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Tag: "type" at biology news

Identified main genetic variants involved in response to HIV

...une degradation as a result of the infection. This type of comparison, known as association study, permitted to deduct main genetic variations playing a central role in the control of viral infection. Results point to two gene variants related to the immune system. More precisely, these variations are i...

Agent slows aging in mice

...er limit of old age" The longest that mice of this type usually live is around 1,000 to 1,100 days. “If NDGA turns out to extend maximal lifespan by 20 or 30 percent, people would accept that as an important finding,” Miller says. No one excited by these early results in mice is advised to bulk up ...

Innovative smallpox vaccine research study to be conducted at Case Medical Center

...against the disease. The study is the first of its type in Northeast Ohio. The current FDA-approved vaccine, Dryvax®, is not recommended for use on everyone because of the potential for serious side effects in certain individuals. “For example, the current vaccine cannot be used in immune-compromised in...

Blood test may help signal tumor's remission, return in throat cancer patients

...ead and neck cancer is an excellent example of the type of collaborative study between two NIH institutes that helps advance the field,” said NCI Director, John E. Niederhuber, M.D. It is estimated that more than 34,000 Americans will be diagnosed with cancer of the oral cavity and pharynx (the middle...

Research team identifies new Alzheimer's gene

...e informed decision regarding the most appropriate type and timing of treatment,” said Dr. Chris Heward, President of Kronos Science Laboratory. Until recently, researchers lacked the technology to examine the genetic components of a disease at such a high-level of detail. By utilizing the Affymetrix 5...

New bacterium discovered -- related to cause of trench fever

...mised patients. But when I saw this patient, this type of infection had never been seen at UCSF, and the bacterium causing the infection was unknown.” Koehler’s group went on to discover that two different Bartonella species can cause these disfiguring and potentially fatal infections in AIDS patient...

In mice, drug protects against diabetes and atherosclerosis

...th an experimental drug prevented and treated both type 2 diabetes and atherosclerosis in laboratory mice ...gns of metabolic diseases such as atherosclerosis, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver disease never developed. Recently, researchers in Hotamisligil's lab and...

New study finds genetically engineered crops could play a role in sustainable agriculture

...swer is that it depends to a large degree upon the type of comparison one makes. When Bt crops are compared to crops sprayed with insecticides, the Bt crops come out looking quite good. But when Bt crops are compared to crops without insecticides, there are reductions of certain animal groups that warran...

Newly found sensing system enables certain bacteria to resist human immune defenses

..., have discovered a survival mechanism in a common type of bacteria that can cause illness. The mechanism lets the bacteria protect itself by warding off attacks from antimicrobial peptides (AMPs), which are defense molecules sent by the body to kill bacteria. Bacteria are divided into two types, gram-po...

Stroke study sheds light on left-right brain divide

...en we have made mistakes,’ Dr Hodgson added. ‘This type of “self-monitoring” function may play a crucial role in many day to day situations. For example, when preparing a meal we often have to keep track of several tasks at once and make sure we perform each one correctly and at the right time.’...

Genetic factors are linked to fever following smallpox vaccination

...late the vaccination plan according to risk. This type of practice, the goal of personalized predictive medicine, appears closer in feasibility than ever given the pace of genetic testing.”...

Small, self-controlled planes combine plant pathology and engineering

...e entire microbial populations in the atmosphere—a type of research he calls “aerogenomics.” “One of the species we collected with our autonomous UAVs appears to be a bacterium known only to exist in a cavern in Arizona,” he said. “What was that bacterium doing 100 meters above Kentland Farm" In many o...

Herpes virus hijacks DNA repair process

...is inappropriate activation, orf36, is a kinase, a type of protein that chemically modifies other molecules to activate different processes or transmit signals. Genetic comparisons with several human herpes viruses revealed kinases similar to orf36 in the human viruses. Scientists then took a similar kina...

Potent possibilities for parasite attack

... parasite genes are important in determining which type of disease develops after infection and the host genome plays a major role in clinical outcome." The results picked up another surprising finding: the team could assign a function to only one-third of the 200 genes restricted to one or two of the ...

Potato wart eyed as risk to potato production

...n make this disease especially problematic for any type of cultivated potato production, including small garden plots and subsistence farming to extensive land areas economically dependent on commercial production of potatoes for consumption or for potato seed production. "Potato wart is much easier to...

Fat fish put obesity on the hook

...aused obesity in zebrafish by introducing the same type of genetic mutation that causes severe obesity in ...g, but not limited to: hypertension, dyslipidemia, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, stroke, gallbladder disease, osteoarthritis, sleep apnea and res...

Reconstructing the biology of extinct species: A new approach

...environment -- should be irrevocably linked to the type of locomotion produced by its limbs. "If an animal evolves a new way of moving about the world, its organ of balance must evolve accordingly," Walker explains. From the visual information, the animal tracks its position relative to stationary objec...

Electric fish conduct electric duets in aquatic courtship

...eeding and nonbreeding Brienomyrus brachyistius, a type of mormyrid electric fish, which emit weak electric fields from a batterylike organ in their tails to sense their surroundings and communicate their species, sex and social status with other fish. It is also the first study to successfully sort signa...

The mouflons of the Kerguelen archipelago

...ffer residents the opportunity to hunt mouflons (a type of wild sheep). A pair of Corsican mouflons was imported from the Vincennes Zoo in Paris. Initially, the mouflon population grew exponentially, and then, from the early 1980s, it fluctuated between 300 and 700 individuals. The history of a fasci...

Revealed -- Mosquito genes that could be controlling the spread of killer viruses

...of these genetic differences could explain why one type of mosquito transmits dengue and yellow fevers, while the other transmits malaria. Beyond the present descriptive work, functional studies will be needed to clarify exactly how this happens. “This study made us realise that the immune systems...

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