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Tag: "acids" at biology news

Engineer ramps up protein production, develops versatile viral spheres

...me, but also have attached uniquely reactive amino acids to the capsid surfaces. Theamino acids allow the capsids to either stick to and carry specific proteins orstick to other capsids, allowing ...

Researchers discover key mechanism by which lethal viruses Ebola and Marburg cause disease

... the study, researchers describe a series of amino acids in Ebola and Marburg viruses that resemble proteins in retroviruses known to suppress the immune system. By targeting these amino acids, new drugs could disrupt the ability of these viruses to shut down immune systems and make them vulnerable to the...

Microbe fixes nitrogen at a blistering 92 C

... all life because it is an essential part of amino acids and proteins. To be used by organisms, gaseous nitrogen must be converted to other compounds, or "fixed," which can only be done by certain bacteria and specific archaea. Nitrogen can be fixed into ammonia, nitrate and other products that can be use...

A wolf in sheep's clothing: Plague bacteria reveal one of their virulence tricks

...the structure to guide him, he changed three amino acids of YpkA that contacted host proteins, and then looked at how the mutated bacteria affected human cells compared to the original wild-type Yersinia. His results confirmed the hypothesis from the structural study: While the wild-type YpkA wreaked havoc...

Fatty fish protects against cancer

... and non-fatty fish lies in how much omega-3 fatty acids and vitamin D they contain ?substances that, accor...nst cancer. Fatty fish contains more omega-3 fatty acids than non-oily fish, and 3 to 5 times as much vitamin D. As fatty fish, the study included salmon, ra...

Cloning techniques produce FDA-approved antibiotic

...a member of a class of compounds called phosphonic acids because they contain a carbon-phosphorous bond. Fo...ormation of the bacterial cell wall. "Phosphonic acids are underexploited bioactive compounds with great potential for treating human disease," said Huimin...

MIT creates 3-D scaffold for growing stem cells

...g, is a pioneer in coaxing tiny fragments of amino acids called self-assembling peptides to organize themselves into useful structures. Working with visiting graduate student Fabrizio Gelain from Milan, Zhang created a designer scaffold from a network of protein nanofibers, each 5,000 times thinner than a ...

Eat less, weigh more? Enzyme makes lean mice 'susceptible' to dietary fat

...y feeds on itself, breaking down fat to form fatty acids that fuel energy needs. When the cells of the body are well fed and energy is in ample supply, molecular signals from the brain tell cells in the body to store the excess energy by converting it to fat. Weight gain results when food intake greatly e...

Researchers find protein that silences genes

...at HDA6 can remove, down to which acetylated amino acids are involved. "The bottom line is that HDA6 has very broad specificity. It can remove the acetyl groups from multiple histones and from multiple lysines of those histones" said Pikaard. When multiple acetyl groups are on the histones, the genes a...

Surprising symbiosis: Glassy-winged sharpshooter eats with friends

... acids. Could the plant be somehow providing amino acids to its insect predator? Unlikely. Was the sharpshooter somehow cranking out its own amino acids? Doubtful. Could there be something else, some other bacteria, adding these essential ingredients? Yes. Realizing the amino acid pathways might be carri...

'Smart' genetic therapy helps the body to heal itself

...l marker of the disease, the very-long chain fatty acids in white blood cells and plasma. If these levels have normalised with valproate, they hope to be able to start a double-blind clinical trial in collaboration with Professor Patrick Aubourg of INSERM, the French national medical research agency, at ...

Gene linked to rare disease activates fat breakdown

...nzyme, now known to remove the second of the fatty acids from triglyceride, was long thought to be the critical rate-limiting step in the lipid break down. Much later, however, it became clear from research done by Zechner's team and others that another "missing lipase" must act ahead of hormone-sensitive...

Compound in dairy products targets diabetes

Fatty acids commonly found in dairy products have successfully...State. The compounds, known as conjugated linoleic acids (CLA), have also shown promising results in human trials, signaling a new way of potentially treatin...

Scientists solve sour taste proteins

...ncentration was low. When they added sour-tasting acids to the cells, the ion channels went from closed to open, enabling calcium ions to flow in, increasing their concentration within the cell and changing the cells from red to green, Matsunami said. The channels remained closed when confronted with salt...

Natural vitamin E tocotrienol reaches blood at protective levels

...ly stimulate damaging free radical activity. Fatty acids are related to stroke: They rapidly accumulate when a clot in a vessel stops blood flow to the brain, and play a role in irreversible brain injury. To observe the TCT's effectiveness, rodent neural cells were pretreated with extremely low concentr...

'Sticky' mice lead to discovery of new cause of neurodegenerative disease

... (tRNAs). Transfer RNAs transport individual amino acids to the cell's protein synthesis machinery, where t...tRNA is designed to carry only one of the 20 amino acids used to build proteins, and accurate loading is critical for the resulting protein to have the corre...

Study reveals details of mussels' tenacious bonds

...ng and Applied Science, attached single DOPA amino acids to an atomic force microscope tip and measured the strength of interaction between DOPA and inorganic and organic surfaces. They found that on an inorganic metal oxide surface DOPA interacts with the substrate by a coordinated noncovalent interacti...

Finding a better way to make biodiesel

... cheaper than soy oil, but also contain free fatty acids that can't be converted to biodiesel by current pr...talysts on the particle can convert the free fatty acids to biodiesel while basic catalysts can convert the oils into fuel. And the particles themselves are...

African parasite makes component of fat differently from all other organisms

...single gene in the trypanosome known to make fatty acids in other organisms, there was no change in the par...acid molecule - dubbed elongases, for making fatty acids longer - but never have been shown to actually make a new fatty acid molecule. Lee knocked out th...

Researchers add crucial information on how the body's T cells react to parasitic diseases

...d Tarleton, "because the parasite must have sialic acids to invade cells and infect the host. But since it doesn't have it, it must steal it from the host cells." The problem is that T. cruzi potentially expresses more than a thousand ts genes, and this pool varies from parasite to parasite--making this se...

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