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Tag: "silicon" at biology news

The longest carbon nanotubes you've ever seen

...ligned carbon nanotubes on a roughly 10-centimeter silicon substrate, opening the door for scaling-up the process. The inventions were presented in April 2007 at the Single Wall Carbon Nanotube Nucleation and Growth Mechanisms workshop organized by NASA and Rice University. The research was supported by N...

Magnetic computer sensors may help study biomolecules

...meters in size, patterned on a 200-nanometer-thick silicon nitride membrane in fluid. When the spin valves are turned on, a local magnetic field is created that is strongest near the ends of the magnetic stack below the membrane—a field strong enough to trap nanoscale magnetic particles. The NIST experime...

NHGRI aims to make DNA sequencing faster, more cost effective

... bases. Arrays of nanopores will be constructed on silicon substrates using a self-aligned compositional approach. Quadrature dipole moment detectors will be constructed that yield a signal independent of the rotation of the DNA molecule relative to the electrodes. Jens Gundlach, Ph.D., University of Wash...

BC catalyst discovery promises faster, cheaper drug production

... that attaches, with extremely high selectivity, a silicon atom to an alcohol group so that only one enantiomer is formed. Other molecules are known to promote this important reaction, but the new catalyst is the first to control the handedness of the process at the same time. "What makes this discovery e...

MIT's molecular sieve advances protein research

...ring, have devised a sieve that is embedded into a silicon chip. A biological sample containing proteins is put through the sieve for separation. The sieving process is based on a theoretical model known as the Ogston sieving mechanism. In the model, proteins move through deep and shallow regions that act t...

Boston University biomedical engineers win major grant for pursuit of the '$1,000 Genome'

...ms of electrons, Meller punches tiny holes in thin silicon films, then pulls strands of DNA through these "nanopores" using an electric current. Each base is identified by a florescent marker attached to it, which allows the researchers to record the sequence of bases as the strand emerges from the nanopore....

Contrary to common wisdom, scientist discovers some mammals can smell objects under water

...m, small fish, insect cuticle and blobs of wax and silicon ?and observed the moles' behavior. He saw that, when the moles approached one of these targets, they would blow bubbles that came into contact with the target's surface and then were sucked back into the nostrils. "Because the olfactory nerves in t...

With record resolution and sensitivity, tool images how life organizes in a cell membrane

...cle to model a cell membrane, placed it on a small silicon wafer to make the lipid bilayer flatten into two dimensions and organized the flat membrane with a pattern of chrome grids to provide ''landmarks'' on the surface. That system let the scientists track how lipids moved and measure how many of each typ...

Nanotubes used for first time to send signals to nerve cells

...lectricity better than copper or to substitute for silicon in semiconductor chips, carbon nanotubes have been proposed as the basis for everything from elevator cables that could lift payloads into Earth orbit to computers smaller than human cells. Thin films of carbon nanotubes deposited on transparent pl...

UCSD researchers develop 'smart petri dish'

...shed by the American Chemical Society, uses porous silicon crystals filled with polystyrene to detect subtle ...ructed their Smart Petri Dish by first fabricating silicon crystals with nanometer-sized holes. This enabled them to produce a photonic crystal, capable of con...

Magnetism and mimicry of nature hold hope for better medicine, environmental safety

...nables tiny drops of fluids to be manipulated on a silicon chip in ways that produce clearer pictures of the proteins, DNA, bacteria, viruses and chemicals present in liquids, explains Antonio Garcia, a professor in the Harrington Department of Bioengineering in ASU's Ira A. Fulton School of Engineering. T...

Nanowire arrays can detect signals along individual neurons

...scientists at Harvard University have used slender silicon nanowires to detect, stimulate, and inhibit nerve ...antage of the size similarities between ultra-fine silicon nanowires and the axons and dendrites projecting from nerve cells: Nanowires, like neuronal offshoot...

Mitochondrial DNA sequencing tool updated

... they have developed a second generation "lab on a silicon chip" called the MitoChip v2.0 that for the first ...ng microarray. Roughly the size of a quarter, the silicon chip had lithographically annealed to it up to 135,000 short, arrayed bits of DNA sequence that, col...

Purdue creates new low-cost system to detect bacteria

...s for applications such as detecting impurities on silicon wafers in computer chip manufacturing and measuring the size and speed of fuel droplets in jet engines. "We adapted some ideas from that research to build a scatterometer for food safety, and now we're using the second generation of that instrument...

Polymers show promise for lab-on-a-chip technology

...t importantly of all, LCPs are less expensive than silicon and potentially easier to process, Elias said. "Ultimately, we believe liquid crystalline polymers will be fully integrated in microelectromechanical systems, such as the emerging lab-on-a-chip applications," she said. ...

Nanopore method could revolutionize genome sequencing

... on a pore about a nanometer in diameter made from silicon nitride--a material that is easy to work with and commonly used in nanostructures--surrounded by two pairs of tiny gold electrodes. The electrodes would record the electrical current perpendicular to the DNA strand as the DNA passed through the pore...

'Nano-keys' bind cell receptors and trigger allergic reactions

...the cell. The so-called nano-keys are surfaces of silicon with a layer of polymer or a thin lipid (fatty molecules that make up cell membranes) bilayer. The surfaces, which are engineered on the micron scale (0.000001 meter; there are 25,400 microns in an inch), are arranged in patterns that contain antigen...

Nano machine switches between biological and silicon worlds

... so the switch links the biological world with the silicon world of electronic signals. Here's how it works....iological motor with the electronic signals of the silicon world. The biological element of the device starts with a DNA molecule fixed to the floor of the m...

Researchers get neurons and silicon talking

... individual neurons and the inorganic compounds of silicon chips. It was a difficult task. "We had a lot of ...t neural electrical signals could be passed to the silicon chip," says Vassanelli. Once there, that signal can be recorded using the chip's transistors. What'...

Rochester scientists develop fast-working biosensor

...as part of the sensing system that also includes a silicon chip and a digital camera. The journal Biosensors...ayed imaging reflectometry." The system utilizes a silicon chip that is made so that laser light reflected off the chip is invisible unless the target bacteria...

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