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Tag: "rodent" at biology news

Role of noise in neurons

...nown until this paper. Using detailed models of rodent and squid axons and stochastic simulations, the authors performed experiments, now published in PLoS Computational Biology, which took several months to simulate a few milliseconds of real time in the brain. They show how conduction along such thin a...

To sleep, perchance to dream: New insight into melatonin production

...by melatonin synthesis. The researchers found that rodent AANAT mRNA translation is mediated by IRES (internal ribosome entry site) elements in the 5' end of the transcript, through binding of another protein, called hnRNP Q. In fact, siRNA knock-down of hnRNP Q reduced AANAT and melatonin production under ...

Glucose triggers brain cell death in rats after hypoglycemic coma

...mic coma is to give lots of glucose, fast. But our rodent model makes it clear that overshooting glucose lev...d NADPH oxidase as agents of oxidative stress in a rodent model of ischemic stroke. "So far, the results are very promising," he says. ...

Columbia scientists determine 3-dimensional structure of cell's 'fuel gauge'

...cell takes in and uses to create ATP. Research in rodent models has shown that AMPK activators can lessen the pathologies associated with diabetes, including problems that diabetics have regulating blood sugar. Dr. Shapiro explained that researchers do not yet know how to activate AMPK without activatin...

Scientists find hormone activity explains adolescent mood swings

...hat reliably predicts the human condition. In this rodent model, the alpha4-beta2-delta receptor normally has very low expression, but increases dramatically at the onset of puberty in the part of the brain that regulates emotion. Paradoxically, THP reduced the inhibition produced by these alpha4-beta2-delt...

Scientists uncover new target in cancer mutation puzzle

...ural & Molecular Biology. In experiments with rodent and human cells, co-authors Mingxuan Xia, Ph.D., and Hartmut Land, Ph.D., explored how the Rho family of proteins, which are involved in cell movement, and thus in the progression from benign to malignant cancer, are controlled by two well-known canc...

Scientists discover new species of distinctive cloud-forest rodent

...discovered in the cloud-forests of Peru. The large rodent is about the size of a squirrel and looks a bit li...latives are spiny rats. The nocturnal, climbing rodent is beautiful yet strange looking, with long dense fur, a broad blocky head, and thickly furred tail....

Plague proteome reveals proteins linked to infection

...s are vectors for the disease and can spread it to rodent and human hosts. This study mimicked environmental conditions of Y. pestis in flea and in mammalian systems. The proteome is a survey of proteins in a cell. Lipton, Hixson and colleagues at the PNNL-based Environmental Molecular Sciences Laborator...

What animals can tell us about hemorrhage, organ transplants and aging

...s research with naked mole rats, the longest-lived rodent known, may cause physiologists to modify this theory. Metabolic rate. In theory, the higher the species' metabolic rate, the shorter its life span should be because ROS are generated during aerobic metabolism as we use oxygen. But birds, which hav...

A new view on Lyme disease: Rodents hold the key to annual risk

... link between increased Lyme disease risk and high rodent densities indicates that important food sources--or predators--of the rodent hosts of nymphs will be valuable predictors of disease risk. ...

Birds going extinct faster due to human activities

...n addition, the discovery reinforces a notion that rodent embryonic stem cell biology can be used to understand basic brain mechanisms, potentially leading to treatments where adult stem cells are taken from patients, cultured and transplanted into damaged brain environments to restore functions lost to dis...

Medium is the message for stem cells in search of identities

...n addition, the discovery reinforces a notion that rodent embryonic stem cell biology can be used to understand basic brain mechanisms, potentially leading to treatments where adult stem cells are taken from patients, cultured and transplanted into damaged brain environments to restore functions lost to dis...

Natural vitamin E tocotrienol reaches blood at protective levels

...ain injury. To observe the TCT's effectiveness, rodent neural cells were pretreated with extremely low concentrations of TCT; these cells avoided the cell death associated with toxicity caused by homocysteic acid. But to reduce free-radical activity and resulting neurotoxicity, the scientists found that ...

Wild vs. lab rodent comparison supports hygiene hypothesis

...r studies of the hygiene hypothesis, using the new rodent model to examine other factors that may be contributing to the higher rates of allergy and autoimmune diseases of humans in industrialized societies, such as lack of exercise, increased mental stress and the consumption of processed food. Duke membe...

Pest control research leads to pain control discovery

...oratory examined the effects of these compounds in rodent inflammatory pain ehavior models. "Inflammatory mediators sensitize pain receptors and cause the animal to withdraw more quickly from a noxious stimulus, an indication of 'hyperalgesia' or heightened response to a painful stimulus. The sEH inhibitors...

Stem cell transplants improve recovery in animal models for stroke, cerebral palsy

...d the research in which previously frozen human or rodent multipotent adult progenitor cells, which the company calls MultiStem TM , were thawed and injected directly into the brain. Researchers believe that MultiStem TM cells are able to deliver a therapeutic benefit in multiple ways, for example by pro...

Hantavirus found in African wood mouse

...s in humans when it is inhaled through aerosolized rodent urine or droppings. A team led by Jan ter Meulen... that the Sangassou discovery has implications for rodent classification, said ter Meulen. "According to the co-evolution hypothesis, the phylogeny (evolution...

Engineered mouse mimics cognitive aspects of schizophrenia

...r delusions are impossible to address. "However, rodent models have the advantage of allowing direct tests of cause-effect relationships for specific aspects of the disease, such as some of the cognitive deficits," they concluded. "We here have been able to introduce genetically a single molecular alterat...

Ancient DNA provides clues to the evolution of social behavior

A rare Patagonian rodent known as the colonial tuco-tuco fascinates biologi.... From these teeth, scientists can determine which rodent species lived in a roughly 3-mile radius of the cave at any given time. Using modern and ancient DN...

Animal models show that anabolic steroids flip the adolescent brain's switch for aggression

...ral problems for adults. Because this part of the rodent and human nervous systems are similar, researchers generalize their findings to humans. As a result, Melloni and his colleagues speculate that anabolic steroids can dramatically shorten teenage fuses (not known for length under the best of circumsta...

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