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Tag: "abilities" at biology news

Study defines effective microbicide design for HIV/AIDS prevention

...e. "In many cases, women lack control over their abilities to protect themselves against the virus," Katz said. "Microbicide development is a response to the demonstrated need for new female-controlled methods for HIV prophylaxis." In the current study, the researchers developed a mathematical model that s...

Bone marrow may restore cells lost in vision diseases

... contains stem cells, which have the extraordinary abilities to home in on injuries and possibly regenerate other cell types in the body. In this case, the cells were transplanted to confirm that bone marrow does regenerate the injured RPE. It was easier to track male, pigment-producing cells in female, albino...

A single sugar found responsible for an antibody's ability to treat inflammation

...ell's surface. Antibody subclasses have different abilities to induce inflammation in the body by virtue of their selective ability to engage either activating or inhibitory Fc receptors. Earlier work had shown that IVIG infusion changed this ratio of activating and inhibitory receptors on the cells that trig...

A sweet solution for Alzheimer's disease?

... Scyllo-inositol treatment also improved cognitive abilities in the mice and allowed them to live a normal lifetime. The study appeared in advance online publication of the journal Nature Medicine on June 11, 2006. HHMI international research scholar and senior author Peter St George-Hyslop cautioned that the...

Ultra low-dose estrogen shown safe for post-menopausal women

...es of estrogen had no ill effects on the cognitive abilities or general health of older women over the course o... at the potential effects of estrogen on cognitive abilities and quality of life. A group of 417 post-menopausal women aged 60 to 80 were randomly assigned to re...

Primates take weather into account when searching for fruits

... notion has been that primates' superior cognitive abilities have evolved in the social realm. Many primate species live in complex societies, and, the argument goes, this favored the evolution of especially developed social skills. Although there is much empirical evidence in favor of the social-intelligence ...

New approach to vaccine development provides potent, long-lasting immunity

...litation approaches for people who have lost motor abilities to brain injuries like strokes. In a report on the work in the May 23 issue of PLoS Biology, the researchers built on their observations that some parts of the brain learn - and forget - fast, while others learn more slowly and more lastingly. Both...

Robotic joystick reveals how brain controls movement

...litation approaches for people who have lost motor abilities to brain injuries like strokes. In a report on the work in the May 23 issue of PLoS Biology, the researchers built on their observations that some parts of the brain learn - and forget - fast, while others learn more slowly and more lastingly. Both...

MIT researchers build tiny batteries with viruses

...cher and colleagues learned they could exploit the abilities of microbes to recognize the correct molecules and assemble them where they belong. A new means of inducing this order comes from self-assembly, a tool that is commonly used now in Hammond's lab. "By harnessing the electrostatic nature of the assem...

Understanding the actions of others requires the frontal cortex

... it has been difficult for researchers to test the abilities of such patients on other tasks, and thereby gain further understanding of the role of the frontal cortex. Now, Gorana Pobric of the International School for Advanced Studies in Trieste, Italy, and Dr. Antonia Hamilton of Dartmouth College have used...

Can dogs smell cancer?

...es. Other scientific studies have documented the abilities of dogs to identify chemicals that are diluted as low as parts per trillion. The clinical implications of canine olfaction first came to light in the case report of a dog alerting its owner to the presence of a melanoma by constantly sniffing the ski...

Morning grogginess more debilitating than sleep deprivation, according to CU-Boulder study

...d short-term memory, counting skills and cognitive abilities during the groggy period upon awakening known as sleep inertia, said CU-Boulder Assistant Professor Kenneth Wright, lead study author. The new study has implications for medical, safety and transportation workers who are often called upon to perform...

Weizmann Institute suggests that immune cells help to maintain cognition and brain cell renewal

...ce plays a role in maintaining learning and memory abilities in adulthood. Schwartz points out that the role of the autoimmune T cells is not to affect the level of intelligence or motivation, but rather, to allow the organism to achieve the full potential of its brainpower. "These findings," she says, "give...

Novel molecular 'signature' marks DNA of embryonic stem cells

...erstand why ordinary cells are so limited in their abilities to repair or replace damaged cells. "This is an entirely new and unexpected discovery," said Brad Bernstein, lead author of the study, assistant professor at Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, and a researcher in the Chemical...

Mice studies illustrate potential of chimp/human antibodies to protect against smallpox

.... Since there was no difference in the protective abilities between the two hybrid antibodies, the researchers used 8AH8AL to determine the minimum effective dose. Groups of mice were given decreasing doses--90, 45 and 22.5 micrograms per mouse--of 8AH8AL or a single 5-mg dose of human VIG (two and a half tim...

'Uniquely human' component of language found in gregarious birds

...ot surprised. They are well aware of the cognitive abilities of many animals." "These birds are a lot smarter than you might think," Margoliash said. "They have innate abilities. They solve interesting problems and learn difficult tasks. Any number of times during the experiments I said 'they can't possib...

Infants can organise visual information at just four months

...ng and long-looking categories, and links to later abilities are suggested. Unusually, we looked at this longit...wborn babies. At four months, two further grouping abilities emerged: grouping by shape and by proximity. Proximity grouping had not been tested in infants prior...

'Sharp' older brains are not the same as younger brains

... "We found that aged rats with preserved cognitive abilities are not biologically equivalent to young rats in s...those of older rats which showed declines in their abilities to learn new things. The researchers were looking at a key set of nerve cell connections that store ...

Wright bros. upstaged! Dinos invented biplanes

...previously used to successfully analyze the flying abilities of pterosaurs and Archaeopteryx. Based on the aero...ng, and finally acquired powered flight. As those abilities developed, feathers became larger and more specialized, providing greater lift and thrust. The Chin...

Life in deadly conditions

...siological experiments, how to explain the amazing abilities of these extreme organisms. Friedhelm Pfeiffer, the research group's bioinformatics expert, created a database for halophile (Greek "salt-lovers") archaea, called HaloLex (see link below). Using the database, genetic and protein data about the organ...

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