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Tag: "account" at biology news

New HIV statistics indicate increasing toll of AIDS on African American community

...icans comprise only 13% of the U.S. population but account for over half of all new HIV/AIDS diagnoses. Over 200,000 African-Americans have died of AIDS, half a million are now living with HIV and blacks are 10 times more likely than whites to have AIDS. Confronting this national health disparity is a para...

Mass vaccination unnecessary in the event of a large bioterrorist US smallpox attack

... on a tool called stochastic modeling to take into account real-world unpredictability, as well as many factors about the disease and the affected population. In constructing these models, Longini and colleagues begin with assumptions about how people interact and how the virus spreads. They also introduce a...

Researchers discover key mechanism by which lethal viruses Ebola and Marburg cause disease

...rs, and it is speculated that filovirus infections account at least in part for the recent decline in the gorilla and chimpanzee population in central Africa. There is no cure or approved vaccine for either Marburg or Ebola virus. Immunosuppression occurs early after infection and allows the viruses to rep...

Researchers give name to ancient mystery creature

...eontology provide the first and only comprehensive account of the creature, named Horolodectes sunae, for the unusual shape of the crowns of the teeth. Horolodectes lived about 60 million years ago, soon after the dinosaurs went extinct, in a period known for its rapid diversification of small mammals. Based...

Cigarette smoking impedes tendon-to-bone healing

...ificant aspect about this study is that we did not account for other detrimental chemicals in cigarettes. Rats were not exposed to carbon monoxide, tar or the other substances that harm people who smoke. So if anything, we may have underestimated the negative effects of cigarette smoking on rotator cuff heal...

Study finds the air rich with bacteria

...only about 100 kilometers apart. After taking into account these similarities, they determined that the two cities shared a similar microbial composition. "This gives us hope that we can eventually develop a regional airborne microbial census, perhaps even a nationwide or global census," says Andersen. "...

Temperament linked to onset of cancer and early death in female rats

...than adventuresome rats, and that disruption could account for hormonal differences linked to the development of cancer earlier, the scholars found. There was no difference in the length of time between onset of cancer and death in the two set of rats, however, the scholars found. Because the findings hav...

New technology used to construct the first map of structural variation in the human genome

...ead to variation in gene expression levels and may account for a large amount of phenotypic variation among individuals and ethnic populations, including differential responses to drugs and environmental stimuli. Mechanisms underlying the formation of CNVs also provide insight into evolutionary processes an...

Researchers map spread of pathogens in the human body

...usefulness of multiple-drug therapy must take into account the full evaluation of potential synergistic effects of combining drugs that can target bacteria in different body compartments. Furthermore, drug resistance can be caused, in part, by improper "blanket" use of antibiotics. As Dr. Mastroeni's more pr...

Commercial fishing causes dangerous fluctuations in fish populations

...ts (TACs), but a fixed TAC which doesn't take into account the variability of abundance over time, may mean t...uture decisions about fishery management take into account the variations caused by fishing, to safeguard the future of key fish populations....

'Killer' B cells demonstrate evolutionary link between fish and mammal immune systems

...e researchers determined that these attack B cells account for more than 30-40% of all immune cells in fish, while phagocytic cells only make up a small portion of the total number of immune cells in mammals. Further research also showed that a significant portion of amphibian B cells retained their digesti...

Most widely used organic pesticide requires help to kill

...ter understood. Bacterial infections in humans may account for as much as 10 percent of mortality in the United States. "It is thought that the gut is the source of bacteria for a large portion of cases of human septicemia, so if this mechanism is shared by Bt and toxins produced by human pathogens, the im...

Mayo Clinic collaboration mining of ancient herbal text leads to potential new anti-bacterial drug

... for the Dutch East Indies Company. His book is an account of the herbal healing traditions on the Indonesian island of Ambon. Rumphius' description of Atun kernels' therapeutic properties is what modern medicine calls "antimotility agents," they stop diarrhea. Writes Rumphius: "... these same kernels ... wi...

High dopamine transporter levels not correlated with ADHD

...gest that dopamine transporter levels alone cannot account for the severity of symptoms of inattention in ADH...on with dopamine transporters would be required to account for the severity of the symptoms of inattention in ADHD," Volkow said. "We speculate that this other...

Plants' role in global warming re-examined

...be somewhat overstated as they have not taken into account plants' ability to adjust to changing conditions, according to researchers from Oak Ridge National Laboratory. In a Perspectives paper published April 28 by Science, a team led by Tony King cites ORNL findings suggesting that about 9 percent more ca...

Crohn's disease gene identified

...nown as CARD 15, but those mutations alone did not account for all of the genetic components of the disease. To identify additional genes associated with IBD, the international research team scanned the genome, testing more than 300,000 single nucleotide polymorphisms, or SNPs, in people with Crohn's disea...

Breastfeeding boosts mental health

.... "Even when we adjust the results to take into account other factors such as the parents' socio-economic situation, their education, their happiness and family functioning, we see that children that were breastfed for at least six months are at lower risk of mental health problems," Dr Oddy said. The ...

UGA scientists engineer root-knot nematode resistance

... Sciences. Four common root-knot nematode species account for 95 percent of all infestations in agricultural land. By discovering a root-knot nematode parasitism gene that's essential for the nematode to infect crops, the scientists have developed a resistance gene effective against all four species. Using...

Bacterial 'switch gene' regulates how oceans emit sulfur into atmosphere

...en new areas of research, since DMSP synthesis may account for almost all marine-created atmospheric sulfur. The findings also expand knowledge of how these marine organisms are involved in the routing of carbon and sulfur into the microbial food web. ...

Study defines effective microbicide design for HIV/AIDS prevention

...obicides is a pressing challenge because women now account for a growing number of new infections worldwide, the researchers said. By applying fundamentals of physics and chemistry, the researchers developed a computer model that can predict the effectiveness of various microbicidal recipes in destroying h...

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