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Tag: "solved" at biology news

Chemists create 'Superbowl' molecule; May lead to better health

...ates are confident these potential problems can be solved with further testing and some clever chemical engineering. Funding for this study was provided by The Australian National University. In addition to Sherburn, study authors include Elizabeth S. Barrett and Alison J. Edwards, also with Australian Nat...

Elusive HIV shape change revealed; Key clue to how virus infects cells

...inds to the CD4 receptor and changes its shape was solved several years ago by another group. Harrison and Chen have now described gp120's structure before the shape change, yielding vital before-and-after information on how the molecule rearranges itself when it encounters the CD4 receptor. "Knowing how g...

Why do insects stop 'breathing'? To avoid damage from too much oxygen, say researchers

...igating the respiratory system of insects may have solved a mystery that has intrigued physiologists for decades: why insects routinely stop breathing for minutes at a time. Challenging previous theories, researchers at UC Irvine and Humboldt University propose that insects such as grasshoppers, moths, but...

The Shapes Of Life: NIGMS Project Yields More Than 1,000 Protein Structures

... place, the number of protein structures they have solved has increased significantly. In the second, third,...iological structure data. “The protein structures solved by the PSI are more than a scientific stamp collection,?explained Norvell. “They will help researche...

The BIOS Initiative - open source biotechnology is born

...ealth, poverty and hunger. These problems are best solved by empowering untapped resources - the countless creative people who are currently marginalized", says Jefferson, an influential scientist who in 2003 was named as one of Scientific American's 50 Top Technology Innovators and is a Fellow of the Schwa...

Novel ultrafast laser detection of cancer cells also may improve understanding of stem cells

... isolated by type in a flask. This problem will be solved by winnowing out unlikely particles through size and frequency. ...

Scientists solve structure of key protein in innate immune response

...nate immune response." Dr. Lee and his colleagues solved the three-dimensional crystal structure of CD14, providing crucial insights into how the receptor binds to its ligands. "Our structure shows that CD14 has a large hydrophobic pocket near its amino terminus," says Dr. Lee. "We propose that this pocket...

Cooperation is key—a new way of looking at MicroRNA and how it controls gene expression

...ew had been identified. When the human genome was solved and published in 2001, many scientists thought that the task of finding the mRNA to which the microRNA bound would be relatively straightforward. After all, a short stretch of nucleotides like a microRNA should be expected to bind to a piece of RNA o...

Biochemists report discovery of structure of major piece of telomerase; implications for cancer

...lar Carla Theimer and graduate student Craig Blois solved the structure of an essential piece of this RNA. Telomerase has been extremely difficult to characterize structurally because of its size and complexity, and its low level in normal cells. "This is a unique RNA structure, with distinctive features ...

Researchers make surprise discovery that some neurons can transmit three signals at once

... now, the Pittsburgh researchers believe they have solved some of the mystery. During this crucial period, immature inhibitory synapses also release the excitatory neurotransmitter glutamate, and by mimicking excitatory synapses, can stimulate NMDA receptors. "It first appeared odd to us that an immature i...

Successful Test Of Single Molecule Switch Opens The Door To Biomolecular Electronics

...se properties in conductance experiments. The team solved the problem by developing a technique where the mo...nic behavior. Recently, this problem may have been solved by using the scanning probe microscope to make and measure single-molecule contacts, with molecules ...

Understanding how bacteria communicate may help scientists prevent disease

... 2004, Kulkarni and his collaborators at Princeton solved the mystery. Using bioinformatics and modeling, Kulkarni drafted theoretical predictions for the missing regulatory element, which were confirmed experimentally by his colleagues at Princeton. "We showed that the crucial missing element was a group ...

Researchers reveal secret of key protein in brain and heart function

Brown University biologists have solved the structure of a critical piece of synapse-associated protein 97 (SAP97) found in abundance in the heart and head, where it is believed to play a role in everything from cardiac contractions to memory creation. Results are published in The Journal ...

Vitamin A's paradoxical role in influencing symmetry during embryonic development revealed

...itute for Biological Studies report that they have solved one of the "holy grail" puzzles of developmental biology: the existence of a mechanism that insures that the exterior of our bodies is symmetrical while inner organs are arranged asymmetrically. In research with zebra fish, as a model for human biol...

Scientists take aim at virulent bacteria by decoding machinery of key control enzyme

...orton, PhD, Research Assistant Professor, have now solved the co-crystal structure of the Dam enzyme in complex with DNA, which has allowed them to observe exactly how the enzyme finds its target on bacterial DNA. The Dam enzyme begins by binding non-specifically to DNA, but once it fastens tightly, it gli...

Scripps research scientists solve structure of a critical innate immune system protein

Scientists at The Scripps Research Institute have solved the structure of a crucial human immune system mol... The structure that Wilson and his colleagues have solved shows how the repeating leucine-rich repeat motifs assembled in TLR3 in never-before-seen detail. Th...

Virginia Tech group adds tools to DNA-targeted anti-cancer drugs

...nnounced the creation of molecular assemblies that solved two challenges facing photodynamic therapy, or activating drug delivery devices with light. The Brewer group's systems could be activated by visible light in the therapeutic range - a wavelength not blocked or reflected by tissue. The systems also we...

Bad aftertaste? New sensory on/off switch may 'cure' bane of artificial sweetener search

...nnounced the creation of molecular assemblies that solved two challenges facing photodynamic therapy, or activating drug delivery devices with light. The Brewer group's systems could be activated by visible light in the therapeutic range - a wavelength not blocked or reflected by tissue. The systems also we...

Genomic sequences processed in minutes, rather than weeks

...s -- such as the analysis of an organism -- can be solved in minutes, rather than weeks. In the world of high-end computing, researchers assemble systems composed of many processors. For example, PNNL's supercomputer has 1,960 processors ?a big machine with lots of memory and the ability to tackle large pr...

Major advance made on DNA structure

...ich was discovered and another whose structure was solved at OSU in recent years ?that all have different effects on genetic function. Aside from the genetic sequence that DNA encodes, the structure of the DNA itself can have profound biological effects, scientists now understand. Until now, there has been...

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