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Tag: "acid" at biology news

Novel technology detects human DNA mutations

...o markedly advance the state-of-the-art in nucleic acid and proteomic research anddiagnostics."The analysis of whole human genomic DNA is extraordinarily complex asit requires sifting through the more than one billion base pairs of DNA to find a particular base pair of interest. Once that base pair is loc...

Lack of enzyme turns fat cells into fat burners

... and his colleagues studied the oxidation of fatty acid andglucose in cultures of fat cells isolated from ...eficient mice hada 25 percent higher rate of fatty acid oxidation and twofold higherrate of glucose oxidation than the normal mice.Others who participated i...

Current human embryonic stem cell lines contaminated UCSD/Salk team finds

...the U.S., contain a non-human, cell-surface sialic acid calledN-glycolylneuraminic acid (Neu5Gc), even though human cells aregenetically unable to make it. In a related paper published Nov...

Dinosaur DNA? New Patent Covers Degraded DNA recovery

...gi fossilized in amber. By reconstituting nucleic acid molecules that have been degraded but still contain useful information scientists at MatrixDesign are able to create a template from which to multiply the genetic material. That process is repeated until the genetic material is substantially represen...

Poplar trees redirect resources in response to simulated attack

...m at Brookhaven. Plants subjected to the jasmonic acid "attack" produced more radiolabeled sugar and deli...; Environment, shows that, in response to jasmonic acid "attack," the plants diverted more newly acquired carbon into isoprene production. "Scientists are o...

Scientists develop new color-coded test for protein folding

...artburn medication. But when drops of hydrochloric acid were added, the solution began to change color, tu...Lab analysis revealed that additional hydrochloric acid was causing the cytochrome c molecules to unfold. As a result, gold nanoparticles coated with cytoch...

Amino acids in nectar enhance butterfly fecundity: A long awaited link

...terflies actually prefer nectars with a high amino acid content. These findings led to speculations about ...sing evolutionary link between costly nectar amino acid production by plants, nectar preferences of and fitness benefits to butterflies. This article by Jo...

Papers of DNA Pioneer and Nobel Laureate Francis Crick Added to National Library of Medicine’s Profiles in Science Web Site

... discovery of the double helix of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in 1953, considered the most significant advance in biology since Darwin’s theory of evolution. The insights of Crick, and his collaborator, James D. Watson, into the structure of DNA and into the genetic code made possible a new understanding ...

Alcohol's effects on gene expression in the central nervous system

...f our cells have exactly the same deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), which means they all have the same genes," explained William J. McBride, symposium organizer and professor of neurobiology at the Indiana University School of Medicine. "The reason that different cells can appear and work so differently with t...

Scientists document complex genomic events leading to the birth of new genes

... nuclear pore complex, helping to regulate nucleic acid and protein traffic in and out of the nucleus. The corresponding gene is present in all sequenced animal genomes but not in other eukaryotes, such as plants or fungi. The new gene family characterized by Dr. Bork and his colleagues was largely deriv...

The Shapes Of Life: NIGMS Project Yields More Than 1,000 Protein Structures

...he structures of other proteins with related amino acid sequences. Although the main focus of the second phase of the PSI will be on solving protein structures, Norvell said there will be continued development of new technology: “As we reach for higher-hanging fruit ?protein structures that are more comp...

Scientists solve structure of key protein in innate immune response

...revious biochemical studies demonstrate that amino acid residues comprising the pocket are critical for LPS binding. Most, if not all, of the CD14 ligands compete with LPS for CD14 binding. Therefore, they probably share the same binding pocket with LPS." Ligands other than LPS can be accommodated in the...

Opposing fat metabolism pathways triggered by a single gene

... pathways: mitochondrial lipid oxidation and fatty acid desaturation. Following up on these changes in ge...receptor nhr-49 controls fat consumption and fatty acid composition in C. elegans. PLoS Biol 3(2): e53. ...

NASA links nanobacteria to kidney stones and other diseases

...ial because the research on their putative nucleic acid has not been completed yet," states lead researcher Neva Ciftcioglu, Ph.D. However, the group's research provides additional clues to understanding NB and its link to pathologic calcification-related diseases. "Hopefully, eradication or treatment of...

Fibril Shape Is The Basis Of Prion Strains And Cross-species Prion Infection

... be defined by differences in the underlying amino acid sequences of the prions. Under this scenario, dise...re likely between species with similar prion amino acid sequences. But a few mysteries stood in the way: Some individuals harbored several different prion ...

Multi-purpose protein regulates new protein synthesis and immune cell development

...ns from genes. Chaperone proteins fold these amino acid chains into specific shapes and direct them to different areas of the ER for processing. When too many amino acids pile up in the ER membrane, or when something goes wrong with the folding process, the entire system can get clogged with unfolded pro...

Affymetrix Licenses Microfluidics Technology From Caliper Life Sciences

... to products intended primarily to perform nucleic acid separations as a discrete, non-integrated quality control step. ...

Survey finds silver contamination in North Pacific waters

...e nitrogen and sulfur compounds that contribute to acid rain and smog. Previous studies by Flegal's group have also found high mercury levels in rainfall on the U.S. West Coast, which they linked to contamination from coal burning in Asia. "Unlike mercury, silver is not a human health concern. But silver...

Defenseless plants arm themselves with metals

...lant resist infection. A molecule called salicylic acid - a common plant compound and the active ingredien...nfection-fighting proteins also turn off salicylic acid production, a phenomenon known as negative feedback. In this way, plants can turn the pathogen defen...

Protein helps regulate the genes of embryonic stem cells

... ago worked to crack the genetic code, the nucleic acid sequence of As, Cs, Gs and Ts making up the DNA of genes. Today, Magnuson's team is trying to unravel a different, newly appreciated mode of inheritance: epigenetics. "Epigenetic inheritance is heritable information passed down through generations o...

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