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Tag: "sequencing" at biology news

One species, many genomes

... are lost relative to the reference genome, direct sequencing of the genome of wild strains will allow the detection of new genes. The plan is to decipher the genomes of at least 1001 Arabidopsis varieties. A new instrument, with which the entire genome of a plant can be read in just a few days, is already avai...

Caribbean frogs started with a single, ancient voyage on a raft from South America

...aduate student Matthew Heinicke, who performed DNA sequencing and analysis. One prominent theory had proposed that frog species on the large islands of Cuba, Jamaican, Hispaniola, and Puerto Rico had walked there across land bridges that existed when those islands were connected in a geologic arc about 70-to...

New findings challenge established views on human genome

...ect in April 2003 was a major achievement, but the sequencing of the genome marked just the first step toward the goal of using such information to diagnose, treat and prevent disease. Having the human genome sequence is similar to having all the pages of an instruction manual needed to make the human body. Res...

454 sequencing identifies HIV drug resistance at early stage

...abundant resistant variants detected by Ultra Deep sequencing were found to be extremely important as it enabled the prediction of early antiretroviral treatment failure with strong statistical significance. “Current genotypic resistance technology available to clinicians is limited to detecting resistance mut...

Exploring the dark matter of the genome

...al for many essential functions." Advances in sequencing the Drosophila heterochromatin have overcome previ... literally." She points out that during subsequent sequencing efforts, DNA was made three times from the same strain of flies -- in 1990, 1998, and 1999 -- and th...

Ancient retrovirus sheds light on modern pandemic

... to this ancient retrovirus first emerged with the sequencing of the chimpanzee genome. "When the chimp genome was sequenced, a team of scientists at the University of Washington led by Evan Eichler found the largest difference overall between the chimp and human genomes was the presence or absence of PtERV1," ...

Puzzling plankton yield secrets to role in evolution/global photosynthesis

...on. "With even more picoplankton genomes in the sequencing queue at DOE JGI, we’re positioned to secure a better grasp on the mechanisms of species adaptation and the great diversity of biological pathways operating in the oceans," said Grigoriev. "This will also enable us to predict the roles of these orga...

New knowledge improves rice quality

...owledge generated by activities such as the recent sequencing of the rice genome, and use it to improve the lives of the poor by providing either better quality food or increased income." The quality rice network ?which was formed electronically in 2006 ?met for the first time last month during a three-day w...

Gene mutation linked to cognition is found only in humans

...y recently, less than 5 million years ago. Gene sequencing revealed a mutation specific to humans that triggers a change in the splicing pattern of the neuropsin gene, creating a new splicing site and a longer protein. Introducing this mutation into chimpanzee DNA resulted in the creation of type II neurops...

New bacteria test could improve quality of fruit and vegetable juice

...has successfully used a new approach combining DNA sequencing technique with mid-infrared spectroscopy to rapidly and accurately identify Alicyclobacillus, a common bacterium found in apple, carrot, tomato, orange and pear juices, tropical fruit juices and juice blends. The bacterium won't cause human sickness,...

Researchers publish first marsupial genome sequence

...an in 2003 and cost approximately $25 million. The sequencing work was funded by the National Human Genome Resea...Ph.D., co-director of the Broad Institute's genome sequencing and analysis program and the study's senior author. Marsupials and the ancestors of placental mam...

DOE JGI sets 'gold standard' for metagenomic data analysis

...ith the advent of more powerful and economical DNA sequencing technologies, gene discovery and characterization ...studies of microbial communities." In a shotgun sequencing process, the DNA from the microbial genomes is first sheared into millions of small fragments to ena...

Genome of yellow fever/dengue fever mosquito sequenced

...ns of mosquito genes in the genome. In parallel to sequencing DNA in chromosomes, scientists have also sequenced large amounts of messenger RNAs collected from different mosquito tissues at distinct developmental stages. Matching a messenger RNA to a predicted gene will validate authenticity of this gene." ...

Mine runoff continues to provide clues to microbial diversification

...rganisms that do not directly have complete genome sequencing information,?VerBerkmoes said. “As a result we could study organisms related to those completely sequenced ?such as the bacterial clades, or ‘cousins,?that are likely to exist in natural environments. “This also might have implications into helpin...

Researchers identify gene involved in dog size

... used physical observations, X-ray imaging and DNA sequencing and genotyping analysis to study Portuguese water dogs—a breed that has an unusually wide range of skeletal size—as well as several small and large canine breeds. This analysis revealed that differences in dog body size appeared to be associated with...

Horse genome assembled

...d University, in Cambridge, Mass., carried out the sequencing and assembly of the horse genome. Approximate...rge genome sequence, were contributed to the horse sequencing project by Ottmar Distl, D.V.M., Ph.D. and Tosso Leeb, Ph.D., from the University of Veterinary Medi...

Loss of a universal tRNA feature reported

...A as all other bacteria do. Amplification and tRNA sequencing approaches were used to confirm the findings. Sinorhizobium meliloti and Caulobacter crescentus are members of the alphaproteobacteria, a group of diverse organisms whose members have successfully adopted different lifestyle and energy-yielding st...

Nanotechnology meets biology and DNA finds its groove

...le, could lead to faster and vastly more efficient sequencing technology in the lab, and may one day help underp...lity to quickly get lots of molecules lined up for sequencing and analysis, says Schwartz, means entire genomes - for species or individuals - could soon become m...

Researchers find gene mutation that causes infertility in male mice

... infertility occurs in humans. "People have been sequencing genes in humans, including the Dmc1 gene, to try and associate changes in gene sequences with infertility," said Schimenti. "There have been occasional reports that in some patients, a sequence change in this or other meiosis genes might cause a domi...

Protein fragments sequenced in 68 million-year-old Tyrannosaurus rex

...to develop mass spectrometry techniques capable of sequencing minute amounts of protein from human tumors. "I realized when I read the New York Times article and saw Mary Schweitzer’s story of having uncovered this dinosaur that this is exactly the sort of thing that would appeal to John and hence ripped him...

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