study indicates dramatic rise in antibiotic-resistant community-acquired staph infections

...ic agents work best for the treatment of community acquired MRSA infections. In the meantime, the CDC's fact sheet on MRSA suggests that preventing MRSA may be as simple as employing the tried and true cure of soap and water: "Practice good hygiene," is its primary advice. ...

Relationship of brain and skull more than just packaging

...s to work with because even if both CT and MRI are acquired for a patient, they are rarely obtained the same day. "We are extremely conservative in requiring that the two types of images be taken within a 24-hour period," says Richtsmeier. "Early brain and skull growth are so rapid that if the images were ta...

A new way of looking at molecular motors

...yosins and more than a dozen dyneins. Genetic and acquired defects in the motors cause disease by preventing developing cells from migrating to their necessary destinations before birth or by preventing parts of the body, such as sperm tails or the tiny hairs that keep mucus flowing in the lungs, from moving...

Less antibiotic use in food animals leads to less drug resistance in people, study shows

...hers discovered that only 2 percent of the locally acquired Campylobacter isolates were resistant to ciprofloxacin, a type of fluoroquinolone. Countries that allow fluoroquinolone use in animals may have a drug resistance prevalence of up to 29 percent. Ciprofloxacin can be used to treat severe Campylobacter ...

Scientists reveal how deadly toxin hijacks cells

...le to zero in on SV2. To confirm that result, they acquired mice that were genetically engineered to carry reduced amounts of SV2. Without that protein around, the researchers found that botox was unable to wreak havoc. Co-author Felix Yeh, a UW-Madison graduate student who works with Chapman, says that rese...

Less is more, gene study shows

...aits, Zhang said. The first possibility is that we acquired completely new genes that other apes don't have. Another is that some of our genes have taken on different functions through mutation. It's also possible that we humans lost some genes along the way, and those losses provided opportunities for chan...

Powerful technique for multiplying adult stem cells may aid therapies

...e treated with stem cells. These stem cells can be acquired either from a donor's bone marrow, or even from cord blood (donated cord blood, or the patient's own). Still, in both these cases, the actual number of stem cells from a donor often falls short of the number needed to adequately treat the patient. Th...

Wisconsin scientists discover a master key to microbes' pathogenic lifestyles

...spread class of fungi is an indication that it was acquired from a common ancestor deep in evolutionary history. The feature is a common mechanism used by the different organisms to adapt to a new environment: the lungs of animals. "It is a story of how organisms are challenged in a new environment," says Kl...

Simple idea to dramatically improve dengue vaccinations

..."With diseases like HIV, influenza and Dengue, our acquired immune system's tendency to go-with-what-it-knows can leave us more vulnerable to infection from a mutant strain or a related virus. The immune system may respond less favorably in these cases than if it had never been exposed to the disease in the f...

New evidence questions the simple link between prion proteins and madcow disease

... convinced by this argument. "Were infection to be acquired from the mouth then the first tissues to accumulate infectivity would be lymph nodes in the throat or the tonsils. But we don't tend to see this in animals, and have no reason to believe it would be different in humans," comments Jeffrey. ...

'Virus chip' detects new virus in prostate tumors

...kemia. Because the virus was probably originally acquired from another species, it is known as a xenotropic ...ans is unknown, Ganem says, though it was probably acquired from contact with rodents. It is extremely unlikely, however, that contact with mice was responsible...

Parents need to be educated about HPV vaccinations for daughters

..., a sexually transmitted infection most frequently acquired by women shortly after they start sexual activity. In a minority of women, the HPV infection persists and may result in pre-cancerous changes; these can develop into cancerous changes in these women, particularly if they are unscreened. Testing for...

MRSA use amoeba to spread, new research shows

...hese primitive, single-celled organisms, they have acquired the skills to attack us". For these reasons, such primitive cells are being used to replace animals for many kinds of biological tests. "Effective control of MRSA within healthcare environments requires better understanding of their ecology," said...

A salty tale: New bacterial genome sequenced from ancient salterns

...ve independently evolved one type of rhodopsin and acquired the other through lateral gene transfer from the archaeal species also living in the salterns." This study is the first to document bacteria adopting the archaeal-type rhodopsin. The two systems may work at different wavelengths, expanding S. ruber's...

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