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Tag: "traffic" at biology news

Neuronal 'traffic jam' marks early Alzheimer's disease

...enters of the nerve cells. In a vicious cycle, the traffic jam also could increase production of an abnormal protein that clogs neurons, leading to their failure and eventual death. The researchers said their findings could provide information that might be used to develop drugs to preserve the molecular tr...

Scientists document complex genomic events leading to the birth of new genes

...plex, helping to regulate nucleic acid and protein traffic in and out of the nucleus. The corresponding gene is present in all sequenced animal genomes but not in other eukaryotes, such as plants or fungi. The new gene family characterized by Dr. Bork and his colleagues was largely derived from RanPB2, but ...

South America's vast pantanal wetland may become next everglades, UNU experts warn

...he analysis says. The goal: to improve river barge traffic through dredging, channel modification, and port installation. "Depending on how it is implemented, this project could potentially modify various key ecological processes in the Pantanal, including the flood pulse. The Hidrovia, if fully constructed...

Breast-Cancer Risk Linked to Exposure to Traffic Emissions at Menarche, First Birth

Exposure to carcinogens in traffic emissions at particular lifetime points may increa...ydrocarbons (PAHs), potential carcinogens found in traffic emissions, was associated with increased risk of premenopausal breast cancer. However, for postmeno...

Researchers develop assay that could be applied to drug screening

... to internalize cell surface receptors. All cells traffic protein cargos across their outer membrane, and one of the most important routes for cargo internalization is clathrin mediated endocytosis (CME). CME is of fundamental importance for many cellular activities including receptor down-regulation, nutri...

Internet viruses help ecologists control invasive species

...al hub for two reasons. First, all of its outbound traffic was to non-invaded lakes and second, the total amount of traffic leaving this source was high," they say. The findings are important because they allow the limited ...

Motor transport in bio-nano systems

...d-like filaments and, in this way, drive the heavy traffic of molecular cargo within biological cells. Both m...sport but, at the same time, avoid the build-up of traffic jams. Scientists from the Max Planck Institute of Colloids and Interfaces in Potsdam and from the Un...

Discovery of T-cell 'traffic control' boosts new drug promise

... own tissues and causing autoimmune diseases. The traffic control system -- composed of a fat-like compound ...from launching harmful reactions. But when the S1P traffic cop reacts incorrectly, T cells can swamp healthy tissue. The new research explains how a promising ...

Gradient guides nerve growth down spinal cord

...a similar set of chemical signals to regulate axon traffic in both directions along the length of the spinal cord." It may also prove a boon to clinicians, offering clues about how to grow new connections among neurons to repair or replace damaged nerves. Unlike many other body components, damaged axons in ...

Sensor web simulation investigates technique to improve prediction of pollution across the globe

...sil fuel burning in industrial areas and vehicular traffic in metropolitan areas are also major pollutant sou...ents as a volcanic ash plume is transported to air traffic routes, or when smoke of a wildfire is carried aloft, then dispersed over large metropolitan areas. ...

Vaccine targets tumors where they live

...tablished tumors require tumor-reactive T cells to traffic to the sites of the tumors and are locally activated there in order to kill cancer cells. A problem is that the T cells lose their tumor-killing power once they reach the environment surrounding the tumor. This happens because T cells decrease stimul...

Brain networks change according to cognitive task

...ty. The highway is static. No matter how heavy the traffic load, it always has the same number of lanes. In the brain, there is a dynamic change that allows certain pathways to preferentially facilitate the demands of a given cognitive task. The brain highway in effect "adds lanes" to accommodate the require...

Studies on human genome variation provide insight into disease

...6-7941 E-mail: larionov@mail.nih.gov Genetic traffic in DiGeorge syndrome One of the most common hum...s show that there are intervals with more frequent traffic of genetic material ?regions with higher rates of gene conversion or recombination ?that are indicat...

Housecat-sized Siberian tiger cubs get collared

...6-7941 E-mail: larionov@mail.nih.gov Genetic traffic in DiGeorge syndrome One of the most common hum...s show that there are intervals with more frequent traffic of genetic material ?regions with higher rates of gene conversion or recombination ?that are indicat...

Cornell finds natural selection in humans

...of cells and muscles as well as genes that control traffic in and out of the cell. These mutations are subject to weak negative selection, according to the study. In general, negative selection eliminates from the population very harmful changes to proteins that kill or stop reproduction. But mutations that ...

Bugs expose underground carbon traffic system 10 times more important than fossil fuel burning

...ss of insects to expose the key underground carbon traffic system - by eating it. The University of Warwick team worked with researchers from Aberdeen, Lancaster and Sheffield, to try and establish if plant associated fungi - arbulscar mycorrhizal (AM) fungi - found on the roots of 80% of all land plants ha...

Chlamydia parasite lives off our fat

...oteins known to regulate lipid synthesis, membrane traffic and cell signaling. Now in new research presented Sunday at the 45th Annual Meeting of the American Society for Cell Biology in San Francisco, Yadunanda Kumar and Raphael Valdivia of Duke University Medical Center report that Chlamydia loves our lipi...

Immune response to HIV in the brain

...ed with difficulties ranging from a higher rate of traffic tickets to increased mortality. In recent years, access to potent antiretroviral drugs in the United States and other developed countries has significantly improved the health, survival, and functioning of HIV-infected individuals. But since people ...

Experimental vaccine protects nonhuman primates when given after exposure to Marburg virus

...ed with difficulties ranging from a higher rate of traffic tickets to increased mortality. In recent years, access to potent antiretroviral drugs in the United States and other developed countries has significantly improved the health, survival, and functioning of HIV-infected individuals. But since people ...

Researchers solve mystery of how nuclear pores duplicate before cell division

...in structures within a cell and control the entire traffic in and out of the cell's nucleus, from tiny molecules such as histones, which bind DNA, to huge structures such as ribosomes," he explained. To form the transport channels that span the nuclear membrane, 30 different proteins, called nucleoporins, ...

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