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Tag: "stem" at biology news

Scratch no more: Gene for itch sensation discovered

...be caused by skin disorders like eczema, or it can stem from a deeper problem such as kidney failure or liver disease. It can be a serious side effect of cancer therapies or powerful painkillers like morphine. For some people, chronic itching can be very disruptive, interfering with sleep or giving rise t...

Common cancer gene sends death order to tiny killer

... zero miR-34a. "With no p53 gene or miR-34a to stem tumor development, there's no brake in pancreatic cells and uncontrolled growth leads to cancer," says Anirban Maitra, M.B.B.S., associate professor of pathology, oncology and genetic medicine. Mendell and his team are looking for missing miR-34a ...

Enzyme delivered in smaller package protects cells from radiation damage

...ior to subsequent transplantation of hematopoietic stem cells, bone marrow stem cells or peripheral blood progenitor stem cells. However, there is increasing concern that such high...

Cigarette smoke alters DNA in sperm, genetic damage could pass to offspring

...ply of new sperm from self-renewing spermatogonial stem cells. Yauk, along with colleagues at Health Canad...d McMaster University, studied the spermatogonial stem cells of mature mice that had been exposed to cigarette smoke for either six or 12 weeks to look for...

Loss of stem cells correlates with premature aging in animal study

...o development leads to premature aging and loss of stem cell reservoirs in adult mice. This gene, ATR, is ...f, most tissues have a reservoir of specific adult stem cells. These stem cells don’t divide as frequently as other cell types since they need to maintain t...

Research shows cord blood comparable to matched bone marrow

... the medical community about which source of blood stem cells (cord blood or marrow) should be considered the “gold standard” for treatment of childhood leukemia. In this study, the investigators compared outcomes of pediatric leukemia patients who received unrelated bone marrow transplants with those ...

University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine researchers develop 'off-the-shelf' vascular grafts

...eered artificial blood vessels from muscle-derived stem cells (MDSCs) and a biodegradable polymer that exh... is that the graft could utilize the patient’s own stem cells and be ready for implantation almost immediately or, at most, after a relatively short culture...

Cancer stem cells similar to normal stem cells can thwart anti-cancer agents

...multiple-drug-resistant tumor cells, called cancer stem cells, which ultimately become the source of disea...it must be able to target a small subset of cancer stem cells, which they have shown share the same protective mechanisms as normal lung stem cells. They ar...

Mutating the entire genome

... to make multiple manipulations in mouse embryonic stem cells, which means those cells are less likely to yield mice with the desired stretch of DNA disabled, Capecchi says. To quickly, cheaply mutate genes or none-gene DNA, Wu and Capecchi used short pieces of DNA known as loxP. Pieces of loxP act li...

Study identifies 5 genetic themes key to keeping stem cells in a primitive, flexible state

For more than 25 years, stem cells have been defined based on what they can bec...entists have sought a more molecular definition of stem cells, based on the genes they express. Now, a team of Canadian scientists has identified 1,155 ge...

AAAS decries latest stem cell veto

..., which would expand federal support for embryonic stem cell research. AAAS, the world’s largest general s... bill. The scientific consensus is that embryonic stem cell research is an extremely promising approach to developing more effective treatments for devasta...

Adult stem cells from human cord umbilical cord blood successfully engineered to make insulin

...here have reported that they have engineered adult stem cells derived from human umbilical cord blood to p...onstration that human umbilical cord blood-derived stem cells can be engineered" to synthesize insulin. "This discovery tells us that we have the potenti...

Detecting cold, feeling pain: Study reveals why menthol feels fresh

...moving through nerves in the spinal cord and brain stem up to the brain, which prompts a response, or "feeling." Co-author of the current study Allan Basbaum, PhD, also of UCSF, is a pioneer of research into the mechanism of chronic pain within the central nervous system. The Julius team's complementa...

Human stem cell treatment restores motor function in paralyzed rats

...n six weeks after receiving grafts of human spinal stem cells (hSSCs), researchers from the University of ...the spine’s neural cells, by grafting human neural stem cells directly into the spinal cord we can achieve a progressive recovery of motor function,” said M...

Master regulatory gene of epithelial stem cells identified

...genital tract. This master regulator of epithelial stem cells turns out to be the p63 gene, a close relati...mutant mice run out of the regenerative epithelial stem cells. The findings also have implications for cancers of the skin, breast and prostate, which are ...

Cancer patients monitor fatigue in real time

...are studying fatigue in cancer patients undergoing stem cell transplants using a method successfully used ... fatigue three times a day for three days prior to stem cell transplantation and three days following the procedure. A signal from the device reminded patie...

Newborn neurons like to hang with the 'in' crowd

...clear. "If you have hopes that one day neuronal stem cells can replace damaged neurons in neurodegenera...o the hippocampus, a brain region harboring neural stem cells that give rise to new neurons. Newly born neurons infected with virus were marked by a fluores...

Female-led infanticide in wild chimpanzees

...What drives the behavior is not yet clear, but may stem from demographic shifts that alter sex ratios and put increased pressure on females competing for foraging areas. In their report, the authors note that the Sonso community had experienced a significant population increase in the ten years prior to t...

First demonstration of new hair follicle generation in an animal model

...mbryonic molecular pathways were awakened, sending stem cells to the area of injury. Unexpectedly, the reg...d hair follicles originated from non-hair-follicle stem cells. “We’ve found that we can influence wound healing with wnts or other proteins that allow th...

Implanting dopamine generators in brain cells obtains improvement in Parkinson's in monkeys

...50% of the cells of the black substance (the brain stem structure) that manufactures dopamine and sends out projections to the striate area. In order to implant dopaminergic cells in the brain, it is necessary to effect a trepanation through which the fragments from the carotid are injected into the st...

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